Community history and rural development: Why some farmers participate more readily than others

Agricultural Systems

Volumn 59, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 193-214

  Walters, B B ^a   Cadelina, A ^b   Cardano, A ^c   Visitacion, E ^c  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b SILLIMAN UNIVERSITY   (Philippines)

^c Dept of Environ and Nat Resources ^*  (Philippines)

Author keywords

Community participation; Philippines; Reforestation; Research extension methods; Rural development; Soil conservation

Indexed keywords

FARMERS ATTITUDE; LOCAL PARTICIPATION; RURAL DEVELOPMENT; SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS; TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE;

PHILIPPINES;

EID: 0033022794     PISSN: 0308521X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0308-521X(99)00003-7     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Adelman, I., Morris, C.T., 1997. Editorial: development history and its implications for development theory. World Development 25, 831-840.
2. Amacher, G.S., Hyde, W.F., Mohammed, R., 1993. Local adoption of new forestry technologies: an example from Pakistan's northwest frontier province. World Development 21, 445-453.
3. Arnold, J.E.M., 1995. Framing the issues. In: Arnold, J.E.M., Dewees, P.A. (Eds.), Tree Management in Farmer Strategies: Responses to Agricultural Intensification. Oxford, New York, pp. 3-17.
4. Axelrod, R., 1984. The Evolution of Cooperation. Basic Books, New York.
5. Balisacan, A.M., 1992. Rural poverty in the Philippines: incidence, determinants and policies. Asian Development Review 10, 125-163.
6. Barlett, P.F., 1980. Adaptive strategies in peasant agricultural production. Annual Review of Anthropology 9, 545-573.
7. Bautista, G.M., 1990. The forestry crisis in the Philippines: nature, causes and issues. The Developing Economies 28 (1), 67-94.
8. Beebe, J., 1994. The concept of the average farmer and putting the farmer first. Journal of Farming Systems Research -Extension 4, 1-16.
9. Biggs, S.D., 1995. Farming systems research and rural poverty: relationships between context and content. Agricultural Systems 47, 161-174.
10. Box, L., 1989. Virgilio's theorem: a method for adaptive agricultural research. In: Chambers, R., Pacey, A., Thrupp, L.A. (Eds.), Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and Agricultural Research. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, pp. 61-67.
11. Brown, P., Brookfield, H., Gran, R., 1990. Land tenure and transfer in Chimbu, Papua New Guinea: 1958-1984 - a study of continuity and change, accommodation and opportunism. Human Ecology 18, 21-49.
12. Cadelina, R.V., 1985. Social forestry program prospects and implications on the community and household levels. In: Proceedings of the First Asian Forestry Congress (Book III). ASEAN, Manila, pp. 770-781.
13. Cancian, F., 1989. Economic behavior in peasant communities. In: Plattner, S. (Ed.), Economic Anthropology. Stanford University Press, Standford, pp. 127-170.
14. Cernea, M., 1989. User Groups as Producers in Participatory Afforestation Strategies. World Bank Discussion Papers, No. 70. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
15. Chambers, R., 1986. Normal Professionalism, New Paradigms and Development. IDS Discussion Paper, Vol. 227. University of Sussex, Sussex.
16. Chambers, R., 1994. The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal. World Development 22, 953-969.
17. Chambers, R., Pacey, A., Thrupp, L.A., 1989. Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and Agricultural Research. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
18. Colson, E., 1979. In good years and in bad: food strategies for self-reliant societies. Journal of Anthropological Research 35, 18-29.
19. Colson, E., 1984. The reordering of experience: anthropological involvement with time. Journal of Anthropological Research 40, 1-13.
20. Cornell, S., Gil-Swedberg, M.C., 1995. Sociohistorical factors in institutional efficacy: economic development in three American Indian cases. Economic Development and Cultural Change 43, 239-268.
21. Cornwall, A., Guijt, I., Welbourn, A., 1994. Acknowledging process: methodological challenges for agricultural research and extension. In: Scoones, I., Thompson, J. (Eds.), Beyond Farmer First. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, pp. 98-117.
22. Cronon, W., 1993. The uses of environmental history. Environmental History Review 17, 1-22.
23. Cruz, M.C.J., Zosa-Feranil, I., Goce, C., 1986. Population pressure and migration: implications for upland development in the Philippines. Working Paper, No. 86-06. Philippine Institute for Development Studies and Centre for Policy and Development Studies, Manila.
24. Current, D., Lutz, E., Scherr, S., 1995. Costs, Benefits, and Farmer Adoption of Agroforestry. World Bank Environment Paper, No. 14. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
25. Dove, M.R., 1992. Forester's beliefs about farmers: a priority for social science research in social forestry. Agroforestry Systems 17, 13-41.
26. Duenas, M., 1991. Tragedy in Ormoc: killer flood. Philippine Free Press 133(47) (November 23), 4,21.
27. Falconer, J., 1987. Forestry extension: a review of the key issues. ODI Social Forestry Network Paper, No. 4e. Overseas Development Institute, London.
28. Fearon, J.D., 1990. Counterfactuals and hypothesis testing in political science. World Politics 43, 169-195.
29. Feder, G., Just, R.E., Zilberman, D., 1985. Adoption of agricultural innovations in developing countries: a survey. Economic Development and Cultural Change 33, 255-298.
30. Fortmann, L., 1985. The tree tenure factor in agroforestry with particular reference to Africa. Agroforestry Systems 2, 229-251.
31. Fortmann, L., Rocheleau, D., 1985. Women and agroforestry: four myths and three case studies. Agroforestry Systems 2, 253-272.
32. Godoy, R.A., 1992. Determinants of smallholder commercial tree cultivation. World Development 20, 713-725.
33. Guggenheim, S., Spears, J., 1991. Sociological and environmental dimensions of social forestry projects. In: Cernea, M. (Ed.), Putting People First: Sociological Variables in Rural Development, 2nd Edition. The World Bank and Oxford University Press, Washington, DC, pp. 304-339.
34. Hildebrand, P.E., 1986a. Perspectives on Farming Systems Research and Extension. Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO.
35. Hildebrand, P.E., 1986b. The concept of 'homogeneous systems' and its usefulness. In: Hildebrand, P.E. (Ed.), Perspectives on Farming Systems Research and Extension. Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO, pp. 52-53.
36. Hirschman, A.O., 1984. Getting Ahead Collectively: Grassroots Experiences in Latin America. Pergamon, New York.
37. Hyman, E.L., 1983. Smallholder tree farming in the Philippines: a comparison of two credit programs. Unasylva 35 (139), 25-31.
38. Ison, R.L., Maiteny, P.T., Carr, S., 1997. Systems methodologies for sustainable natural resources research and development. Agricultural Systems 55, 257-272.
39. Jones, J.R., Wallace, B.J., 1986a. Social Sciences and Farming Systems Research. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
40. Jones, J.R., Wallace, B.J., 1986b. Social Science in Farming Systems Research. In: Jones, J.R., Wallace, B.J. (Eds.), Social Sciences and Farming Systems Research. Westview Press, Boulder, CO, pp. 1-20.
41. Jones, J.G.W., Street, P.R., 1990. Systems Theory Applied to Agriculture and the Food Chain. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
42. Korten, D.C., 1980. Community organization and rural development: a learning process approach. The Public Administration Review 40, 480-511.
43. Kummer, D.M., 1991. Deforestation in the Postwar Philippines. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
44. Kummer, D., Concepcion, R., Canizares, B., 1994. Environmental degradation in the uplands of Cebu. The Geographical Review 84, 266-276.
45. Landes, D.S., 1998. The Wealth and Poverty of Nations. W.W. Norton, New York.
46. Low, A.R.C., 1994. Environmental and economic dilemmas for farm-households in Africa: when 'low-input sustainable agriculture' translates to 'high-cost unsustainable livelihoods'. Environmental Conservation 21, 220-224.
47. Mikkelsen, B., 1994. Methods for Development Work and Research: A Guide for Practitioners. Sage, London.
48. Montes, M.F., Lim, J.Y., 1996. Macroeconomic volatility, investment anemia and environmental struggles in the Philippines. World Development 24, 341-357.
49. Myers, N., 1988. Environmental degradation and some economic consequences in the Philippines. Environmental Conservation 15, 205-214.
50. Netting, R.McC., 1993. Smallholders, Householders: Farm Families and the Ecology of Intensive, Sustainable Agriculture. Stanford University Press, Standford.
51. North, D.C., 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge University Press, New York.
52. Ostrom, E., 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press, New York.
53. Payuan, E.V., 1985. Social forestry in the Philippines. In: Proceedings of the First Asian Forestry Congress (Book III). ASEAN, Manila, pp. 647-659.
54. Peluso, N.L., 1992. Rich Forests, Poor People. University of California Press, Berkeley.
55. Putnam, R.D., 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
56. Raintree, J.B., 1987. Land, Trees and Tenure. International Council for Research on Agroforestry: Nairobi and the Land Tenure Centre, Madison, WI.
57. Rudel, T.K., 1995. When do property rights matter? Open access, informal social controls, and deforestation in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Human Organization 54, 187-194.
58. Rudel, T.K., Horowitz, B., 1993. Tropical Deforestation: Small Farmers and Land Clearing in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Columbia University Press, New York.
59. Sain, G.E., Barreto, H.J., 1996. The adoption of soil conservation technology in El Salvador: linking productivity and conservation. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 51, 313-321.
60. Scoones, I., Thompson, J., 1994. Beyond Farmer First. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
61. Shaner, W.W., Philipp, P.F., Schmehl, W.R., 1982. Farming Systems Research and Development: Guidelines for Developing Countries. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
62. Sowell, T., 1996. Migrations and Cultures: A World View. Basic Books, New York.
63. Taylor, P., Garcia-Barrios, R., 1995. The social analysis of ecological change: from systems to intersecting processes. Social Science Information 34, 5-30.
64. Tendler, J., 1989. Whatever happened to poverty alleviation? World Development 17, 1033-1044.
65. Tendler, J., 1993. Tales of dissemination in small-farm agriculture: lessons for institution builders. World Development 21, 1567-1582.
66. Thacher, T., Lee, D.R., Schelhas, J.W., 1997. Farmer participation in reforestation incentive programs in Costa Rica. Agroforestry Systems 35, 269-289.
67. Uphoff, N., 1986. Local Institutional Development: An Analytical Sourcebook, with Cases. Kumarian Press, West Hartford, CT.
68. Uphoff, N., 1991. Fitting projects to people. In: Cernea, M. (Ed.), Putting People First: Sociological Variables in Rural Development, 2nd Edition. The World Bank and Oxford University Press, Washington, DC, pp. 467-511.
69. Vayda, A.P., 1983. Progressive contextualization: methods for research in human ecology. Human Ecology 11, 265-281.
70. Vayda, A.P., 1994. Actions, variations and change: the emerging anti-essentialist view in anthropology. In: Borofsky, R. (Ed.), Assessing Cultural Anthropology. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 320-330.
71. Vayda, A.P., 1996. Methods and Explanations in the Study of Human Actions and their Environmental Effects. CIFOR/ WWF Special Publication. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.
72. Vayda, A.P., Sahur, A., 1985. Forest clearing and pepper farming by Bugis migrants in East Kalimantan: antecedents and impacts. Indonesia 39, 93-110.
73. Walters, B.B., 1994a. Strategic issues for the Bais Bay Basin Development Action Program, Negros Oriental: looking back and to the future. Silliman Journal 34, 1-8.
74. Walters, B.B., 1994b. Process documentation and analysis of the first phase of the Development Action Program of the Bais Bay Basin, Philippines. ERMP Reports, No. 11. Environment and Resource Management Project, Halifax, Canada and Laguna, Philippines.
75. Walters, B.B., 1995. People, policies and resources: mangrove restoration and conservation in the Bais Bay Basin, Negros Oriental and wider Philippine context. In: Juinio-Menez, M.A., Newkirk, G.F. (Eds.), Philippine Coastal Resources Under Stress. Coastal Resources Research Network, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; and Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines, pp. 151-165.
76. Walters, B.B., 1997. Human ecological questions for tropical restoration: experiences from planting native upland trees and mangroves in the Philippines. Forest Ecology and Management 99, 275-290.
77. Walters, B.B., Cadelina, A.M, Cardano, A., Visitacion, E., 1994. Watershed restoration and protection in the Bais Bay Basin, Philippines. ERMP Reports, No. 12. Environment and Resource Management Project, Halifax, Canada and Laguna, Philippines.
78. White, T.A., 1992a. Peasant initiative for soil conservation: case studies of recent technical and social innovations from Maissade, Haiti. Working Paper, No. 3. The Environmental and Natural Resources Policy and Training Project, Madison, WI.
79. White, T.A., 1992b. Peasant cooperation for watershed management in Maissade, Haiti: factors associated with participation. Working Paper, No. 4. The Environmental and Natural Resources Policy and Training Project, Madison, WI.
80. White, T.A., Runge, C.F., 1994. Common property and collective action: lessons from cooperative watershed management in Haiti. Economic Development and Cultural Change 43, 1-41.