Differential effects of estrogen-androgen and estrogen-only therapy on vasomotor symptoms, gonadotropin secretion, and endogenous androgen bioavailability in postmenopausal women

Menopause

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 138-146

  Simon, James ^a,e   Klaiber, Edward ^b   Wiita, Brinda ^c   Bowen, Angela ^d   Yang, Hwa Ming ^c  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc   (Netherlands)

^d Middleton Foundation   (United States)

^e Women's Health Research Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Adrenal androgens; Androgens; Esterified estrogens; Hormone replacement therapy; Menopause; Vasomotor symptoms

Indexed keywords

ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN; METHYLTESTOSTERONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AMENORRHEA; ANDROGEN THERAPY; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; ESTROGEN ACTIVITY; ESTROGEN THERAPY; FEMALE; GONADOTROPIN RELEASE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; POSTMENOPAUSE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; VASOMOTOR REFLEX;

EID: 0033054402     PISSN: 10723714     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042192-199906020-00011     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Vermeulen A. The hormonal activity of the postmenopausal ovary. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1976;42:247-53.
2. Zumoff B, Strain GW, Miller LK, Rosner W. Twenty-four hour mean plasma testosterone concentration declines with in normal premenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:1429-30.
3. Ballinger CB, Browning MCK, Smith AHW. Hormone profiles and psychological symptoms in perimenopausal women. Maturitas 1987;9:235-51.
4. Sherwin BB. Affective changes with estrogen and androgen replacement therapy in surgically menopausal women. J Affect Disord 1988;14:177-87.
5. Watts NB, Notelovitz M, Timmons MC, Addison WA, Wiita B, Downey LJ. Comparison of oral estrogens and estrogens plus androgen on bone mineral density, menopausal symptoms, and lipid-lipoprotein profiles in surgical menopause. Obstet Gynecol 1995;85:529-37.
6. Erlik Y, Tataryn IV, Meldrum DR, Lomax P, Bajorch JG, Judd HL. Association of waking episodes with postmenopausal hot flushes. JAMA 1981;245:1741-4.
7. Genant HK, Lucas J, Weiss S, et al. Low dose esterified estrogen therapy: effects on bone plasma estradiol concentrations, endometrium and lipid levels. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:2609-15.
8. Lindsay R, Hart DM, Cark DM. The minimum effective dose of estrogen for prevention of postmenopausal bone loss. Obstet Gynecol 1984;63:759-63.
9. Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. Postmenopausal estrogen and progestin use and the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996;335:435-61.
10. Greenblatt RB, Bartfield WE, Garner JF, Calk GL, Harrod JP. Evaluation of an androgen, an estrogen, an estrogen-androgen combination and a placebo in the treatment of the menopause. J Clin Endocrinol 1950;10:1547-58.
11. Davis SR, McCloud P, Strauss B, Burger H. Testosterone enhances estradiol's effects on postmenopausal bone density and sexuality. Maturitas 1995;21:227-36.
12. Studd JWW, Collins WP, Chakravarti S, et al. Oestradiol and testosterone implants in the treatment of psychosexual problems in postmenopausal women. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1977;84:314-15.
13. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. Differential symptom response to parenteral estrogen and/or androgen administration in the surgical menopause. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985;151:153-7.
14. Kupperman HS, Wetchler BB, Blatt MHG. Contemporary therapy of the menopausal syndrome. JAMA 1959;171:1627-37.
15. Rosner W. A simplified method for quantitative determination of testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin activity in human plasma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972;34:983-8.
16. Rao PN, Khan AH, Moore PH. Synthesis of new steroid haptens for radioimmunoassay. Part III. 15beta-Carboxyethylmercaptosteroid-bovine serum albumin conjugates. Specific antisera for radioimmunoassay of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, 5alpha-androstane-3beta, 17beta-diol and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17beta-diol. Steroids 1977;29:171-84.
17. Kinouchi T, Pages L, Horton RA. A specific radioimmunoassay for plasma testosterone. J Lab Clin Med 1973;82:309.
18. Abraham GE, Manlimos FS, Garza R. Radioimmunoassay of steroids. In: Abraham GE, ed. Handbook of radioimmunoassay. New York: Manuel Dekker, 1977:591-656.
19. Khosla S, Melton LJ, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallen WM, Klee GG, Riggs BL. Relationship of serum sex steroid levels and bone turnover markers with bone mineral density in men and women: A key role for bioavailable estrogen. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:2266-74.
20. Liang, K-Y, Zeger, SL. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 1986;13-22.
21. Raisz LG, Wiita B, Artis, et al. Comparison of the effects of estrogen alone and estrogen plus androgen on biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:37-43.
22. Burger HG, Hailes J, Menelaus M, Nelson J, Hudson B, Balazs N. The management of persistent menopausal symptoms with oestradiol-testosterone implants: clinical, lipid and hormonal results. Maturitas 1984;6:351-8.
23. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. Effects of parenteral administration of estrogen and androgen on plasma hormone levels and hot flushes in the surgical menopause. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984;148:552-7.
24. DeFazio J, Meldrum DR, Winer JH, Judd HL. Direct action of androgen on hot flashes in the human male. Maturitas 1984;6:3-8.
25. Sarrel P, Dobay B, Wiita B. Estrogen and estrogen-androgen replacement in postmenopausal women dissatisfied with estrogen-only therapy: sexual behavior and neuroendocrine responses. J Reprod Med 1998;43(in press).
26. Wiita B, Artis A, Ackerman D, Longcope C. Binding of a 17-α-methyl-testosterone in vitro to human sex hormone binding globulin and rat ventral prostate androgen receptors. Ther Drug Monit 1995;17:377-80.
27. Hobbs CJ, Jones RE, Plymate SR. The effects of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) on testosterone transport into the cerebrospinal fluid. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1992;42:629-35.
28. Adashi EY. The climacteric ovary as a functional gonadotropin-driven and androgen-producing gland. Fertil Steril 1994;62:20-7.
29. Casson PR, Elkind-Hirsch KE, Buster JE, et al. Effect of post-menopausal estrogen replacement on circulating androgens. Obstet Gynecol 1997;90:995-8.
30. Tazuke S, Khaw K-T, Barrett-Connor E. Exogenous estrogen and endogenous sex hormones. Medicine 1992;71:44-51.
31. Parker LN, Lifrak ET, Odell WD. A 60,000 molecular weight human pituitary glycopeptide stimulates adrenal androgen secretion. Endocrinology 1983;113:2092-6.