Population dynamics of Fraxinus nigra in response to flood-level variations, in northwestern Quebec

Ecological Monographs

Volumn 69, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 107-125

  Tardif, Jacques ^a,b   Bergeron, Yves ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WINNIPEG   (Canada)

Author keywords

Black ash; Boreal forest; Dendrochronology; Flood exposure, effects on black ash demography; Fraxinus nigra, Marsh.; Lake Duparquet (Quebec, Canada); Population dynamics of black ash; Radial growth, release and suppression; Regeneration, sexual vs. vegetative

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FOREST; DECIDUOUS TREE; FLOOD; POPULATION DYNAMICS;

CANADA; QUEBEC;

FRAXINUS NIGRA;

EID: 0033005269     PISSN: 00129615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0107:pdofni]2.0.co;2     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Ågren, J., and O. Zackrisson. 1990. Age and size structure of Pinus sylvestris populations on mires in central and northern Sweden. Journal of Ecology 78:1049-1062.
2. Allen, W. T. R. 1964. Break-up and freeze-up dates in Canada. Meteorological Bureau Circular 4116, ICE-17. Transport Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
3. Anonymous. 1947. Regards sur la semaine. La Gazette du Nord, 30 May 1947 : page 24 (column 1). Amos, Quebec, Canada.
4. Apps, M. J., D. T. Price, and J. Wisniewski. 1995. Boreal forests and global change. Water, Air and Soil Pollution. Volume 82. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
5. Baker, W. L. 1990. Climatic and hydrologic effects on the regeneration of Populus angustifolia James along the Animas River, Colorado. Journal of Biogeography 17:59-73.
6. Barnes, W. J. 1985. Population dynamics of woody plants on a river island. Canadian Journal of Botany 63:647-655.
7. Bégin, Y., and S. Payette. 1991. Population structure of lakeshore willows and ice-push events in subarctic Québec, Canada. Holarctic Ecology 14:9-17.
8. Bergeron, Y. 1991. The influence of island and mainland lakeshore landscape on boreal forest fire regimes. Ecology 72:1980-1992.
9. Bergeron, Y., and S. Archambault. 1993. Decreasing frequency of forest fires in the southern boreal zone of Québec and its relation to global warming since the end of the "Little Ice Age." Holocene 3:255-259.
10. Bergeron, Y., and A. Bouchard. 1984. Use of ecological groups in analysis and classification of plants communities in a section of western Québec. Vegetatio 56:45-63.
11. Bergeron, Y., A. Bouchard, P. Gangloff, and C. Camiré. 1983. La classification écologique des milieux forestiers de la partie ouest des cantons d'Hébécourt et de Roquemaure, Abitibi, Québec, Études écologiques 9. Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada.
12. Bergeron, Y., and M. D. Flannigan. 1995. Predicting the effects of climate change on fire frequency in the southeastern Canadian forest. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 82: 437-444.
13. Bergeron, Y., and D. Gagnon. 1987. Age structure of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) at its northern limit in Québec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17:129-137.
14. Bradley, C. E., and D. G. Smith. 1986. Plains cottonwood recruitment and survival on a prairie meandering river floodplain, Milk River, southern Alberta and northern Montana. Canadian Journal of Botany 64:1433-1442.
15. Bradley, R. S., H. F. Diaz, J. K. Eischeid, P. D. Jones, P. M. Kelly, and C. M. Goodess. 1987. Precipitation fluctuations over Northern Hemisphere land areas since the mid-19th century. Science 237:171-175.
16. Broadfoot, W. M., and H. L. Williston. 1973. Flooding effects on southern forests. Journal of Forestry 71:584-587.
17. Butson, R. G., P. Knowles, and R. E. Farmer, Jr. 1987. Age and size structure of marginal disjunct populations of Pinus resinosa. Journal of Ecology 75:685-692.
18. Carleton, T. J., and P. F. Maycock. 1978. Dynamics of the boreal forest south of James Bay. Canadian Journal of Botany 56:1157-1173.
19. Cawker, K. B. 1980. Evidence of climatic control from population age structure of Artemisia tridentata Nutt. in southern British Columbia. Journal of Biogeography 7:237-248.
20. Clark, J. S. 1988. Effect of climate change on fire regimes in northwestern Minnesota. Nature 334:233-235.
21. Dansereau, P. R., and Y. Bergeron. 1993. Fire history in the southern boreal forest of northwestern Québec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23:25-32.
22. DuBarry, A. P., Jr. 1963. Germination of bottomland tree seed while immersed in water. Journal of Forestry 61:225-226.
23. Environment Canada. 1993. Canadian climate normals. Canadian climate program. Environment Canada. Atmospheric Environment Service, Downsview, Ontario, Canada.
24. Erdmann, G. G., T. R. Crow, R. M. Peterson, and C. D. Wilson. 1987. Managing black ash in the Lake states. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NC-115.
25. Fayle, C. F. D. 1996. Sugar maple, black spruce and tamarack do not reproduce vegetatively from roots. Forestry Chronicle 72:281-285.
26. Folland, C. K., T. R. Karl, and K. Ya. Vinnikov. 1990. Observed climate variations and change. Pages 195-238 in J. T. Houghton, G. J. Jenkins, and J. J. Ephraums, editors. Climate changes, the IPCC scientific assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
27. Frelich, L. E., and C. G. Lorimer. 1991. Natural disturbance regimes in the hemlock-hardwood forest of the upper Great Lakes region. Ecological Monographs 61:145-164.
28. Fritts, H. C. 1976. Tree rings and climate. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.
29. Gecy, J. L., and M. V. Wilson. 1990. Initial establishment of riparian vegetation after disturbance by debris flows in Oregon. American Midland Naturalist 123:282-291.
30. Glitzenstein, J. F., P. A. Harcombe, and D. R. Streng. 1986. Disturbance, succession, and maintenance of species diversity in an east Texas forest. Ecological Monographs 46: 243-258.
31. Goff, F. G., and D. West. 1975. Canopy - understory interaction effects on forest population structure. Forest Science 21:98-108.
32. Green, W. E. 1947. Effect of water impoundment on tree mortality and growth. Journal of Forestry 45:188-120.
33. Hall, T. F., and G. E. Smith. 1955. Effects of flooding on woody plants. West Sandy Dewatering Project, Kentucky Reservoir. Journal of Forestry 53:281-285.
34. Harcombe, P. A., and P. L. Marks. 1978. Tree diameter distributions and replacement processes in southeast Texas forest. Forest Science 24:153-166.
35. Harper, J. L. 1977. Population biology of plants. Academic Press, London, UK.
36. Harvey, B. D., and Y. Bergeron. 1989. Site patterns of natural regeneration following clear-cutting in northwestern Québec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19:1458-1469.
37. Hayward, G. D. 1991. Using population biology to define old-growth forests. Wildlife Society Bulletin 19:111-116.
38. Henry, J. D., and J. M. A. Swan. 1974. Reconstructing forest history from live and dead plant material - an approach to the study of forest succession in southwest New Hampshire. Ecology 55:772-783.
39. Hett, J. M. 1971. A dynamic analysis of age in sugar maple seedlings. Ecology 52:1071-1074.
40. Hett, J. M., and O. L. Loucks. 1976. Age structure models of balsam fir and eastern hemlock. Journal of Ecology 64: 1029-1044.
41. Holling, C. S. 1973. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 4:1-23.
42. Holmes, R. L. 1992. Dendrochronology program library, version 1992-1. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
43. Hosner, J. F. 1957. Effects of water upon the seed germination of bottomland trees. Forest Science 3:67-70.
44. Hosner, J. F., and S. G. Boyce. 1962. Tolerance to water-saturated soil of various bottomland hardwoods. Forest Science 8:180-186.
45. Hosner, J. F., and L. S. Minckler. 1963. Bottomland hardwood forest of southern Illinois - regeneration and succession. Ecology 44:29-41.
46. Johnson, E. A., K. Miyanishi, and H. Kleb. 1994. The hazards of interpretation of static age structures as shown by stand reconstruction in a Pinus contorta - Picea engelmannii forest. Journal of Ecology 82:923-931.
47. Johnson, W. C. 1994. Woodland expansion in the Platte River, Nebraska: pattern and causes. Ecological Monographs 64:45-84.
48. Jones, P. D., and K. R. Briffa. 1992. Global surface air temperature variations during the twentieth century. Part 1. Spatial, temporal and seasonal details. Holocene 2:165-179.
49. Jones, R. H., R. R. Sharitz, P. M. Dixon, D. S. Segal, and R. L. Schneider. 1994. Woody plant regeneration in four floodplain forests. Ecological Monographs 64:345-367.
50. Karl, T. R., P. Y. Groisman, R. W. Knight, and R. R. Heim, Jr. 1993. Recent variations of snow cover and snowfall in North America and their relationship to precipitation and temperature variations. Journal of Climate 6:1327-1344.
51. Knowles, P., and M. C. Grant. 1983. Age and size structure analyses of Engelman spruce, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, and limber pine in Colorado. Ecology 64:1-9.
52. Kurmis, V., S. L. Webb, and L. C. Merriam, Jr. 1986. Plant communities of Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Botany 64:531-540.
53. Lamb, H. H. 1982. Climate, history and the modern world. Methuen, New York, New York, USA.
54. Langlais, D., and Y. Bégin. 1993. The effects of recent floods and geomorphic processes on red ash populations, upper St. Lawrence estuary, Québec, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 37:525-538.
55. Leak, W. B. 1975. Age distribution in virgin red spruce and northern hardwoods. Ecology 56:1451-1454.
56. Lee, T. E. 1974. The Fort Abitibi mystery. Collection Paléo-Québec. Centre d'études nordiques, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada.
57. Lees, J. C., and R. C. West. 1988. A strategy for growing black ash in the maritimes provinces. Technical Note number 201. Canadian Forestry Service-Maritimes, Frédéricton, New Brunswick, Canada.
58. Legendre, L., and P. Legendre. 1984. Ecologie numérique, 2. La structure des données écologiques. Collection d'écologie 13, Masson, Paris, France.
59. Lindsey, A. A., R. O. Petty, D. K. Sterling, and W. VanAsdall, 1961. Vegetation and environment along the Wabash and Tippecanoe rivers. Ecological Monographs 31:105-156.
60. Lorimer, C. G. 1980. Age structure and disturbance history of a southern Appalachian virgin forest. Ecology 61:1169-1184.
61. _. 1985. Methodological considerations in the analysis of forest disturbance history. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15:200-213.
62. Lorimer, C. G., and L. E. Frelich. 1984. A simulation of equilibrium diameter distributions of sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 111: 193-199.
63. McBride, J. R., and J. Strahan. 1984. Establishment and survival of woody riparian species on gravel bars of an intermittent stream. American Midland Naturalist 112:235-245.
64. Metzler, K. J., and W. H. Damman. 1985. Vegetation patterns in the Connecticut river flood plain in relation to frequency and duration of flooding. Naturaliste Cananadien 112:535-547.
65. Noble, M. G. 1979. The origin of Populus deltoides and Salix interior zones on point bars along the Minnesota River. American Midland Naturalist 102:59-67.
66. Odgen, J. 1985. An introduction to plant demography with special reference to New Zealand trees. New Zealand Journal of Botany 23:751-772.
67. Oliver, C. D., and B. C. Larson. 1990. Forest stand dynamics. McGraw-Hill, New York, New York, USA.
68. Orwig, D. A., and M. D. Abrams. 1994. Contrasting radial growth and canopy recruitment patterns in Liriodendron tulipifera and Nissa sylvatica: gap-obligate versus gap-facultative tree species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:2141-2149.
69. Overpeck, T., D. Rind, and R. Goldberg. 1990. Climate-induced changes in forest disturbance and vegetation. Nature 343:51-53.
70. Palik, B. J., and K. S. Pregitzer. 1992. The age and height structure of red maple (Acer rubrum) populations in northern Michigan bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata) forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22:1449-1462.
71. Parker, A. J., and R. K. Peet. 1984. Size and age structure of conifer forest. Ecology 65:1685-1689.
72. Parker, G. R., and G. Schneider. 1974. Structure and edaphic factors of an alder swamp in northern Michigan. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 4:499-508.
73. Payette, S., L. Fillion, and A. Delwaide. 1990. Disturbance regime of a cold temperate forest as deduced from tree-ring patterns: the Tantare Ecological Reserve, Québec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20:1228-1241.
74. Phipps, R. L. 1970. The potential use of tree rings in hydrologic investigations in eastern North America with some botanical considerations. Water Resources Research 6: 1634-1640.
75. Pickett, S. T. A. 1980. Non-equilibrium coexistence of plants. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 107:238-248.
76. Pickett, S. T. A., and P. S. White. 1985 The ecology of natural disturbance and patch dynamics. Academic Press, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
77. Platt, W. J., G. W. Evans, and S. L. Rathbun. 1988. The population dynamics of a long-lived conifer (Pinus palustris). American Naturalist 131:491-525.
78. Robertson, P. A., G. T. Weaver, and J. A. Cavanaugh. 1978. Vegetation and tree species patterns near the northern terminus of the southern floodplain forest. Ecological Monographs 48:249-267.
79. Ross, M. S., T. L. Sharik, and D. Wm. Smith. 1982. Age-structure relationships of tree species in an Appalachian oak forest in southwest Virginia. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 109:287-298.
80. Rowe, J. S. 1972. Les régions forestières du Canada. Information Canada. Publication Number 1300F. Ministry of Environment, Canadian Forest Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
81. SAS Institute 1988. SAS/STAT user's guide, release 6.03 edition. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
82. Schmelz, D. V., and A. A. Lindsey. 1965. Size-class structure of old-growth forest in Indiana. Forest Science 11:258-264.
83. Sigafoos, R. S. 1964. Botanical evidence of floods and flood-plain deposition. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 485-A. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., USA.
84. Sims, R. A., H. M. Kershaw, and G. M. Wickware. 1990. The autecology of major tree species in the north central region of Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Publication 5310.
85. Stokes, M. A., and T. L. Smiley. 1968. An introduction to tree-ring dating. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
86. Streng, D. A., J. S. Glitzenstein, and P. A. Harcombe. 1989. Woody seedling dynamics in an east Texas floodplain forest. Ecological Monographs 59:177-204.
87. Stromberg, J. C., and D. T. Patten. 1990. Seed production and seedling establishment of a southwest riparian tree, Arizona walnut (Juglans major). Great Basin Naturalist 50: 47-56.
88. Tardif, J. 1996. Early wood, latewood and total ring width of a ring-porous species (Fraxinus nigra Marsh.) and its relationship with climatic and hydrologic factors. Pages 315-325 in S. D. Dean, D. M. Meko, and T. W. Swetnam, editors. Tree rings, environment, and humanity: proceedings of the international conference (Tucson, Arizona, USA; 17-21 May 1994). Radiocarbon, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
89. Tardif, J., and Y. Bergeron. 1992. Analyse écologique des peuplements de frêne noir (Fraxinus nigra Marsh.) des rives du Lac Duparquet, nord-ouest du Québec. Canadian Journal of Botany 70:2294-2302.
90. Tardif, J., and Y. Bergeron. 1993. Radial growth of Fraxinus nigra in a Canadian boreal floodplain in response to climatic and hydrological fluctuations. Journal of Vegetation Science 4:751-758.
91. Tardif, J., and Y. Bergeron. 1997a. Comparative dendroclimatological analysis of two black ash and two white cedar populations from contrasting sites in the Lake Duparquet region, northwestern Québec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27:108-116.
92. Tardif, J., and Y. Bergeron. 1997b. Ice-flood reconstructed from tree rings at the southern boreal forest limit, western Québec. Holocene 7:291-300.
93. Tardif, J., S. Déry, and Y. Bergeron. 1994. Sexual regeneration of black ash (Fraxinus nigra) in a boreal floodplain. American Midland Naturalist 132:124-135.
94. ter Braak, C. J. F. 1988. Canoco - a FORTRAN program for canonical community ordination by [partial] [detrended] [canonical] correspondence analysis, principal components analysis and redundancy analysis (version 2.1). Agriculture Mathematics Group, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
95. Tyrell, L. E., and T. R. Crow. 1994. Structural characteristics of old-growth hemlock - hardwood forests in relation to age. Ecology 75:370-386.
96. USDA [U.S. Department of Agriculture]. 1948. Fraxinus. Pages 178-183 in Woody-plant seed manual. Miscellaneous Publication 654. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, D.C., USA.
97. Veillette, J. J. 1994. Evolution and paleohydrology of glacial lakes Barlow and Ojibway. Quaternary Science Review 13: 945-971.
98. West, D. C., H. H. Shugart, Jr., and J. W. Ramney, 1981. Population structure of forest over a large area. Forest Science 227:701-710.
99. White, P. S. 1979. Pattern, process and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review 45:229-299.
100. _. 1987. Natural disturbance, patch dynamics, and landscape pattern in natural areas. Natural Areas Journal 7:14-22.
101. Wright, J. W., and H. M. Rauscher. 1990. Black ash. Pages 344-347 in R. M. Burns and B. H. Honkala, editors, Silvics of North America. Volume 2, Hardwoods. Agricultural Handbook 654. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., USA.
102. Yanosky, T. M. 1982. Effects of flooding upon woody vegetation along parts of the Potomac River flood plain. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper Number 1206.
103. Zavel'skaya, N. A., N. V. Zukert, E. Yu. Polyakova, and A. A. Pryazhnikov. 1993. Prediction of the effect of climate changes on boreal areas of Russia. Lesovedenie 1:16-24.