Precipitation scrubbing of aerial plankton: Inferences from bird behavior

Oecologia

Volumn 118, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 381-387

  Russell, R W ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerial plankton; Flight behavior; Gust front; Insectivorous birds; Precipitation scrubbing

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; BIRD; INSECT; PLANKTON;

EID: 0033021261     PISSN: 00298549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s004420050739     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Bathmann UV, Noji TT, Bedungen B von (1991) Sedimentation of pteropods in the Norwegian Sea. Deep Sea Res 38:1341-1360
2. Batschelet E (1981) Circular statistics in biology. Academic Press, London
3. Brock FV, Saum GH, Semmer SR (1986) Portable automated Mesonet II. J Atmos Ocean Technol 3:573-582
4. Dickison RBB, Haggis MJ, Rainey RC (1983) Spruce budworm moth flight and storms: case study of a cold front system. J Climate Appl Meteorol 22:278-286
5. Drake VA, Farrow RA (1989) The 'aerial plankton' and atmospheric convergence. Trends Ecol Evol 4:381-385
6. Edwards JS (1986) Derelicts of dispersal: arthropod fallout on Pacific northwest volcanoes. In: Danthanarayana W (ed) Insect flight: dispersal and migration. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 196-203
7. Edwards JS, Banko PC (1976) Arthropod fallout and nutrient transport: a quantitative study of Alaskan snowpatches. Arct Alpine Res 8:237-245
8. Greenbank DO, Schaefer GW, Rainey RC (1980) Spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) moth flight and dispersal: new understanding from canopy observations, radar, and aircraft. Mem Entomol Soc Can 110:1-49
9. Greenstone MH (1990) Meteorological determinants of spider ballooning: the roles of thermals vs. the vertical windspeed gradient in becoming airborne. Oecologia 84:164-168
10. Greenstone MH, Morgan CE, Hultsch A-L, Farrow RA, Dowse JE (1987) Ballooning spiders in Missouri, USA, and New South Wales, Australia: family and mass distributions. J Arachnol 15:163-170
11. Johnson CG (1957a) The distribution of insects in the air and the empirical relation of density to height. J Anim Ecol 26:479-494
12. Johnson CG (1957b) The vertical distribution of aphids in the air and the temperature lapse rate. Q J R Meteorol Soc 83:194-201
13. Johnson DT, Croft BA (1976) Laboratory study of the dispersal behavior of Amblyseius fallacis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae). Environ Entomol 69:1019-1023
14. Klingle DL, Smith DR, Wolfson MM (1987) Gust front characteristics as detected by Doppler radar. Mon Wea Rev 115:905-918
15. Mahoney WP III (1988) Gust front characteristics and the kinematics associated with interacting thunderstorm outflows. Mon Weather Rev 116:1474-1491
16. Mann DH, Edwards JS, Gara RI (1980) Diel activity patterns in snowfield foraging invertebrates on Mount Rainier, Washington. Arct Alpine Res 12:359-368
17. Margolies DC (1987) Conditions eliciting aerial dispersal behavior in Banks grass mite, Oligonychus pratensis (Acari: Tetranychidae). Environ Entomol 16:928-932
18. Nault LR, Styer WE (1969) The dispersal of Aceria tulipae and three other grass-infesting eriophyid mites in Ohio. Ann Entomol Soc Am 62:1446-1455
19. Pedgley DE (1982) Windborne pests and diseases: meteorology of airborne organisms. Halsted, New York
20. Richter CJJ (1970) Aerial dispersal in relation to habitat in eight wolf spider species (Pardosa, Araneae, Lycosidae). Oecologia 5:200-214
21. Riley JR (1985) Radar cross section of insects. Proc IEEE 73:228-232
22. Russell RW (1994) Explorations in aeolian ecology: radar and visual studies of the aerofauna during the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification (CaPE) Experiment. PhD thesis, University of California, Irvine
23. Russell RW, Wilson JW (1996) Aerial plankton detected by radar. Nature 381:200-201
24. Russell RW, Wilson JW (1997) Radar-observed "fine lines" in the optically clear boundary layer: reflectivity contributions from aerial plankton and its predators. Boundary Layer Meteorol 82:235-262
25. Smitley DR, Kennedy GG (1985) Photo-oriented aerial-dispersal behavior of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) enhances escape from the leaf surface. Ann Entomol Soc Am 78:609-614
26. Spalding JB (1979) The aeolian ecology of White Mountain Peak, California: windblown insect fauna. Arct Alpine Res 11:83-94
27. Stull RB (1988) An introduction to boundary layer meteorology. Kluwer, Dordrecht
28. Taylor RAJ, Reling D (1986) Density/height profile and long-range dispersal of first-instar gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Environ Entomol 15:431-435
29. Vaughn CR (1985) Birds and insects as radar targets: a review. Proc IEEE 73:205-227
30. Vugts HF, Van Wingerden WKRE (1976) Meteorological aspects of aeronautic behaviour of spiders. Oikos 27:433-444
31. Wakimoto RM (1982) The life cycle of thunderstorm gust fronts as viewed with Doppler radar and rawinsonde data. Mon Weather Rev 110:1060-1082
32. Washburn JO, Washburn L (1984) Active aerial dispersal of minute wingless arthropods: exploitation of boundary-layer velocity gradients. Science 223:1088-1089
33. Wellington WG, Henson WR (1947) Notes on the effects of physical factors on the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Can Entomol 79:168-170
34. Wilson JW, Schreiber WE (1986) Initiation of convective storms at radar-observed boundary-layer convergence lines. Mon Weather Rev 114:2516-2536
35. Wilson JW, Weckwerth TM, Vivekanandan J, Wakimoto RM, Russell RW (1994) Boundary layer clear-air radar echoes: origin of echoes and accuracy of derived winds. J Atmos Ocean Technol 11:1184-1206
36. Wolf WW, Vaughn CR, Harris R, Loper GM (1993) Insect radar cross-sections for aerial density measurements and target classification. Trans ASAE 36:949-954