The gaps between theory and practice in selecting nature reserves

Conservation Biology

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 484-492

  Prendergast, John R ^a   Quinn, Rachel M ^a   Lawton, John H ^a  

^a NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NATURE CONSERVATION; NATURE RESERVE;

EID: 0033062569     PISSN: 08888892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.97428.x     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Ando, A., Camm, J., Polasky, and A. Solow. 1998. Species distributions, land values, and efficient conservation. Science 279:2126-2128.
2. Bedward, M., R. L. Pressey, and D. A. Keith. 1992. A new approach for selecting fully representative reserve networks: addressing efficiency, reserve design and land suitability with an iterative analysis. Biological Conservation 62:115-125.
3. Belbin, L. 1993. Environmental representativeness: regional partitioning and reserve selection. Biological Conservation 66:223-230.
4. Bevanger, K. 1987. Number of bird species used for selection of protected areas. Fauna Norvegica. Series C. Cinclus 10:45-52.
5. Boza, M. A. 1993. Conservation in action: past, present and future of the national parks system in Costa Rica. Conservation Biology 7:239-247.
6. Brown, K. S. 1991. Conservation of Neotropical environments: insects as indicators. Pages 349-404 in N. M. Collins and J. A. Thomas, editors. The conservation of insects and their habitats. Academic Press, London.
7. Brussard, P. P., D. D. Murphy, and R. F. Noss. 1992. Strategy and tactics for conserving biological diversity in the United States. Conservation Biology 6:197-159.
8. Bullock, J. 1998. Community translocation in Britain setting objectives and measuring consequences. Biological Conservation 84:199-214.
9. Burley, F. W. 1988. Monitoring biological diversity for setting priorities in conservation. Pages 227-230 in E. O. Wilson, editor. Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
10. Caicco, S. L., J. M. Scott, B. Butterfield, and B. Csuti. 1995. A gap analysis of the management status of the vegetation of Idaho, U.S.A. Conservation Biology 9:498-511.
11. Chanter, D. O., and D. F. Owen. 1976. Nature reserves: a customer satisfaction index. Oikos 27:65-67.
12. Conroy, M., and B. R. Noon. 1996. Mapping of species richness for conservation of biological diversity: conceptual and methodological issues. Ecological Applications 6:763-773.
13. Cousins, S. H. 1991. Species diversity measurement: choosing the right index. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 6:190-192.
14. Cramp, S., and K. L. Simmons, editors. 1980. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Volume 2. Hawks to bustards. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
15. Curnutt, J., J. Lockwood, H. K. Luh, P. Nott. and G. Russell. 1994. Hotspots and species diversity. Nature 367:326-327.
16. Diamond, J. M. 1975. The island dilemma: lessons of modern biogeographic studies for the design of natural reserves. Biological Conservation 7:129-146.
17. Diamond, J. 1986. The design of a nature reserve system for Indonesian New Guinea. Pages 485-503 in M. E. Soulé, editor. Conservation biology: the science of scarcity and diversity. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
18. Dobson, A. P., J. P. Rodriguez, W. M. Roberts, and D. S. Wilcove. 1997. Geographic distribution of endangered species in the United States. Science 275:550-553.
19. Falk, D. A., and P. Olwell. 1992. Scientific and policy considerations in restoration and reintroduction of endangered species. Rhodora 94: 287-315.
20. Finch, D. M., and M. Patton-Mallory. 1992. Closing the gap between research and management. Pages 12-16 in Proceedings of the 1992 partners in flight training workshop. General technical report RM 229. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.
21. Game, M. 1990. Best shape for nature reserves. Nature 287:630-631.
22. Gaston, K. J. 1994. Rarity. Chapman and Hall, London.
23. Goldsmith, F. B. 1991. The selection of protected areas. Pages 273-292 in I. F. Spellerberg, F. B. Goldsmith, and M. G. Morris, editors. The scientific management of temperate communities for conservation. 31st symposium of the British Ecological Society. Blackwell, Oxford. United Kingdom.
24. Gotmark, F., M. Ahlund, and M. O. Eriksson. 1986. Are indices reliable for assessing conservation value of natural areas? An avian case study. Biological Conservation 38:55-73.
25. Griffith, B., J. M. Scott, J. W. Carpenter, and C. Reed. 1989. Translocation as a species conservation tool: status and strategy. Science 245:477-486.
26. Haila, Y., and J. Kouki. 1994. The phenomenon of biodiversity in conservation biology. Annales Zoologici Fennici 31:5-18.
27. Harrison, R. L. 1991. Toward a theory of inter-refuge corridor design. Conservation Biology 6:293-295.
28. Hodgetts, N. G. 1992. Guidelines for the selection of biological SSSIs: non-vascular plants. Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, United Kingdom.
29. Hunter, M. L., Jr. 1996. Fundamentals of conservation biology. Blackwell, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
30. Hurlbert, S. H. 1971. The nonconcept of species diversity: a critique and alternative parameters. Ecology 52:577-586.
31. International Council for Bird Preservation. 1992. Putting biodiversity on the map: priority areas for global conservation. Cambridge, United Kingdom.
32. Kiester, A. R., D. White, E. M. Preston, L. M. Master, T. R. Loveland, D. F. Bradford, B. A. Csuti, R. J. O'Connor, F. W. Davis, and D. M. Stomas. 1993. Research plan for pilot studies of the Biodiversity Research Consortium. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
33. Kirkpatrick, J. B. 1983. An iterative method for establishing priorities for the selection of nature reserves: an example from Tasmania. Biological Conservation 25:127-134.
34. Landres, P. B., J. Verner, and J. W. Thomas. 1988. Ecological uses of vertebrate indicator species: a critique. Conservation Biology 2:316-328.
35. Lawton, J. H. 1993. Range, population abundance and conservation. TREE 8:409-413.
36. Lawton, J. H. 1997. The science and non-science of conservation biology. Oikos 79:3-5.
37. Lawton, J. H., et al. 1998. Biodiversity inventories, indicator taxa and effects of habitat modification in tropical forest. Nature 391:72-76.
38. Lomolino, M. V. 1994. An evaluation of alternative strategies for building networks of nature reserves. Biological Conservation 69:243-249.
39. MacArthur, R. H., and E. O. Wilson. 1967. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
40. MacKinnon, J., and R. DeWulf. 1994. Designing protected areas for giant pandas in China. Pages 127-142 in R. I. Miller, editor. Mapping the diversity of nature Chapman & Hall, London.
41. Magurran, A. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Croom Helm, London.
42. McIntyre, S. 1992. Risks associated with the setting of conservation priorities from rare plant species lists. Biological Conservation 60: 31-37.
43. McKendry, J. E., and G. E. Machlis. 1991. The role of geography in extending biodiversity gap analysis. Applied Geography 11:135-152.
44. Mann, C. C., and M. L. Plummer 1995. Are wildlife corridors the right path? Science 270:1428-1430.
45. Margules, C. R., and M. B. Usher. 1981. Criteria used in assessing wildlife conservation potential: a review. Biological Conservation 21: 79-109.
46. Margules, C. R., I. D. Cresswell, and A. O. Nicholls. 1994a. A scientific basis for establishing networks of protected areas. Pages 327-350 in P. I. Forey, C. J. Humphries, and R. I. Vane-Wright, editors. Systematics and conservation evaluation. Special volume 50. Systematics Association, Clarendon, Oxford, United Kingdom.
47. Margules, C. R., A. O. Nicholls, and M. B. Usher. 1994b. Apparent species turnover, probability of extinction and the selection of nature reserves: a case study of the Ingleborough limestone pavements. Conservation Biology 8:398-409.
48. Morrone, J. J., L. Katinas, and J. V. Crisci. 1996. On temperate areas, basal clades and biodiversity conservation. Oryx 30:187-194.
49. Myers, N. 1990. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis. The Environmentalist 10:243-256.
50. Natural History Museum. 1998. Worldmap software. Available from http://www.nhm.ac.uk/science/projects/worldmap.
51. Nepal, S. K., and K. E. Weber. 1994. A buffet zone for biodiversity conservation viability of the concept in Nepal Royal Chitwan National Park. Environmental Conservation 21:333-341.
52. Nicholls, A. O., and C. R. Margules. 1993. An upgraded reserve selection algorithm Biological Conservation 64:165-169.
53. O'Callaghan, J. R. 1995. NELUP: an introduction. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 38:5-20.
54. O'Connor, R. J., M. T. Jones, D. White, C. Hunsaker, T. Loveland, B. Jones, and E. Preston. 1996. Spatial partitioning of environmental correlates of avian biodiversity in the coterminous United States. Biodiversity Letters 3: 97-110.
55. Oliver, I., and A. J. Beattie. 1993. A possible method for the rapid assessment of biodiversity. Conservation Biology 7:562-568.
56. Pearson, D. L., and F. Cassola. 1992. World-wide species richness patterns of tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae): indicator taxon for biodiversity and conservation studies. Conservation Biology 6:376-391.
57. Peres, C. A., and J. W. Terborgh. 1995. Amazonian nature reserves: an analysis of the defensibility status of existing conservation units and design criteria for the future. Conservation Biology 9:34-46.
58. Pimm, S. L., and J. H. Lawton. 1998. Planning for biodiversity. Science 279:2068-2069.
59. Possingham, H., J. Day, M. Goldfinch, and E. Salzborn. 1993. The mathematics of designing a network of protected areas for conservation. Pages 536-545 in D. J. Sutton, C. E. M. Pearce, and E. A. Cousins, editors. Decision sciences: tools for today. ASOR, Adelaide, South Australia.
60. Prendergast, J. R. 1994. Biodiversity hotspots in Britain. Ph.D. thesis. Imperial College, University of London, London.
61. Prendergast, J. R., and B. C. Eversham. 1997. Species richness covariance in higher taxa: empirical tests of the biodiversity indicator concept. Ecography 20:210-216.
62. Prendergast, J. R., R. M. Quinn, J. H. Lawton, B. C. Eversham, and D. W. Gibbons. 1993. Rare species, the coincidence of diversity hotspots and conservation strategies. Nature 365:335-337.
63. Pressey, R. L. 1994. Ad hoc reservations: forward or backward steps in developing representative reserve systems? Conservation Biology 8:662-668.
64. Pressey, R. L., and A. O. Nicholls. 1989. Application of a numerical algorithm to the selection of reserves in semi-arid New South Wales. Biological Conservation 50:263-278.
65. Pressey, R. L., M. Bedward, and D. A. Keith. 1994. New procedures for reserve selection in New South Wales: maximising the chances of achieving a representative network. Pages 351-373 in P. I. Forey, C. J. Humphries, and R. I. Vane-Wright, editors. Systematics and conservation evaluation. Special volume 50. Systematics Association, Clarendon, Oxford, United Kingdom.
66. Pressey, R. L., H. P. Possingham, and C. R. Margules. 1996. Optimality in reserve selection algorithms: when does it matter and how much? Biological Conservation 76:259-267.
67. Pressey, R. L., H. P. Possingham, and J. R. Day. 1997. Effectiveness of alternative heuristic algorithms for identifying indicative minimum requirements for conservation reserves. Biological Conservation 80:207-219.
68. Rebelo, A. G., and W. R. Siegfried. 1992. Where should nature reserves be located in the cape floristic region, South Africa? Models for the spatial configuration of a reserve network aimed at maximizing the protection of floral diversity. Conservation Biology 6:243-252.
69. Rebelo, A. G., and S. A. Tansley. 1993. Using rare plant species to identify priority conservation areas in the Cape floristic region: the need to standardize for total species richness. South African Journal of Science 89:156-161.
70. Reed, T. M. 1983. The role of species-area relationships in reserve choice: a British example. Biological Conservation 25:263-271.
71. Renner, S., and R. E. Ricklefs. 1994. Systematics and biodiversity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:78.
72. Scott, J. M., et al. 1993. Gap analysis: a geographical approach to protection of biological diversity. Wildlife Monographs 123:1-41.
73. Simberloff, D., J. A. Farr, J. Cox, and D. W. Mehlman. 1992. Movement corridors: conservation bargains or poor investments? Conservation Biology 6:493-504.
74. Thomas, C. D., and H. C. Mallorie. 1985. Rarity, species richness and conservation: butterflies of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Biological Conservation 33:95-117.
75. Thomas, G. 1991. The acquisition of RSPB reserves. Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Conservation Review 5:17-22.
76. Tickell, O. 1996. Home from home for the Newbury snails. New Scientist 2034:7.
77. Turpie, J. K. 1995. Prioritizing South African estuaries for conservation: a practical example using waterbirds. Biological Conservation 74:175-185.
78. Underhill, L. G. 1994. Optimal and suboptimal reserve selection algorithms. Biological Conservation 70:85-87.
79. Van Wilgen, B. W., W. J. Bond, and D. M. Richardson. 1992. Ecosystem management. Pages 345-371 in R. M. Cowling, editor. The ecology of fynbos. nutrients, fire and diversity. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.
80. Williams, P. H., D. Gibbons, C. Margules, A. Rebelo, C. Humphries, and R. Pressey. 1996. A comparison of richness hotspots, rarity hotspots, and complementary areas for conserving diversity of British birds. Conservation Biology 10:155-174.
81. Williams P. H., and K. J. Gaston. 1994. Measuring more of biodiversity: can higher-taxon richness predict wholesale species richness? Biological Conservation 67:211-217.
82. Wilson, E. O., and E. O. Willis. 1975. Applied biogeography. Pages 522-534 in M. L. Cody, and J. M. Diamond, editors. Ecology and evolution of communities. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
83. World Wildlife Fund. 1982. Operation tiger report project 1004. World Wildlife Fund, Godalming. United Kingdom.