Effects of Flexibility on Liquid Crystalline Polymer Behavior: The Nematic Broken Rod

Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 281-300

  Chaubal, Charu V ^a   Leal, L Gary ^a  

^a University of California   (United States)

Author keywords

Broken rod polymer; Hairpins; Liquid crystalline polymers; Main chain LCP; Shear flow; Smoothed particle hydrodynamics

Indexed keywords

CONFORMATIONS; MACROMOLECULES; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALS; PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS; SHEAR FLOW;

CHAIN FLEXIBILITY; RODLIKE CHAINS;

LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMERS;

EID: 0033079274     PISSN: 08876266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(19990215)37:4<281::AID-POLB3>3.0.CO;2-Y     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Ober, C. K.; Jin, J. I.; Lenz, R. W. Liquid crystalline polymers with flexible spacers in the main chain. In Advances in Polymer Science, vol. 59; Springer Verlag: Berlin, 1984, p 103.
2. Koide, N. Liquid crystalline polymers. Int J Polym Mater 1991, 15, 243.
3. Kuzuu, N.; Doi, M. Constitutive equations for nematic liquid crystals under weak velocity gradient derived from a molecular kinetic equation. J Phys Soc Jpn 1983, 52, 3486.
4. Larson, R. G.; Öttinger, H. C. Effects of molecular elasticity on out-of-plane orientations in shearing flows of liquid-crystalline polymers. Macromolecules 1991, 24, 6270.
5. Marrucci, G.; Maffettone, P. L. Description of the liquid-crystalline phase of rodlike polymers at high shear rates. Macromolecules 1989, 22, 4076.
6. Magda, J. J.; Baek, S.-G.; DeVries, K. L.; Larson, R. G. Shear flows of liquid crystal polymers: Measurements of the second normal stress difference and the Doi molecular theory. Macromolecules 1991, 24, 4460.
7. 1 in densely packed lyotropes and thermotropes. J Rheol 1994, 38, 1473.
8. Larson, R. G. On the relative magnitude of viscous, elastic and texture stresses in liquid crystalline PBG solutions. Rheol Acta 1996, 35, 150.
9. Ulyanova, N. N.; Baranovskaya, I. A.; Liubina, S. Y.; Bezrukova, M. A.; et al. Investigation of macromolecules exhibiting the structure of a once-broken rod by molecular optics. 1. Synthesis and investigation of Poly(Gamma-Benzyl L-Glutamate) with short joints. Macromolecules 1991, 24, 3319.
10. Hassager, O. Kinetic theory and rheology of beadrod models for macromolecular solutions. I. Equilibrium and steady flow properties. J Chem Phys 1974, 60, 2111.
11. Jorquera, H.; Qin, L.; Dahler, J. S. Steady, elongational flow of dilute solutions of once-bent, once-broken, and deformable rod polymers. J Chem Phys 1990, 93, 2116.
12. Roitman, D. B.; Zimm, B. H. An elastic hinge model for dynamics of stiff chains. I. Viscoelastic properties. J Chem Phys 1984, 81, 6333.
13. Wang, X. J.; Warner, M. Theory of main chain nematic polymers with spacers of varying degree of flexibility. Liquid Crystals 1992, 12, 385.
14. Li, M. H.; Brûlet, A.; Keller, P.; Cotton, J. P. Liquid crystal polymers: Evidence of hairpin defects in nematic main chains, comparison with side chain polymers. J Mol Struct 1996, 383, 11.
15. Williams, D. R. M.; Halperin, A. Hairpin defects in liquid-crystalline polymers. MRS Bull 1995, 20, 39.
16. Bird, R. B.; Armstrong, R. C.; Hassager, O. Dynamics of Polymeric Liquids, vol. 2; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1987.
17. Doi, M.; Edwards, S. F. The Theory of Polymer Dynamics; Butterworth: Stoneham, MA, 1988.
18. Hinch, E. J. Brownian motion with stiff bonds and rigid constraints. J Fluid Mech 1994, 271, 219.
19. Rallison, J. M. The role of rigidity constraints in the rheology of dilute polymer solutions. J Fluid Mech 1979, 93, 251.
20. Fixman, M. Classical statistical mechanics of constraints: A theorem and application to polymers. Proceed Nat Acad Sci USA 1974, 71, 3050.
21. Chaubal, C. V.; Srinivasan, A.; Eǧecioǧlu, Ö.; Leal, L. G. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics technique for the solution of kinetic theory problems. Part 1: Method. J Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech 1996, 70, 125.
22. Chaubal, C. V.; Leal, L. G. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics technique for the solution of kinetic theory problems. Part 2: The effect of flow perturbations on the simple shear behavior of LCPs. J Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech, to appear.
23. Chaubal, C. V. PhD thesis, University of California at Santa Barbara, December 1997.
24. Silverman, B. W. Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis; Chapman and Hall: London, 1993.
25. Wand, M. P.; Jones, M. C. Kernel Smoothing; Chapman and Hall: London, 1995.
26. Fulbright, M. S.; Benz, W.; Davies, M. B. A method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics using spheroidal kernels. Astrophys J 1995, 440, 254.
27. Chaubal, C. V.; Leal, L. G.; Fredrickson, G. H. A comparison of closure approximations for the Doi theory of LCPs. J Rheol 1995, 39, 73.
28. Larson, R. G. Arrested tumbling in shearing flows of liquid crystalline polymers. Macromolecules 1990, 23, 3983.
29. Kramers, H. A. Brownian motion in a field of force and the diffusion model of chemical reactions. Physica 1940, VII, 284.
30. Landauer, R.; Swanson, J. A. Frequency factors in the thermally activated process. Phys Rev 1961, 121, 1668.
31. Langer, J. S. Statistical theory of the decay of metastable states. Ann Phys 1969, 54, 258.
32. Greco, F.; Marrucci, G. The tumbling and flow-aligning nature of nematics as predicted from the Slightly Bending Rod molecular model. Liquid Crystals 1997, 22, 11.
33. Bhave, A. V.; Menon, R. K,; Armstrong, R. C.; Brown, R. A. A constitutive equation for liquid-crystalline polymer solutions. J Rheol 1993, 37, 413.
34. Bingham, C. An antipodally symmetric distribution on the sphere. Ann Stat 1974, 2, 201.