Animal husbandry and agricultural improvement: The archaeological evidence from animal bones and teeth

Rural History

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 1-17

  Davis, Simon J M ^b   Beckett, John V ^b  

^a ENGLISH HERITAGE   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY; LIVESTOCK FARMING;

ENGLAND; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0033018619     PISSN: 09567933     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0956793300001667     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Eric Kerridge, The Agricultural Revolution (London, 1967 ; Joan Thirsk, England 's Agricultural Regions and Agrarian History, 1500-1750 (London, 1987); J. V. Beckett, The Agricultural Revolution (Oxford, 1990).
2. Eric Kerridge, The Agricultural Revolution (London, 1967 ; Joan Thirsk, England 's Agricultural Regions and Agrarian History, 1500-1750 (London, 1987); J. V. Beckett, The Agricultural Revolution (Oxford, 1990).
3. Eric Kerridge, The Agricultural Revolution (London, 1967 ; Joan Thirsk, England 's Agricultural Regions and Agrarian History, 1500-1750 (London, 1987); J. V. Beckett, The Agricultural Revolution (Oxford, 1990).
4. J. Thirsk (ed), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume IV, 1500-1640 (Cambridge, 1967); Volume V (Cambridge, 1984-5; G. E. Mingay (ed), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume VI, 1750-1850 (Cambridge, 1989).
5. J. Thirsk (ed), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume IV, 1500-1640 (Cambridge, 1967); Volume V (Cambridge, 1984-5; G. E. Mingay (ed), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume VI, 1750-1850 (Cambridge, 1989).
6. J. Thirsk (ed), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume IV, 1500-1640 (Cambridge, 1967); Volume V (Cambridge, 1984-5; G. E. Mingay (ed), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume VI, 1750-1850 (Cambridge, 1989).
7. M. Overton, Agricultural Revolution in England: The Transformation of the Agrarian Economy 1500-1850 (Cambridge, 1996), p. 115.
8. B. M. S. Campbell and M. Overton, 'A New Perspective on Medieval and Early Modern Agriculture: Six Centuries of Norfolk Farming, c.1250-c.1850', Past and Present, 141 (1993).
9. Campbell and Overton, 'New Perspective', pp. 74, 83, 88. However, R. C. Allen has argued that late early-modern yields were a good deal higher than medieval levels.
10. Campbell and Overton, 'New Perspective'.
11. Overton, Agricultural Revolution, p. 115.
12. G. E. Fussell, 'The Size of English Cattle in the Eighteenth Century', Agricultural History, 3, 1929, 160-81.
13. G. E. Fussell, 'Animal Husbandry in Eighteenth Century England, Part 1', Agricultural History, (April 1937), 96-116; 'Part 2', ibid, (July 1937), 189-214.
14. G. E. Fussell, 'Animal Husbandry in Eighteenth Century England, Part 1', Agricultural History, (April 1937), 96-116; 'Part 2', ibid, (July 1937), 189-214.
15. Fussell, 'Animal Husbandry Part 1', p. 96.
16. Ibid, p. 97
17. N. Russell, Like Engend'ring Like: Heredity and Animal Breeding in Early Modern England (Cambridge, 1986).
18. R. Trow Smith, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700 (London, 1957); A History of British Livestock Husbandry, 1700-1900 (London, 1959); E. L. Jones, The Development of English Agriculture 815-1873 (London, 1968).
19. R. Trow Smith, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700 (London, 1957); A History of British Livestock Husbandry, 1700-1900 (London, 1959); E. L. Jones, The Development of English Agriculture 815-1873 (London, 1968).
20. R. Trow Smith, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700 (London, 1957); A History of British Livestock Husbandry, 1700-1900 (London, 1959); E. L. Jones, The Development of English Agriculture 815-1873 (London, 1968).
21. Mingay, Agrarian History, pp. 313-51.
22. Ibid, pp. 313-51, 973 passim.
23. Philip L. Armitage, 'A Preliminary Description of British Cattle from the Late Twelfth to the Early Sixteenth Century', The Ark, 7 (1980), 405-13.
24. Umberto Albarella and Simon J. M. Davis, 'Mammals and Birds from Launceston Castle, Cornwall: Decline in Status and the Rise of Agriculture', Circaea , 12, 1996, 1-156.
25. Kerridge, The Agricultural Revolution; Thirsk, England's Agricultural Regions and Agrarian History, 1500-1750.
26. Kerridge, The Agricultural Revolution; Thirsk, England's Agricultural Regions and Agrarian History, 1500-1750.
27. Simon J. M. Davis, Saxon and Medieval Animal Bones from Burystead and Langham Road, Northants; 1984-1987 Excavations, HBMC AM Laboratory report 71/92, 1992; Umberto Albarella, Mark Beech and Jacqui Mulville, The Saxon, Medieval and Post-Medieval Mammal and Bird Bones Excavated 1989-1991 from Castle Mall, Norwich (Norfolk), (1997 HBMC AM Laboratory report 72/97).
28. Simon J. M. Davis, Saxon and Medieval Animal Bones from Burystead and Langham Road, Northants; 1984-1987 Excavations, HBMC AM Laboratory report 71/92, 1992; Umberto Albarella, Mark Beech and Jacqui Mulville, The Saxon, Medieval and Post-Medieval Mammal and Bird Bones Excavated 1989-1991 from Castle Mall, Norwich (Norfolk), (1997 HBMC AM Laboratory report 72/97).
29. H. E. Hallam (ed.), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, volume II, 1042-1350 (Cambridge, 1986); E. Miller (ed.), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, volume III, 1348-1500 (Cambridge, 1991).
30. H. E. Hallam (ed.), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, volume II, 1042-1350 (Cambridge, 1986); E. Miller (ed.), The Agrarian History of England and Wales, volume III, 1348-1500 (Cambridge, 1991).
31. Brian Connell, Simon Davis and Alison Locker, The Post-Medieval Animal Bones from Camber Castle, East Sussex, excavated 1963-1983 (HBMC AM Laboratory report 107/97, 1997)
32. R. Carew, The Survey of Cornwall, 1602, pp. 23-4.
33. D. Defoe, A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain [1724] (London, 1962); Thomas Davis, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Wiltshire (London, 1794).
34. D. Defoe, A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain [1724] (London, 1962); Thomas Davis, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Wiltshire (London, 1794).
35. Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle' measured over three and a half thousand bones and teeth. Statistical tests revealed a significant difference in the average size of cattle teeth and bones and sheep bones between the mid-late fifteenth century and the sixteenth-seventeenth century at Launceston.
36. Simon J. M. Davis, Faunal Remains from Closegate I & II Newcastle, Tyne and Wear, 1988 & 1990 excavations HBMC AM Laboratory report 81/91, 1991; Richard Fraser, Caroline Jamfrey and John Vaughan, 'Excavation on the site of the Mansion House, Newcastle, 1990', Archaeologia Aeliana, fifth series, 23, 1995.
37. Simon J. M. Davis, Faunal Remains from Closegate I & II Newcastle, Tyne and Wear, 1988 & 1990 excavations HBMC AM Laboratory report 81/91, 1991; Richard Fraser, Caroline Jamfrey and John Vaughan, 'Excavation on the site of the Mansion House, Newcastle, 1990', Archaeologia Aeliana, fifth series, 23, 1995.
38. Simon J. M. Davis, Prudhoe Castle, A Report on the Animal Remains, HBMC AM Laboratory report 162/87, 1987.
39. Umberto Albarella, Mark Beech and Jacqui Mulville, Norwich (1997).
40. Keith Dobney, Deborah Jaques and Brian Irving, Of Butchers and Breeds: The Vertebrate Remains from Excavations in the City of Lincoln (1972-1989) (Lincoln, 1996) Lincoln Archaeological Trust.
41. Mark Maltby, The Animal Bones from Exeter 1971-1975, Exeter Archaeological reports, 2 (Sheffield University, Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, 1979).
42. Jonathan M. Holmes, 'Report on the Animal Bones from the Resonance Chambers of the Whitefriars Church, Coventry', in C. Woodfield, 'Finds from the Free Grammar School at the Whitefriars, Coventry, c.1545-c.1557/58', Post-Medieval Archaeology 15 (1981), 81-159.
43. Sue Stallibrass, 'The Animal Bones', in C. Scull, 'Excavations in the Cloister of St. Frideswide's Priory, 1985', Oxoniensia 53 (1988), 56-60.
44. Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'. See also Umberto Albarella, 'Shape Variation of Cattle Metapodials: Age, Sex or Breed? Some Examples from Medieval and Post-Medieval Sites'. Anthropozoologica 25-26 (1997) 37-47.
45. Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'. See also Umberto Albarella, 'Shape Variation of Cattle Metapodials: Age, Sex or Breed? Some Examples from Medieval and Post-Medieval Sites'. Anthropozoologica 25-26 (1997) 37-47.
46. Magnus Degerbøl, 'Prehistoric Cattle in Denmark and Adjacent Areas', in A. E. Mourant and F. E. Zeuner (eds), Man and Cattle: Proceedings of a Symposium on Domestication at the Royal Anthropological Institute 24-26 May 1960 (1963), 69-79 (Occasional Paper no. 18 of the Royal Anthropological Institute, London).
47. Tøve Hatting, 'Osteological Investigations on Ovis aries L', Dansk Naturhistorisk Førening 144 (1983), 115-35.
48. Simon J. M. Davis, 'The Effect of Castration on the Development of the Shetland Sheep Skeleton and a Biometric Comparison Between Males, Females and Castrates' (in preparation).
49. Gervase Markham, The English House-Wife, containing the inward and outward vertues which ought to be in a compleate woman (1637), p. 190.
50. Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'.
51. Annie Grant, 'Animal Resources', in G. Astill and A. Grant (eds), The Countryside of Medieval England (Oxford, 1988) pp. 149-261, especially p. 156.
52. Trow-Smith, History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700.
53. Maltby, Exeter
54. N. J. L. Griffith, P. L. J. Halstead, A. MacLean and P. A. Rowley-Conwy, 'Faunal Remains and Economy' in P. Mayes and L. A. S. Butler, Sandal Castle Excavations 1964-1973 (Wakefield, 1983), pp. 341-8.
55. Terry P. O'Connor, 'Bone Assemblages from Monastic Sites: Many Questions but few Data', in R. Gilchrist and H. Mytum (eds), Advances in Monastic Archaeology, (Oxford, 1993) BAR British series 227, p. 109; Dobney, et al, Lincoln ; Albarella et al. Norwich ; Connell, Davis and Locker, 'Camber'; Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'.
56. Terry P. O'Connor, 'Bone Assemblages from Monastic Sites: Many Questions but few Data', in R. Gilchrist and H. Mytum (eds), Advances in Monastic Archaeology, (Oxford, 1993) BAR British series 227, p. 109; Dobney, et al, Lincoln; Albarella et al. Norwich; Connell, Davis and Locker, 'Camber'; Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'.
57. Terry P. O'Connor, 'Bone Assemblages from Monastic Sites: Many Questions but few Data', in R. Gilchrist and H. Mytum (eds), Advances in Monastic Archaeology, (Oxford, 1993) BAR British series 227, p. 109; Dobney, et al, Lincoln; Albarella et al. Norwich; Connell, Davis and Locker, 'Camber'; Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'.
58. Terry P. O'Connor, 'Bone Assemblages from Monastic Sites: Many Questions but few Data', in R. Gilchrist and H. Mytum (eds), Advances in Monastic Archaeology, (Oxford, 1993) BAR British series 227, p. 109; Dobney, et al, Lincoln; Albarella et al. Norwich; Connell, Davis and Locker, 'Camber'; Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'.
59. Terry P. O'Connor, 'Bone Assemblages from Monastic Sites: Many Questions but few Data', in R. Gilchrist and H. Mytum (eds), Advances in Monastic Archaeology, (Oxford, 1993) BAR British series 227, p. 109; Dobney, et al, Lincoln; Albarella et al. Norwich; Connell, Davis and Locker, 'Camber'; Albarella and Davis, 'Launceston Castle'.
60. Kerridge, Agricultural Revolution; Christopher Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c.1520 : Preparations for the Agricultural Revolution (Oxford, 1981) Dugdale Society Occasional papers no. 27; Bruce M. S. Campbell and Mark Overton, 'Norfolk Livestock Farming 1250-1740: A Comparative Study of Manorial Accounts and Probate Inventories', Journal of Historical Geography, 18 (1992), 377-96.
61. Kerridge, Agricultural Revolution; Christopher Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c.1520 : Preparations for the Agricultural Revolution (Oxford, 1981) Dugdale Society Occasional papers no. 27; Bruce M. S. Campbell and Mark Overton, 'Norfolk Livestock Farming 1250-1740: A Comparative Study of Manorial Accounts and Probate Inventories', Journal of Historical Geography, 18 (1992), 377-96.
62. Kerridge, Agricultural Revolution; Christopher Dyer, Warwickshire Farming 1349-c.1520 : Preparations for the Agricultural Revolution (Oxford, 1981) Dugdale Society Occasional papers no. 27; Bruce M. S. Campbell and Mark Overton, 'Norfolk Livestock Farming 1250-1740: A Comparative Study of Manorial Accounts and Probate Inventories', Journal of Historical Geography, 18 (1992), 377-96.
63. Overton, Agricultural Revolution, p. 115.
64. M. E. Turner, J. V. Beckett and B. Afton, 'Taking Stock: Farmers, Farm Records and Agricultural Output in England, 1700-1850', Agricultural History Review, 44 (1996), 21-34.