Chemical ozone loss in the Arctic winter 1994/95 as determined by the match technique

Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 35-59

  Rex, M ^a   Von Der Gathen, P ^a   Braathen, G O ^b   Harris, N R P ^c   Reimer, E ^d   Beck, A ^d   Alfier, R ^d   Kruger Carstensen R ^d   Chipperfield, M ^e   De Backer, H ^f   Balis, D ^g   O'Connor, F ^h   Dier, H ⁱ   Dorokhov, V ^j   Fast, H ^k   Gamma, A ^l   Gil, M ^m   Kyro E ⁿ   Litynska, Z ^o   Mikkelsen, I S ^p   Molyneux, M ^q   Murphy, G ^r   Reid, S J ^b,s   Rummukainen, M ⁿ   Zerefos, C ^g   more..

^a ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH   (Germany)

^b NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR AIR RESEARCH   (Norway)

^c Europ Ozone Res Coordinating Unit   (United Kingdom)

^d FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^f ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF BELGIUM   (Belgium)

^g ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI   (Greece)

^h ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ Meteorol Observatory Lindenberg   (Germany)

^j CENTRAL AEROLOGICAL OBSERVATORY   (Russian Federation)

^k ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^l ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^m INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TÉCNICA AEROESPACIAL   (Spain)

ⁿ FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^o INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT   (Poland)

^p DANISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Denmark)

^q MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

^r Irish Meteorological Service   (Ireland)

^s NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Arctic; Lagrangian measurements; Ozone layer; Ozone loss; Ozone sondes; Stratosphere

Indexed keywords

OZONE; WINTER;

ARCTIC; ARTICLE; BALLOON; OZONE LAYER; STRATOSPHERE; TECHNIQUE; WINTER;

ARCTIC;

EID: 0033032112     PISSN: 01677764     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1006093826861     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Bojkov, R. D., Fioletov, V. E., Balis, D. S., Zerefos, C. S., Kadygrova, T. V., and Shalamjansky, A. M. (1995) Further ozone decline during the Northern Hemisphere winter-spring of 1994-1995 and the new record low ozone, Geophys Res. Lett., 22, 2729-2732.
2. Braathen, G. O., Rummukainen, M., Kyrö, E., Schmidt, U., Dahlback, A., Jørgensen, T., Fabian, R., Rudakov, V., Gil, M., and Borchers, R. (1994) Temporal development of ozone within the arctic vortex during the winter of 1991/92, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1407-1410.
3. Browell, E. V., Butler, C. F., Fenn, M. A., Grant, W. B., Ismail, S., Schoeberl, M. R. Toon, O. B., Loewenstein, M., and Podolske, J. R. (1993) Ozone and aerosol changes during the 1991-1992 Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition, Science, 261, 1155-1158.
4. Brune, W. H., Anderson, J. G., Toohey, D. W., Fahey, D. W., Kawa, S. R., Jones, R. L., McKenna, D. S., and Poole, R.L. (1991) The potential for ozone depletion in the Arctic polar stratosphere, Science, 252, 1260-1266.
5. Carslaw, K.S., Peter, T., and Müller, R. (1997) Uncertainties in reactive uptake coefficients for solid stratospheric particles - 2. Effect on ozone depletion, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1747-1750.
6. Chipperfield, M.P., Santee, M.L., Froidevaux, L., Manney, G.L., Read, W.G., Waters, J.W., Roche, A.E., and Russell, J.M. (1996a) Analysis of UARS data in the southern polar vortex in September 1992 using a chemical transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 18861-18881.
7. Chipperfield, M. P., Lee, A. M., and Pyle, J. A. (1996b) Model calculations of ozone depletion in the Arctic polar vortex for 1991/92 to 1994/95, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 559-562.
8. David, C., Godin, S., Megie, G., Emery, Y., and Flesia, C. (1998) Physical state and formation of polar stratospheric clouds as inferred by airborne lidar Leandre during SESAME, J. Atmos. Chem., in press.
9. Dickinson, R. E. (1973) A method of parameterization for infrared cooling between altitudes of 30 to 70 km, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 4451-4457.
10. Dunkerton, T. J. and Delisi, D. P. (1986) Evolution of potential vorticity in the winter stratosphere of January-February 1979. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 1199-1208.
11. Gille, J. C. and Russell III, J. M. (1984) The Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere: Experiment Description, Performance, and Results, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5125-5140.
12. Goutail, F., Pommereau, J.-P., Phillips, C., Lefevre, F., Kyrö, E., Rummukainen, M., Eriksen, P., Andersen, S. B., Kåstad Høiskar, B.-A., Braathen, G., Dorokhov, V., and Khattatov, V.U. (1998) Ozone depletion in the Arctic during the winter 1994-95, J. Atm. Chem., in press.
13. Hansen, G., Svenøe, T., Chipperfield, M.P., Dahlback, A., and Hoppe, U.-P. (1997) Evidence of substantial ozone depletion in winter 1995/96 over Northern Norway, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 799-802.
14. Hanson, D. R. and Mauersberger, K. (1988) Laboratory studies of the nitric acid trihydrate: Implications for the south polar stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 855-858.
15. Hofmann, D. J. and Deshler, T. (1991) Evidence from balloon measurements for chemical depletion of stratospheric ozone in the Arctic winter of 1989-90, Nature, 349, 300-305.
16. Hofmann, D. J. (1996) The 1996 Antarctic ozone hole, Nature, 383, 129.
17. Kerr, J. B., Fast, H., McElroy, C. T., Oltmans, S. J., Lathrop, J. A., Kyrö, E., Paukkunen, A., Claude, H., Köhler, U., Sreedharan, C. R., Takao, T., and Tsukagoshi, Y. (1994) The international 1991 WMO ozonesonde intercomparison at Vanscoy, Canada, Atmosphere-Ocean, 32, 685-716.
18. Komhyr, W. D. and Harris, T. B. (1971) Development of the ECC ozonesonde, NOAA technical Report ERL 200-APCL 18, U.S. department of Commerce, NOAA Environmental Research Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado.
19. Komhyr, W.D., Barnes, R.A., Brothers, G., Lathrop, J.A., and Opperman, D.P. (1989) Electrochemical concentration cell ozonesonde performance evaluation during STOIC 1989, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 9231-9244.
20. Kyrö, E., Taalas, P., Jørgensen, T. S., Knudsen, B., Stordal, F., Braathen, G., Dahlback, A., Neuber, R., Krüger, B. C., Dorokhov, V., Yushkov, V. A., Rudakov, V. V., and Torres, A. (1992) Analysis of the ozone soundings made during the first quarter of 1989 in the Arctic, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 8083-8091.
21. Lacis, A. A. and Hansen, J. E. (1974) A parameterization for the absorption of solar radiation in the earth's atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 118-113.
22. Larsen, N., Knudsen, B., Mikkelsen, I. S., Jørgensen, T. S., and Eriksen, P. (1994) Ozone depletion in the arctic stratosphere in early 1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1611-1614.
23. Manney, G. L., Froidevaux, L., Waters, J. W., Zurek, R. W., Read, W. G., Elson, L. S., Kumer, J. B., Mergenthaler, J. L., Roche, A. E., O'Neill, A., Harwood, R. S., MacKenzie, I., and Swinbank, R. (1994) Chemical depletion of ozone in the Arctic lower stratosphere during winter 1992-93, Nature, 370, 429-434.
24. Manney, G. L., Zurek, R. W., Froidvaux, L., Waters, J. W., O'Neill, A., Swinbank, R. (1995a) Lagrangian transport calculations using UARS data. Part II: Ozone, J. Atm. Sci., 52, 3069-3081.
25. Manney, G. L., Zurek, R. W., Froidevaux, L., and Waters, J. W. (1995b) Evidence for Arctic ozone depletion in late February and early March 1994, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2941-2944.
26. Manney, G. L., Froidevaux, L., Waters, J. W., Santee, M. L., Read, W. G., Flower, D. A., Jarnot R. F., and Zurek R. W. (1996) Arctic ozone depletion observed by UARS MLS during the 1994-95 winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 85-88.
27. McKenzie, I.A., Harwood, R.S., Froidevaux, L., Read, W.G., and Waters, J. W. (1996) Chemical loss of polar vortex ozone inferred from UARS MLS measurements of ClO during the Arctic and Antarctic late winters of 1993, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14505-14518.
28. Müller, R., Crutzen, P. J., Grooß, J. U., Brühl, C., Russel, J. M., and Tuck, A. F. (1996) Chlorine activation and ozone depletion in the Arctic vortex: Observations by the Halogen Occultation Experiment on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12531-12554.
29. Naujokat, B., and Pawson, S. (1996) The cold stratospheric winters in 1994/1995 and 1995/1996, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3703-3706.
30. Petersen, R. A., and Uccellini, L. W. (1979) The computation of isentropic atmospheric trajectories using a "Discrete Model" formulation, Mon. Weth. Rev., 107, 566 pp.
31. Proffitt, M. H., Aikin, K., Margitan, J. J., Loewenstein, M., Podolske, J. R., Weaver, A., Chan, K. R., Fast, H., and Elkins, J. W. (1993) Ozone loss inside the northern polar vortex during the 1991-92 winter, Science, 261, 1150-1154.
32. Rex M. (1993) Stratosphärische Ozonabbauraten aus den Ozonsondendaten der EASOE-Kampagne, Thesis, Institut für Geophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.
33. Rex, M., von der Gathen, P., Harris, N. R. P., Reimer, E., Beck, A., Alfier, R., Knudsen, B. M., Mikkelsen, I. S., Chipperfield, M., Lucie, D.,. Allaart, M, De Backer, H., Braathen, G. O., Reid, S. J., Claude, H., O'Connor, F., Dier, H., Fast, H., Gamma, A., Gil, M., Guirlet, M., Kyrö, E., Rummukainen, M., Litynska, Z., Kois, B., Murphy, G., Ravegnani, F., Varotsos, C., Wenger, J., Yushkov, V., Dorokhov, V., Zerefos, C., Balis, D., and Ziomas, I. (1995) A lagrangian approach to separate stratospheric chemical ozone loss from dynamical effects: results for the arctic winters 91/92 and 94/95, Abstract volume of the international conference on ozone in the lower stratosphere, Halkidiki, Greece.
34. Rex, M., N. R. P. Harris, P. von der Gathen, K. Lehmann, G. O. Braathen, E. Reimer, A. Beck, M. P. Chipperfield, R. Alfier, M. Allaart, F. O'Connor, H. Dier, V. Dorokhov, H. Fast, M. Gil, E. Kyrö, Z. Litynska, I. S. Mikkelsen, M. G. Molyneux, H. Nakane, J. Notholt, M. Rummukainen, P. Viatte, and J. Wenger (1997) Prolonged stratospheric ozone loss in the 1995-96 Arctic winter, Nature, 389, 835-838.
35. Rex, M., von der Gathen, P., Harris, N. R. P., Lucie, D., Knudsen, B. M., Braathen, G. O., Reid, S. J., De Backer, H., Claude, H., Fabian, R., Fast, H., Gil, M., Kyrö, E., Mikkelsen, I. S., Rummukainen, M., Smit, H. G., Stähelin, J., Varotsos, C., and Zeitcev, I. (1998) In-situ measurements of stratospheric ozone depletion rates in the Arctic winter 1991/92: a Lagrangian approach, J. Geophys. Res., in press.
36. Salawitch, R. J., Wofsy, S. C., Gottlieb, E. W., Lait, L. R., Newman, P. A., Schoeberl, M. R., Loewenstein, M., Podolske, J. R., Strahan, S. E., Proffitt, M. H., Webster, C. R., May, R. D., Fahey, D. W., Baumgardner, D., Dye, J. E., Wilson, J. C., Kelly, K. K., Elkins, J. W., Chan, K. R., and Anderson, J. G. (1993) Chemical loss of ozone in the Arctic polar vortex in the winter of 1991-1992, Science, 261, 1146-1149.
37. y, in the Arctic polar vortex during EASOE, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1215-1218.
38. Schoeberl, M. R., Proffitt, M. H., Kelly, K. K., Lait, L. R., Newman, P. A., Rosenfield, J. E., Loewenstein, M., Podolske, J. R., Strahan, S. E., and Chan, K. R. (1990) Stratospheric constituent trends from ER-2 profile data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 469-472.
39. Shine, K. P. (1987) The middle atmosphere in the absence of dynamical heat fluxes, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 113, 603-633.
40. Shine, K. P. and Rickaby, J. A. (1989) Solar radiative heating due to absorption by ozone, in Proceedings of Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, A. Deepak, Hampton, Va., 597-600.
41. von der Gathen, P., Rex, M., Harris, N. R. P., Lucie, D., Knudsen., B. M., Braathen, G. O., De Backer, H., Fabian, R., Fast, H., Gil, M., Kyrö, E., Mikkelsen, I. S., Rummukainen, M., Stähelin, J., and Varotsos, C., (1995) Observational evidence for chemical ozone depletion over the Arctic in winter 1991-92, Nature, 375, 131-134.
42. Waters, J. W., Froidevaux, L., Read, W. G., Manney, G. L., Elson, L. S., Flower, D. A., Jamot, R. F., and Harwood, R. S. (1993) Stratospheric ClO and ozone from the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, Nature, 362, 597-602.
43. Waters, J. W., Manney, G. L., Read, W. G., Froidevaux, L., Flower, D. A., and Jarnot, R. F. (1995) UARS MLS observations of lower stratospheric ClO in the 1992-93 and 1993-94 Arctic winter vortices, Geophys Res. Lett., 22, 823-826.