Low cholesterol as a risk factor for primary intracerebral hemorrhage: A case-control study

Neuroepidemiology

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 185-193

  Segal, Alan Z ^a   Chiu, Rosaleen I ^a   Eggleston Sexton, Paula M ^a   Beiser, Alexa ^b   Greenberg, Steven M ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Amyloid angiopathy; Cholesterol; Hypertension; Intracerebral hemorrhage

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN E;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HUMAN; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; RISK ASSESSMENT; VASCULAR AMYLOIDOSIS;

AGED; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; CHOLESTEROL; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 0033051210     PISSN: 02515350     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000026210     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Lin CH, Shimizu Y, Kato H, Robertson TL, Furonaka H, Kodama K, Fukunaga Y: Cerebrovascular disease in a fixed population of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Stroke 1984; 15:653-660.
2. Szatrowski TP, Peterson AV, Shimizu Y, Prentice RL, Mason MW, Fukunaga Y, Kato H: Serum cholesterol, other risk factors and cardiovascular disease in a Japanese cohort. J Chron Dis 1984;37:569-584.
3. Tanaka H, Ueda Y, Hayashi M, Date C, Baba T, Yamashita H, Shoju H, Tanaka Y, Owada K, Detels R: Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese rural community. Stroke 1982;13: 62-73.
4. Iso H, Jacobs DR, Wentworth D, Neaton JD, Cohen JD: Serum cholesterol levels and six-year mortality from stroke in 350,977 men screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. N Engl J Med 1989;320:904-910.
5. Yano K, Reed DM, Maclean CJ: Serum cholesterol and hemorrhagic stroke in the Honolulu Heart Program. Stroke 1989;20:1460-1465.
6. Iribarren C, Jacobs DR, Sadler M, Claxton AJ, Sidney S: Low total serum cholesterol and intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke: Is the association confined to elderly men? Stroke 1996;27:1993-1998.
7. Gatchev O, Rastam L, Lindberg G, Eklund GA, Isacsson SO: Subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage and serum cholesterol in men and women. Ann Epidemiol 1993;3: 403-409.
8. Lindenstrom E, Boysen G, Nyboe J: Influence of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides on risk of cerebrovascular disease: The Copenhagen City Heart Study. Br Med J 1994;309: 11-15.
9. Greenberg SM, Briggs ME, Hyman BT, Kokoris GJ, Takis C, Kanter DS, Kase CS, Pessin MS: Apolipoprotein E e4 is associated with the presence and earlier onset of hemorrhage in cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Stroke 1996;27:1333-1337.
10. Prekumar DR, Cohen DL, Hedera P, Friedland RP, Kalaria RN: Apolipoprotein E ε4 alleles in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cerebrovascular pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease. Am J Pathol 1996; 148:2083-2095.
11. Nicoll JA, Burnett C, Love S, Graham DI, Dewar D, Ironside JW, Stewart J, Vinters HV: High frequency of apolipoprotein E ε2 allele in hemorrhage due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Ann Neurol 1997;41:716-721.
12. Giroud M, Creisson E, Fayolle H, Andre N, Becker F, Martin D, Dumas R: Risk factors for primary cerebral hemorrhage: A population - based study - the Stroke Registry of Dijon. Neuroepidemiology 1995;14: 20-26.
13. Greenberg SM, Finklestein SP, Schaefer PR: Petechial hemorrhage accompanying lobar hemorrhages: Detection by gradient-echo MRI. Neurology 1996;46:1751-1754.
14. Wilson PW, Myers FH, Larson MG, Ordovas JM, Wolf PA, Schaefer EJ: Apolipoprotein E alleles, dyslipidemia, and coronary disease. The Framingham Offspring Study. JAMA 1994;272:1666-1671.
15. Fyfe T, Cochran KM, Baxter RH, Booth EM: Plasma lipid changes after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1971;ii:997-1001.
16. Gore JM, Goldberg RJ, Matsumoto AS, Castelli WP, McNamara PM, Dalen JE: Validity of serum total cholesterol level obtained within 24 hours of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:722-725.
17. Sewdarsen M, Vythilingum S, Jialal I, Nadar R: Plasma lipids can be reliably assessed within 24 hours after acute myocardial infarction. Postgrad Med J 1988;64:352-356.
18. Ryder RE, Hayes TM, Mulligan IP, Kingswood JC, Williams S, Owens DR: How soon after myocardial infarction should plasma lipid values be assessed? Br Med J 1984;289: 1651-1653.
19. Rubies-Prat J, Joven J: How soon after myocardial infarction should plasma lipid values be assessed? Br Med J 1985;290:470-471.
20. Cohn JS, McNamara JR, Chaefer EJ: Lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in the plasma of human subjects as measured in the fed and fasted states. Clin Chem 1988;34: 2456-2459.
21. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS: Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;18:499-502.
22. Cloey T, Bachonik PS, Becker D, Finney C, Lowry D, Sigmund W: Reevaluation of serum-plasma differences in total cholesterol concentration. JAMA 1990;263:2788-2789.
23. Greenberg SM, Rebeck GW, Vonsattel JPG, Gomez-Isla T, Hyman BT: Apolipoprotein E e4 and cerebral hemorrhage associated with amyloid angiopathy. Ann Neurol 1995;38:254-259.
24. Kroes J, Ostwald R: Erythrocyte membranes - effect of increased cholesterol content on permeability. Biochim Biophys Acta 1971;249: 647-650.
25. Tandon N, Harmon J, Robard D, Jamieson GA: Thrombin receptors define responsiveness of cholesterol modified platelets. J Biol Chem 1983:258:773-780.
26. Mendez I, Hachinski V, Wolfe B: Serum lipids after stroke. Neurology 1987;37:507-511.
27. Hachinski V, Graffagnino C, Beaudry M, Bernier G, Buck C, Donner A, Spence D, Doig G, Wolfe BMJ: Lipids and stroke: A paradox resolved. Arch Neurol 1996;53:303-308.
28. Butterworth RJ, Marshall WJ, Bath PMW: Changes in serum lipid measurements following acute ischaemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7:10-13.
29. Woo J, Lam CWK, Wong HY, Teoh R, Nicholls MG: Acute and long-term changes in serum lipids after acute stroke. Stroke 1990;21:1407-1411.
30. Puddey IB: Low serum cholesterol and the risk of cerebral haemorrhage. Atherosclerosis 1996;119:1-6.
31. Law MR, Thompson SG, Wald NJ. Assessing possible hazards of reducing serum cholesterol. Br Med J 1994;308:373-379.
32. The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group (45): Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease. Lancet 1994;344:1383-1389.