The reemergence of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 179, Issue SUPPL. 1, 1999, Pages

  Khan, Ali S ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h}   Tshioko, F Kweteminga ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Heymann, David L ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Le Guenno, Bernard ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Nabeth, Pierre ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Kerstiëns, Barbara ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Fleerackers, Yon ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Kilmarx, Peter H ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Rodier, Guenael R ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Nkuku, Okumi ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Rollin, Pierre E ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Sanchez, Anthony ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Zaki, Sherif R ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Swanepoel, Robert ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Tomori, Oyewale ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Nichol, Stuart T ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Peters, C J ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Muyembe Tamfum, J J ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}   Ksiazek, Thomas G ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g}  

^a CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

^b Ministry of Health   (Democratic Republic Congo)

^c WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION   (Switzerland)

^d EPICENTRE   (France)

^e MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES   (Belgium)

^f INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE   (Belgium)

^g NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES   (South Africa)

^h CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CASE FINDING; CHILD; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONGO; EBOLA VIRUS; EPIDEMIC; FATALITY; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH EDUCATION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INFANT; INFECTION CONTROL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NURSING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; VIRUS HEMORRHAGIC FEVER;

EID: 0033035134     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/514306     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (41)

1. 1. International Commission. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire, 1976. Bull World Health Organ 1978; 56:271-93.
2. 2. WHO/International Study Team. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Sudan, 1976. Bull World Health Organ 1978; 56:247-70.
3. 3 Sanchez A, Trappier SG, Mahy BWJ, Peters CJ, Nichol ST. The virion glycoproteins of Ebola viruses are encoded in two reading frames and are expressed through transcriptional editing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93:3602-7.
4. 4. Emond RTD, Evans B, Bowen ETW, Lloyd G. A case of Ebola virus infection. Br Med J 1977; 2:541-4.
5. 5. Heymann DL, Weisfeld JS, Webb PA, et al. Ebola hemorrhagic fever: Tandala, Zaire, 1977-1978. J Infect Dis 1980; 142:372-6.
6. 6. Baron RC, McCormick JB, Zubeir OA. Ebola virus disease in southern Sudan: hospital dissemination and intrafamilial spread. Bull World Health Organ 1983; 61:997-1003.
7. 7. Le Guenno B, Formenty P, Wyers M, Gounon P, Walker F, Boesch C. Isolation and partial characterization of a new strain of Ebola virus. Lancet 1995; 345:1271-4.
8. 8. CDC. Ebola virus infection in imported primates - Virginia, 1989. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1989; 38:831-2, 837-8.
9. 9. Dalgard DW, Hardy RJ, Pearson SL, et al. Combined simian hemorrhagic fever and Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys. Lab Animal Sci 1992; 42:152-7.
10. 10. Jahrling PB, Geisbert TW, Dalgard DW, et al. Preliminary report: isolation of Ebola virus from monkeys imported to USA. Lancet 1990; 335: 502-5.
11. 11. Amblard J, Obiang P, Edzang S, Prehaud C, Bouloy M, LeGuenno B. Identification of the Ebola virus in Gabon in 1994 [letter]. Lancet 1997; 349:181-2.
12. 12. CDC. Outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever - Zaire, 1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995; 44:381-2.
13. 13. CDC. Update: outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever - Zaire, 1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995; 44:399.
14. 14. CDC. Update: outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever - Zaire, 1995, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995; 44:468-9, 475.
15. 15. Muyembe T, Kipasa M. International Scientific and Technical Committee, WHO Collaborating Centre for Haemorrhagic Fevers. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Kikwit, Zaire [letter]. Lancet 1995; 345:1448.
16. 16. Zaki SR, Shieh WJ, Greer P, et. al. A novel immunohistochemical assay for detection of Ebola virus in skin: implications for diagnosis, spread, and surveillance of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. J Infect Dis 1999; 179(suppl 1):S36-47.
17. 17. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995; 70:241-2.
18. 18. Lehmann EL. Nonparametrics: statistical methods based on ranks. San Francisco: Holden-Day, 1975.
19. 19. Bazhutin NB, Belanov EF, Spiridonov VA, et al. The effects of the methods for producing an experimental Marburg virus infection on the characteristics of the course of illness in green monkeys. Vopr Virusol 1992; 37:153-6.
20. 20. Jahrling PB, Geisbert TW, Jaax NK, Hanes MA, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ. Experimental infection of cynomolgus macaques with Ebola-Reston filoviruses from the 1989-1990 US epizootic. Arch Virol 1996; 11(suppl):115-34.
21. 21. Johnson E, Jaax N, White J, Jahrling P. Lethal experimental infections of rhesus monkeys by aerosolized Ebola virus. Int J Exp Pathol 1995; 76: 227-36.
22. 22. Cheprunov AA, Chuev YP, P'yankov OV, Efimova IV. Effects of some physical and chemical factors of inactivation of Ebola virus. Vopr Virusol 1995; 2:74-6.
23. 23. Jaax N, Jahrling P, Geisbert T, et al. Transmission of Ebola virus (Zaire strain) to uninfected control monkeys in a biocontainment laboratory. Lancet 1995; 346:1669-71.
24. 24. Jaax NK, Davis KJ, Geisbert TJ, et al. Lethal experimental infection of rhesus monkeys with Ebola-Zaire (Mayinga) virus by the oral and conjunctival route of exposure. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1996; 120:140-55.
25. 25. Dowell SF, Mukunu R, Ksiazek TG, et al. Transmission of Ebola hemorrhagic fever: a study of risk factors in family members, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. J Infect Dis 1999; 179(suppl 1)S87-91.
26. 26. Carey DE, Kemp GE, White HA, et al. Lassa fever. Epidemiologic aspects of the 1970 epidemic, Jos, Nigeria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1972; 66:402-8.
27. 27. Peters CJ, Kuehne RW, Mercado RR, Le Bow RH, Spertzel RO, Webb PA. Hemorrhagic fever in Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1971. Am J Epidemiol 1974; 99:425-33.
28. 28. Hattis RP, Halstead SB, Hermann KL, Witte JJ. Rubella in an immunized island population. JAMA 1973; 223:1010-21.
29. 29. Hamburger M Jr, Green MJ, Hamburger VG. The problem of the "dangerous carrier" of hemolytic streptococci. II. Spread of infection by individuals with strongly positive nose cultures who expelled large numbers of hemolytic streptococci. J Infect Dis 1945; 77:96-108.
30. 30. Dowell S. Ebola hemorrhagic fever: why were children spared? Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996; 15:189-91.
31. 31. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever - confirmed case in Côte d'Ivoire and suspect cases in Liberia. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995; 70:359.
32. 32. Georges-Courbot MC, Sanchez A, Lu CY, et al. Isolation and phylogenetic characterization of Ebola viruses causing different outbreaks in Gabon. Emerg Infect Dis 1997; 1:59-62.
33. 33. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996; 71:71.
34. 34. WHO. Outbreak of haemorrhagic fever in Gabon officially declared over. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996; 71:125-6.
35. 35. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996; 71:320.
36. 36. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996; 71:359.
37. 37. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1996; 71:366.
38. 38. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever - a summary of the outbreak in Gabon. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1997; 72:7-8.
39. 39. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1997; 72:23-4.
40. 40. WHO. Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1997; 72:71.
41. 41. Lloyd ES, Zaki SR, Rollin PE, et al. Long-term disease surveillance in Bandundu region, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a model for early detection and prevention of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. J Infect Dis 1999; 179(suppl 1)S275-80.