Immigration and gene flow in a northern willow tit (Parus montanus) population

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 283-295

  Orell, M ^a   Lahti, K ^a   Koivula, K ^a   Rytkonen S ^a   Welling, P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

Author keywords

Breeding and natal dispersal; Local recruitment; Random mating; Reproductive success; Survival

Indexed keywords

GENE FLOW; IMMIGRATION; PASSERINE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SURVIVAL;

PARUS MONTANUS;

EID: 0033008703     PISSN: 1010061X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.1999.00030.x     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Aalto, P., Ader, A., Baumanis, J., Busse, B., Latja, A., Leivits, A., Miettinen, J., Ojanen, M., Pakkala, H., Tynjälä, M. & Vilbaste, E. 1997. Autumn migration of the willow tit (Parus montanus). Ring 17: 5-11.
2. Arcese, P. 1989. Intrasexual competition, mating system and natal dispersal in song sparrows. Anim. Behav. 38: 958-979.
3. Arcese, P. & Smith, J.N.M. 1985. Phenotypic correlates and ecological consequences of dominance in song sparrows. J. Anim. Ecol. 54: 817-830.
4. Avise, J.C. 1994. Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution. Chapman and Hall, New York.
5. van Balen, J.H. 1980. Population fluctuation of the Great Tit and feeding conditions in winter. Ardea 68: 143-164.
6. Barrowclough, G.F. 1978. Sampling bias in dispersal studies based on finite area. Bird Banding 49: 333-341.
7. Blondel, J., Pradel, R. & Lebreton, J.-D. 1992. Low fecundity insular blue tits do not survive better as adults than high fecundity mainland ones. J. Anim. Ecol. 61: 205-213.
8. Breitwisch, R. 1989. Mortality Patterns, Sex Ratios, and Parental Investment in Monogamous Birds. Current Ornithology, Vol. 6: pp. 1-50. Plenum Press, New York.
9. Burnham, K.P., Anderson, D.R., White, G.C., Brownie, C. & Pollock, K.H. 1987. Design and analysis methods for fish survival experiments based on release-recapture. American Fisheries Society Monograph 5. Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
10. Chevillon, C., Pasteur, N., Marquine, M., Heyse, D. & Raymond, M. 1995. Population structure and dynamics of selected genes in the mosquito Culex pipiens. Evolution 49: 997-1007.
11. Clobert, J., Lebreton, J.-D. & Allaine, D. 1987. A general approach to survival rate estimation by recaptures or resightings of marked birds. Ardea 75: 113-142.
12. Clobert, J., Perrins, C.M., McCleery, R.H. & Gosler, A.G. 1988. Survival rate in the great tit Parus major in relation to sex, age, and immigration status. J. Anim. Ecol. 57: 287-306.
13. Glutton-Brock, T.H., Albon, S.D. & Guinness, P.E. 1984. Maternal dominance, breeding success, and birth sex ratios in red deer. Nature 308: 358-360.
14. Cormack, R.M. 1964. Estimates of survival from sighting of marked animals. Biometrika 51: 429-438.
15. Crawley, M.J. 1993. GLIM for Ecologists. Blackwell, Oxford.
16. Dhondt, A.A. 1979. Summer dispersal and survival of juvenile great tits in southern Sweden. Oecologia 42: 139-157.
17. Dhondt, A.A., Adriaensen, F., Matthysen, E. & Kempenaers, B. 1990. Nonadaptive clutch size in tits. Nature 348: 723-725.
18. Drent, P. 1984. Mortality and dispersal in summer and its consequences for the density of great tits Parus major at the onset of autumn. Ardea 72: 127-162.
19. Ehrlich, P.R. & Raven, P.H. 1969. Differentiation of populations. Science 165: 1228-1232.
20. Ekman, J. 1979. Coherence, composition and territories of winter social group of the willow tit Parus montanus and the crested tit P. cristatus. Omis Scandinavica 10: 56-68.
21. Garnett, M.C. 1981. Body size, its heritability and influence on juvenile survival among great tits, Parus major. Ibis 123: 31-41.
22. Greenwood, P.J. 1980. Mating systems, philopatry, and dispersal in birds and mammals. Anim. Behav. 28: 1140-1162.
23. Greenwood, P.J., Harvey, P.H. & Perrins, C.M. 1979a. Mate selection in the great tit Parus major in relation to age, status and natal dispersal. Ornis Fenn. 56: 75-86.
24. Greenwood, P.J., Harvey, P.H. & Perrins, C.M. 1979b. The role of dispersal in the great tit (Parus major): the causes, consequences and heritability of natal dispersal. J. Anim. Ecol. 48: 123-142.
25. Haftorn, S. 1990. Social organization of winter flocks of willow tits Parus montanus in a Norwegian subalpine birch forest. In: Population Biology of Passerine Birds. An Integrated Approach. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G: Ecological Studies, Vol. 24 (J. Blondel, A. Gosler, J.-L. Lebreton & R. McCleery, eds), pp. 401-413.
26. Haftorn, S. 1997. Natal dispersal and winter flock formation in the Willow Tit Parus montanus. Fauna norw. Ser. C, Cinclus 20: 17-35.
27. Hogstad, O. 1987. Social rank in winter flocks of willow tits, Parus montanus. Ibis 129: 1-9.
28. Huddle, H. 1995. Zur jugendstreuung der Kohlmeise (Parus major). Vogelwarte 38: 1-9.
29. Jennrich, R.I. & Schluchter, M.D. 1986. Unbalanced repeated-measures models with structured covariance matrices. Biometrics 42: 805-820.
30. Johnson, M.I. & Gaines, M. 1990. Evolution of Dispersal. Theoretical Models and Empirical Tests Using Birds and Mammals. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 21: 449-480.
31. Jolly, G.M. 1965. Explicit estimates from capture-recapture data with both death and immigration-stochastic model. Biometrika 52: 225-247.
32. Julliard, R., Perret, P. & Blondel, J. 1996. Reproductive strategies of philopatric and immigrant blue tits. Acta Oecol. 17: 487-501.
33. Kluyver, H.N. 1951. The population ecology of the Great Tit Parus major L. Ardea 39: 1-135.
34. Koivula, K., Lahti, K., Orell, M. & Rytkönen, S. 1993. Prior residency as a key determinant of social dominance in the willow tit (Parus montanus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 33: 283-287.
35. Koivula, K. & Orell, M. 1988. Social rank and winter survival in the willow tit Parus montanus. Ornis Fennica 65: 114-120.
36. Koivula, K., Orell, M. & Rytkönen, S. 1996. Winter survival and breeding success of dominant and subordinate willow tits Parus montanus. Ibis 138: 624-629.
37. Kvist, L., Ruokonen, M., Thessing, A., Lumme, J. & Orell, M. 1998. Mitochondrial control region polymorphism reveal high amount of gene flow in Fennoscandian willow tits (Parus montanus borealis). Hereditas 128: 133-143.
38. Laaksonen, M. & Lehikoinen, E. 1976. Age determinations of willow and crested tit Parus montanus and P. cristatus. Ornis Fennica 53: 9-14.
39. Lawrence, W.S. 1987. Dispersal: an alternative mating tactic conditional on sex ratio and body size. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 21: 367-373.
40. Lebreton, J.-D., Burnham, K.P., Clobert, J. & Anderson, D.R. 1992. Modeling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies. Ecol Monogr 62: 67-118.
41. Lessells, C.M., Mateman, A.C. & Visser, J. 1996. Great tits hatchling sex ratio. J Avian Biol 27: 135-142.
42. Mayr, E. 1970. Populations Speciation and Evolution. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
43. McCleery, R.H. & Clobert, J. 1990. Differences in recruitment of young by immigrant and resident great tits in Wytham wood. In: Population Biology of Passerine Birds. An Integrated Approach. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G: Ecological Studies, Vol. 24 (J. Blondel, A. Gosler, J-L. Lebreton and R. McCleery, eds), pp. 423-440.
44. McPeek, M. & Holt, R.D. 1992. The evolution of dispersal in spatially and temporally varying environments. Am. Nat. 140: 1010-111027.
45. Mindell, D.P. 1997. Avian Molecular Evolution and Systematics. Academic Press, San Diego.
46. Motro, U. 1982. Optimal rates of dispersal. II. Diploid populations. Theor. Popul. Biol. 21: 412-429.
47. Motro, U. 1983. Optimal rates of dispersal. III. Parent-offspring conflict. Theor. Popul. Biol. 23: 159-168.
48. Nilsson, J.-Å. 1989. Establishment of juvenile marsh tits in winter flocks: an experimental study. Anim. Behav. 38: 586-595.
49. Nilsson, J.-Å. & Smith, H.G. 1988. Effects of dispersal date on winter flock establishment and social dominance in marsh tits Parus palustris. J. Anim. Ecol. 57: 917-928.
50. van Noordwijk, A.J. 1984a. Problems in the analysis of dispersal and a critique on its 'heritability' in the great tit. J. Anim. Ecol. 53: 533-544.
51. van Noordwijk, A.J. 1984b. Quantitative genetics in natural populations of birds illustrated with examples from the great tit, Parus major. In: Population Biology and Evolution (K. Wöhrmann & V. Löschke eds), pp. 67-79. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
52. Orell, M. 1989. Population fluctuations and survival of Great Tits Parus major dependent on food supplied by man in winter. Ibis 131: 112-127.
53. Orell, M. & Koivula, K. 1988. Cost of reproduction: parental survival and production of recruits in the willow tit Parus montanus. Oecologia 77: 423-432.
54. Orell, M. & Koivula, K. 1990. Effects of brood size manipulations on adult and juvenile survival and future fecundity in the willow tit Parus montanus. In: Population Biology of Passerine Birds. An Integrated Approach. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G: Ecological Studies, Vol. 24 (J. Blondel, A. Gosler, J-L. Lebreton and R. McCleery, eds), pp. 297-306.
55. Orell, M., Koivula, K., Rytkönen, S. & Lahti, K. 1994a. To breed or not to breed: causes and implications of non-breeding habit in the willow tit Parus montanus. Oecologia 100: 339-346.
56. Orell, M. & Ojanen, M. 1983. Breeding biology and population dynamics of the willow tit Parus montanus. Annal Zool. Fenn. 20: 99-114.
57. Orell, M., Rytkönen, S. & Koivula, K. 1994b. Causes of divorce in the monogamous willow tit, Parus montanus, and consequences for reproductive success. Anim. Behav. 48: 1143-1154.
58. Orell, M., Rytkönen, S., Koivula, K., Lahti, K., Ronkainen, M. & Rahiala, M. 1996. Brood size manipulations within the natural range did not reveal intragenerational cost of reproduction in the willow tit Parus montanus. Ibis 138: 630-637.
59. Perrins, C.M. 1965. Population fluctuations and clutch size in the great tit Parus major L. J. Anim. Ecol. 34: 601-647.
60. Perrins, C.M. 1990. Concluding remarks: Dispersal and gene flow. In: Population Biology of Passerine Birds. An Integrated Approach. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G: Ecological Studies, Vol. 24 (J. Blondel, A. Gosier, J-L. Lebreton and R. McCleery, eds), pp. 475-480.
61. Pradel, R. 1989. User's manual for program SURGE4. CEPE/CNRS, BP 5051, 34033 Montpellier Cédex, France.
62. Pradel, R., Clobert, J. & Lebreton, J.-D. 1990. Recent developments for the analysis of capture-recapture multiple data sets. An example concerning two blue tit populations. The Ring 13: 193-204.
63. Pulliam, H.R. 1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation. Amer. Nat. 132: 652-661.
64. Rockwell, R.F. & Barrowclough, G.F. 1987. Gene flow and genetic structure of populations. In: Avian Genetics. A Population and Ecological Approach (F. Cooke & P. A. Buckley, eds), pp. 223-255. Academic Press, London.
65. Rytkönen, S., Orell, M., Koivula, K. & Soppela, M. 1995. Correlation between two components of parental investment: nest defence intensity and nestling feeding effort of willow tits. Oecologia 104: 386-393.
66. SAS Institute Inc. 1992. SAS Technical Report P-229. SAS/STAT Software: Changes and Enhancements. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
67. Saurola, P. 1981. Recoveries of irruptive willow tits (Parus montanus) ringed in Finland. Lintumies 16: 106-110 (in finnish with English summary).
68. Seber, G.A.F. 1965. A note on the multiple-recapture census. Biometrika 52: 249-259.
69. Slatkin, M. 1985. Gene flow in natural populations. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 16: 393-430.
70. Sokal, R.R. & Rohlf, F.J. 1995. Biometry, the Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. Freeman, New York.
71. Svensson, E. & Nilsson, J.-Å. 1996. Mate quality affects offspring sex ratio in blue tits. Proc. R. Soc. London 263: 357-361.
72. Tinbergen, J.M. & Boerlijst, M.C. 1990. Nestling weight and survival in individual great tits (Parus major). J. Anim. Ecol. 59: 1113-1127.
73. Trivers, R.L. 1972. Parental investment and sexual selection. In: Sexual Selection and the Descend of Man (B. Campbell, ed.), pp. 136-179. Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago.
74. Verhulst, S., Perrins, C.M. & Riddington, R. 1997. Natal dispersal of great tits in a patchy environment. Ecology 78: 864-872.
75. Verhulst, S. & van Eck, H.M. 1996. Gene flow and immigration rate in an island population of great tits. J. Evol. Biol. 9: 771-782.
76. Weatherhead, P.J. & Forbes, M.R.L. 1994. Natal philopatry in passerine birds: genetic or ecological influences? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 5: 426-433.