Early expression of the calmodulin gene, which precedes appressorium formation in Magnaporthe grisea, is inhibited by self-inhibitors and requires surface attachment

Journal of Bacteriology

Volumn 181, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 3571-3577

  Liu, Zhi Mei ^a   Kolattukudy, Pappachan E ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALMODULIN; CONCANAVALIN A; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

APPRESSORIUM; ARTICLE; CELL SURFACE; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; FUNGUS MUTANT; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GERMINATION; INHIBITION KINETICS; MEMBRANE STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR CLONING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

COLLETOTRICHUM TRIFOLII; FUNGI; GLOMERELLA CINGULATA; MAGNAPORTHE GRISEA;

EID: 0033043399     PISSN: 00219193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.11.3571-3577.1999     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Bajar, A., G. K. Podila, and P. E. Kolattukudy. 1991. Identification of a fungal cutinase promoter that is inducible by a plant signal via a phosphorylated trans-acting factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:8208-8212.
2. Braam, J., and R. W. Davis. 1990. Rain-, wind-, and touch-induced expression of calmodulin and calmodulin related genes in Arabidopsis. Cell 60:357-364.
3. Buhr, T. L., and M. B. Dickman. 1997. Gene expression analysis during conidial germ tube and appressorium development in Colletotrichum trifolii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:2378-2383.
4. Cormack, B. P., R. H. Valdivia, and S. Falkow. 1996. FACS-optimized mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Gene 173:33-38.
5. Dean, R. A. 1997. Signal pathways and appressorium morphogenesis. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 35:211-234.
6. Dickman, M. B., T. L. Buhr, V. Warwar, G. M. Truesdell, and C. X. Huang. 1995. Molecular signals during the early stages of alfalfa anthracnose. Can. J. Bot. 73(Suppl. 1):S1169-S1177.
7. Dobbeling, U., R. Boni, A. Haffner, R. Dummer, and G. Burg. 1997. Method for simultaneous RNA and DNA isolation from biopsy material, culture cells, plants and bacteria. BioTechniques 22:88-90.
8. Emmet, R. W., and D. G. Parberry. 1975. Appressoria. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 13:147-167.
9. Fowler, T., R. Berka, and M. Ward. 1990. Regulation of the glaA gene of Aspergillus niger. Curr. Genet. 18:537-545.
10. Griffen, D. H. 1994. Fungal physiology. Wiley-Liss, New York, N.Y.
11. Hamer, J. E., R. J. Howard, F. G. Chumley, and B. Valent. 1988. A mechanism for surface attachment in spores of a plant pathogenic fungus. Science 239:288-290.
12. Hedge, Y., and P. E. Kolattukudy. 1997. Cuticle waxes relieve self-inhibition of germination and appressorium formation by the conidia of Magnaporthe grisea. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 51:75-84.
13. Hwang, C.-S., and P. E. Kolattukudy. 1995. Isolation and characterization of genes expressed uniquely during appressorium formation by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidia induced by the host surface wax. Mol. Gen. Genet. 247:282-294.
14. Jelitto, T. C., H. A. Page, and N. D. Read. 1994. Role of external signals in regulating the pre-penetration phase of infection by the rice blast fungus. Planta 194:471-477.
15. 2+-calmodulin signaling by hard-surface contact primes Colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidia to germinate and form appressoria. J. Bacteriol. 180:5144-5150.
16. Kolattukudy, P. E., Y. Kim, D. Li, Z. M. Liu, and L. Rogers. Early molecular communication between Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and its host. In Host specificity, pathology and host pathogen interaction of Colletotrichum, in press. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minn.
17. Kwon, Y. H., H. C. Hoch, and R. C. Staples. 1991. Cytoskeletal organization in Uromyces urediospore germling apices during appressorium formation. Protoplasma 165:37-50.
18. Liu, Z. M., and P. E. Kolattukudy. 1998. Identification of a gene product induced by hard-surface contact of Collectotrichum gloeosporioides conidia as a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme by yeast complementation. J. Bacteriol. 180: 3592-3597.
19. Macko, V. 1981. Inhibitors and stimulants of spore germination and infection structure formation in fungi, p. 565-584. In G. Turian and H. R. Holh (ed.), The fungal spore morphogenetic controls. Academic Press, New York, N.Y.
20. Melnick, M. B., C. Melnick, M. Lee, and D. O. Woodward. 1993. Structure and sequence of the calmodulin gene from Neurospora crassa. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 117:334-336.
21. Mitchell, T. K., and R. A. Dean. 1995. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is required for appressorium formation and pathogenicity by the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea. Plant Cell 7:1869-1878.
22. Nunberg, J., J. Meade, G. Cole, F. Lawyer, P. McCabe, V. Schweickart, T. Tal, V. Wittman, J. Flatgaard, and M. Innis. 1984. Molecular cloning and characterization of the glucoamylase gene of Aspergillus awamori. Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:2306-2315.
23. Rasmussen, C. D., and A. R. Means. 1989. Calmodulin is required for cell cycle progression during G1 and mitosis. EMBO J. 8:73-82.
24. Roberts, D. M., and A. C. Harmon. 1992. Calcium-modulated proteins: targets of intracellular calcium signals in higher plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 43:375-414.
25. Schulman, H. 1993. The multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 5:247-253.
26. Spellig, T., A. Bottin, and R. Kahmann. 1996. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a new vital marker in the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis. Mol. Gen. Genet. 252:503-509.
27. Staben, C., B. Jensen, M. Singer, J. Pollosk, M. Schechtman, J. Linsey, and E. Selker. 1989. Use of a bacterial hygromycin B resistance gene as a dominant selectable marker in Neurospora crassa transformation. Fungal Genet. Newsl. 36:79-81.
28. Tsurushima, T., T. Ueno, H. Fukami, H. Irie, and M. Inoue. 1995. Germination self-inhibitors from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. jussiaea. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8:652-657.
29. Wymelenberg, A. J. V., D. Cullen, R. N. Spear, B. Schoenike, and J. H. Andrews. 1997. Expression of green fluorescent protein in Aureobasidium pullulans and quantification of the fungus on leaf surface. BioTechniques 23:686-690.
30. Yasui, K., K. Kitamoto, K. Gomi, C. Kumagai, Y. Ohya, and G. Tamura. 1995. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the calmodulin-encoding gene (cmdA) from Aspergillus oryzae. Biosci Biotechnol. Biochem. 59:1444-1449.