Field test of high molecular weight alcohol flushing for subsurface nonaqueous phase liquid remediation

Water Resources Research

Volumn 35, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 2095-2108

  Falta, Ronald W ^a   Lee, Cindy M ^a   Brame, Scott E ^a   Roeder, Eberhard ^a   Coates, John T ^a   Wright, Charles ^a   Wood, A Lynn ^b   Enfield, Carl G ^c  

^a CLEMSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^c U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GROUNDWATER; NON-AQUEOUS PHASE LIQUID; POLLUTANT REMOVAL; REMEDIATION;

FLUSHING; GROUNDWATER POLLUTION; NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUID; REMEDIATION;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0033061166     PISSN: 00431397     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1999WR900097     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Brandes, D., and K. Farley, Importance of phase behavior on the removal of residual DNAFLs from porous media by alcohol flooding, Water Environ. Res., 65, 869-878, 1993.
2. Broholm, K., and J. A. Cherry, Enhanced dissolution of heterogeneously distributed solvents residuals by methanol flushing: A field experiment, in Transport and Reactive Processes in Aquifers, edited by T. Dracos and F. Stauffer, pp. 563-568, A. A. Balkema, Brookfield, Vt., 1994.
3. Falta, R. W., Using phase diagrams to predict the performance of cosolvent floods for NAPL remediation, Ground Water Monit. Rem., 18(3), 94-102, 1998.
4. Falta, R. W., K. Pruess, S. Finsterle, and A. Battistelli, T2VOC user's guide, Rep. LBL-36400, Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Berkeley, Calif., March 1995.
5. Falta, R. W., C. M. Lee, S. E. Brame, E. Roeder, C. Wright, S. Price, J. Coates, P. Haskell, L. Wood, and C. Enfield, Field evaluation of cosolvent-enhanced in-situ remediation, draft final report, Coop. Agreement CR-821992-01-0, 261 pp., R. S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Ada, Okla, 1997a.
6. Falta, R. W., S. E. Brame, and E. Roeder, The application of density controlled flooding solutions for remediation, Geol. Soc. Am., Abstr. Programs, abstract 51134, 1997b.
7. Imhoff, P. T., S. N. Gleyzer, J. F. McBride, L. A. Vancho, I. Okuda, and C. T. Miller, Cosolvent-enhanced remediation of residual dense nonaqueous phase liquids: experimental investigation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29(8), 1966-1976, 1995.
8. Jin, M., M. Delshad, V. Dwarakanath, D. C. McKinney, G. A. Pope, K. Sepehrnoori, and C. E. Tilburg, Partitioning tracer test for detection, estimation, and remediation performance assessment of subsurface nonaqueous phase liquids, Water Resour. Res., 31(5), 1201-1211, 1995.
9. Lunn, S. R. D., Alcohol flooding of porous media contaminated with hazardous immiscible liquids, Ph.D. thesis, Queens Univ., Kingston, Ont., 1998.
10. Lunn, S. R. D., and B. H. Kueper, Removal of DNAPL pools using upward ethanol floods, in Non-aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLS) in Subsurface Environment, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference Held in Conjunction With the ASCE National Convention, Washington, D.C., November 12-14, 1996, pp. 345-356, Am. Soc. of Civ. Eng., New York, 1996.
11. Lunn, S. R. D., and B. H. Kueper, Removal of pooled dense, non-aqueous phase liquid from saturated porous media using upward gradient alcohol floods, Water Resour. Res., 33(10), 2207-2220, 1997.
12. Luthy, R. G., D. A. Dzombak, D. A. Peters, M. A. Ali, and S. B. Roy, Solvent extraction for coal tar, Rep. EPRI TR-101845, Electr. Power Res. Inst., Palo Alto, Calif., 1992.
13. McCray, J. E., and M. L. Brusseau, Cyclodextrin-enhanced in situ flushing of multiple-component immiscible organic liquid contamination at the field scale: Mass removal effectiveness, Environ. Sci. Technol., 32(9), 1285-1293, 1998.
14. Milazzo, J. T., Remediation of DNAPL-contaminated groundwater using alcohol flooding: Separate phase displacement vs enhanced dissolution, M.S. thesis, Clemson Univ., Clemson, S. C., 1993.
15. Montgomery Watson, Hill Air Force Base, Utah: Phase I work plan for eight treatability studies at Operable Unit 1, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1995.
16. Montgomery Watson, Hill Air Force Base, Utah: Phase II work plan for eight treatability studies at Operable Unit 1, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1996.
17. Peters, C. A., and R. G. Luthy, Coal tar dissolution in water miscible solvents: Experimental evaluation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 27(13), 2831-2843, 1993.
18. Peters, C. A., and R. G. Luthy, Semiempirical thermodynamic modeling of liquid-liquid phase equilibria: Coal tar dissolution in water-miscible solvents, Environ. Sci. Technol., 28(7), 1331-1340, 1994.
19. Price, S. W., Selection of a cosolvent flooding solution for removal of a multicomponent LNAPL at Operable Unit One, Hill Air Force Base, Utah, M.S. thesis, Clemson Univ., Clemson, S. C., 1997.
20. Rao, P. S. C., M. D. Annable, R. K. Sillan, D. Dai, K. Hatfield, W. D. Graham, A. L. Wood, and C. G. Enfield, Field-scale evaluation of in situ cosolvent flushing for enhanced aquifer remediation, Water Resour. Res., 33(12), 2673-2686, 1997.
21. Roeder, E., Phase density modifications for the remediation of DNAPLs by cosolvent flooding utilizing separate phase mobilization, Ph.D. thesis, Clemson Univ., Clemson, S. C., 1998.
22. Roy, S. B., D. A. Dzombak, and M. A. Ali, Assessment of in situ solvent extraction for remediation of coal tar sites: Column studies, Water Environ. Res., 67, 4-14, 1995.
23. Sillan, R. K., M. D. Annaable, P. S. C. Rao, D. Dai, K. Hatfield, W. D. Graham, A. L. Wood, and C. G. Enfield, Evaluation of in situ cosolvent flushing dynamics using a network of spatially distributed multilevel samplers, Water Resour. Res., 34(9), 2191-2202, 1998.
24. Zemel, B., Tracers in the Oilfield, 487 pp., Elsevier, New York, 1995.