Respiratory energetics during exercise at high altitude

Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 86, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 1785-1792

  Cibella, Fabio ^a   Cuttitta, Giuseppina ^a   Romano, Salvatore ^a   Grassi, Bruno ^a   Bonsignore, Giovanni ^a   Milic Emili, Joseph ^b  

^a CNR   (Italy)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chronic hypoxia; Muscle efficiency; Respiratory muscles; Work of breathing

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALTITUDE ACCLIMATIZATION; ARTICLE; BREATHING MECHANICS; ESOPHAGUS PRESSURE; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LUNG MINUTE VOLUME; LUNG VOLUME; MALE; MUSCLE METABOLISM; NORMAL HUMAN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WORK CAPACITY;

EID: 0033035430     PISSN: 87507587     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1785     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Aaron, E. A., B. D. Johnson, K. C. Seow, and J. A. Dempsey. Oxygen cost of exercise hyperpnea: measurement. J. Appl. Physiol. 72: 1810-1817, 1992.
2. Aaron, E. A., K. C. Seow, B. D. Johnson, and J. A. Dempsey. Oxygen cost of exercise hyperpnea: implications for performance. J. Appl. Physiol. 72: 1818-1825, 1992.
3. Abbott, B. C., and B. Bigland. The effects of force and speed changes on the rate of oxygen consumption during negative work. J. Appl Physiol. 120: 319-325, 1953.
4. Agostoni, E., P. Mognoni, G. Torri, and G. Miserocchi. Forces deforming the rib cage. Respir. Physiol. 2: 105-117, 1966.
5. Baydur, A., P. K. Behrakis, W. A. Zin, M. Jaeger, and J. Milic-Emili. A simple method for assessing the validity of the esophageal balloon technique. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 126: 788-791, 1982.
6. Carpenter, T. M. Tables, Factors and Formulae for Computing Respiratory Exchange and Biological Transformations of Energy (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1948. (Publ. 303C)
7. Cibella, F., G. Cuttitta, B. Kayser, M. Narici, S. Romano, and F. Saibene. Respiratory mechanics during exhaustive submaximal exercise at high altitude in healthy humans. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 494: 881-890, 1996.
8. Coast, J. R., S. A. Rasmussen, K. M. Krause, J. A. O'Kroy, R. A. Loy, and J. Rhodes. Ventilatory work and oxygen consumption during exercise and hyperventilation. J. Appl. Physiol. 74: 793-798, 1993.
9. Cruz, J. C. Mechanics of breathing in high altitude and sea level subjects. Respir. Physiol. 17: 146-161, 1973.
10. D'Angelo, E., E. Prandi, M. Tavola, E. Calderini, and J. Milic-Emili. Chest wall interrupter resistance in anesthetized paralyzed humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 77: 883-887, 1994.
11. D'Angelo, E., F. M. Robatto, E. Calderini, M. Tavola, D. Bono, G. Torri, and J. Milic-Emili. Pulmonary and chest wall mechanics in anesthetized paralyzed humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 70: 2602-2610, 1991.
12. Gautier, H., R. Peslin, A. Grassino, J. Milic-Emili, B. Hannhart, E. Powell, G. Miserocchi, M. Bonora, and J. T. Fischer. Mechanical properties of the lungs during acclimatization to altitude. J. Appl. Physiol. 82: 1407-1415, 1982.
13. Jaeger, M. J., and A. B. Otis. Effects of compressibility of alveolar gas on dynamics and work of breathing. J. Appl. Physiol. 19: 83-91, 1964.
14. Kleiner, J. P., and W. P. Nelson. High altitude pulmonary edema. A rare disease? JAMA 234: 491-495, 1975.
15. Lafortuna, C. L., A. E. Minetti, and P. Mognoni. Inspiratory flow pattern in humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 57: 1111-1119, 1984.
16. Libby, P. M., W. A. Briscoe, and T. K. C. King. Relief of hypoxia-related bronchoconstriction by breathing 30 per cent oxygen. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 123: 171-175, 1981.
17. Mansell, A., A. Powies, and J. Sutton. Changes in pulmonary PV characteristics of human subjects at an altitude of 5,366 m. J. Appl. Physiol. 49: 79-83, 1980.
18. Margaria, R., G. Milic-Emili, J. M. Petit, and G. Cavagna. Mechanical work of breathing during muscular exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 15: 354-358, 1960.
19. Mead, J. Measurement of inertia of the lungs at increased ambient pressure. J. Appl. Physiol. 9: 208-212, 1956.
20. Messner, R. Everest: Expedition to the Ultimate. London: Kaye and Ward, 1979.
21. Milic-Emili, G., and J. M. Petit. Mechanical efficiency of breathing. J. Appl. Physiol. 15: 359-362, 1960.
22. Milic-Emili, G., J. M. Petit, and R. Deroanne. The effect of respiratory rate on the mechanical work of breathing during muscular exercise. Int. Z. Angew. Physiol. Einschl. Arbeitsphysiol. 18: 330-340, 1960.
23. Milic-Emili, G., J. M. Petit, and R. Deroanne. Il lavoro meccanico della respirazione durante la rirespirazione. Arch. Sci. Biol. 45: 141-153, 1961.
24. Milic-Emili, G., J. M. Petit, and R. Deroanne. Mechanical work of breathing during exercise in trained and untrained subjects. J. Appl. Physiol. 17: 43-46, 1962.
25. Milic-Emili, J., and E. D'Angelo. Work of Breathing. In: The Lung (2nd ed.), edited by R. G. Crystal, J. B. West, P. J. Barnes, and E. R. Weibel. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996, p. 1437-1446.
26. Milic-Emili, J., J. Mead, and J. M. Turner. Topography of esophageal pressure as a function of posture in man. J. Appl. Physiol. 19: 212-216, 1964.
27. Milic-Emili, J., and M. M. Orzalesi. Mechanical work of breathing during maximal voluntary ventilation. J. Appl. Physiol. 85: 254-258, 1998.
28. 2 tension on flow resistance. J. Appl. Physiol. 19: 745-749, 1964.
29. Otis, A, B. The work of breathing. Physiol. Rev. 34: 449-458, 1954.
30. Otis, A. B., W. O. Fenn, and H. Rahn. The mechanics of breathing in man. J. Appl. Physiol. 2: 592-607, 1950.
31. Petit, J. M., G. Milic-Emili, and J. Troquet. Travail dynamique pulmonaire et altitude. Rev. Med. Aeronaut. 2: 276-279, 1963.
32. Quanjer, P. H., G. J. Tammeling, J. E. Cotes, O. F. Pedersen, R. Peslin, and J. C. Yernault. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Eur. Respir. J. 6, Suppl. 16: 5-40, 1993.
33. Rabold, M. High-altitude pulmonary edema: a collective review. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 7: 426-433, 1989.
34. Reeves, J. T., C. H. Welsh, and P. D. Wagner. The heart and lungs at extreme altitude. Thorax 49: 631-633, 1994.
35. Sutton, J. R., J. T. Reeves, P. D. Wagner, B. M. Groves, A. Cymerman, M. K. Malconian, P. B. Rock, P. M. Young, S. D. Walter, and C. S. Houston. Operation Everest II: oxygen transport during exercise at extreme simulated altitude. J. Appl. Physiol. 64: 1309-1321, 1988.
36. Thoden, J. S., J. A. Dempsey, W. G. Reddan, M. L. Birnbaum, H. V. Forster, R. F. Grover, and J. Rankin. Ventilatory work during steady-state response to exercise. Federation Proc. 28: 1316-1321, 1969.
37. Varène, P., J. Timbal, and C. Jacquemin. Effect of different ambient pressures on airway resistance. J. Appl. Physiol. 22: 699-706, 1967.
38. West, J. B. Left ventricular filling pressures during exercise. Chest 113: 1695-1697, 1998.
39. Wolfel, E. E., M. A. Selland, R. S. Mazzeo, and J. T. Reeves. Systemic hypertension at 4,300 m is related to sympathoadrenal activity. J. Appl. Physiol. 76: 1643-1650, 1994.