Evaluation of biomarkers of environmental exposures: Urinary haloacetic acids associated with ingestion of chlorinated drinking water

Environmental Research

Volumn 80, Issue 2 I, 1999, Pages 187-195

  Kim, Hekap ^a   Haltmeier, Patricia ^b   Klotz, Judith B ^c   Weisel, Clifford P ^d  

^a RUTGERS ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b CN 360 ^*  (United States)

^c Cancer Epidemiology Services   (United States)

^d RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomarker; Chlorinated tap water; Dichloroacetic acid; Ingestion exposure; Questionnaire; Trichloroacetic acid; Urinary excretion

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CARCINOGEN; CHLORINE; CREATININE; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; DRINKING WATER; HALOACID; TRICHLOROACETIC ACID;

ADULT; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; CHLORINATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HALF LIFE TIME; HUMAN; INGESTION; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; URINARY EXCRETION; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER SAMPLING;

EID: 0033003234     PISSN: 00139351     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/enrs.1998.3896     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (34)

1. Baselt, R. C. (1980). "Biological Monitoring Methods for Industrial Chemicals," p. 67. Biomedical Publications, Davis, CA.
2. Bove, F. J., Fulcomer, M. C., Klotz, J. B., Esmart, J., Dufficy, E. M., and Savrin, J. E. (1995). Public drinking water contamination and birth outcomes. Am. J. Epidemiol. 141, 850-862.
3. Breimer, D. D., Ketelaars, H. C. J., and Van Rossum, J. M. (1974). Gas chromatographic determination of chloral hydrate, trichloroethylene and trichloroacetic acid in blood and in urine employing head-space analysis. J. Chromatogr. 88, 55-63.
4. Bull, R. J., Sanchez, I. M., Nelson, M. A., Larson, J. L., and Lansing, A. J. (1990). Liver tumor induction in B6C3F1 mice by dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate. Toxicology 63, 341-359.
5. Cantor, K. P., Hoover, R., Hartge, P., Mason, T. J., Silverman, D. T., Altman, R., Austin, D. F., Child, M. A., Key, C. R., Marrett, L. D., Myers, M. H., Narayana, A. S., Levin, L. I., Sullivan, J. W., Swanson, G. M., Thomas, D. B., and West, D. W. (1987). Bladder cancer, drinking water source, and tap water consumption: A case-control study. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 79, 1269-1279.
6. Chen, W. J., and Weisel, C. P. (1998). Concentration changes of halogenated disinfection by- products in a drinking water distribution system. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 90(4), 151-163.
7. 36Cl-labeled trichloroethylene and tetrachloro- ethylene in the rat. Biochem. Pharmacol. 12, 795-802.
8. DeAngelo, A. B., Daniel, F. B., Stober, J. A., and Olson, G. R. (1991). The carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male B6C3F1 mouse. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 16, 337-347.
9. Dekant, W., Metzler, M., and Henschler, D. (1984). Novel metabolites of trichloroethylene through dechlorination reactions in mice and humans. Biochem. Pharmacol. 33, 2021-2027.
10. Herren-Freund, S. L., Pereira, M. A., Khoury, M. D., and Olson, G. (1987). The carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid in mouse liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 90, 183-189.
11. Humbert, L., Jacquemont, M. C., Leroy, E., Leclerc, F., Houdret, N., and Lhermitte, M. (1994). Determination of chloral hydrate and its metabolites (trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid) in human plasma and urine using electron capture gas chromatography. Biomed. Chromatogr. 8, 273-277.
12. Jackson, S. (1966). Creatinine in urine as an index of urinary excretion rate. Health Phys. 12, 843-850.
13. Johnson, J. D., Christman, R. F., Norwood, D. L., and Millington, D. S. (1982). Reaction products of aquatic humic substances with chlorine. Environ. Health Perspect. 46, 63-71.
14. Kim, H. (1997). "Human Exposure to Dichloroacetic Acid and Trichloroacetic Acid from Chlorinated Water During Household Use and Swimming." Dissertation submitted to Graduate School, New Brunswick, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.
15. Kim, H., and Weisel, C. P. (1998). "Dermal absorption of dichloroand trichloroacetic acids from chlorinated water." J. Exp. Anal. and Environ. Epidemiol. 8(4), 555-575.
16. Klotz, J. B., and Pyrch, L. A. (1997). "A Case Control Study of Neural Tube Defects and Drinking Water Disinfection By Product Contaminants." Report to ATSDR, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, ATSDR, Atlanta.
17. Kramer, M. D., Lynch, C. F., Isacson, P., and Hanson, J. W. (1992). The association of waterborne chloroform with intrauterine growth retardation. Epidemiology 5, 07-413.
18. Krasner, S. W., Mcguire, J. G., Jacangelo, J. G., Patania, N. L., Reagan, K. M., and Aieta, E. M. (1989). The occurrence of disinfection by-products in US drinking water. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 81(8), 41-53.
19. Larson, J. L. and Bull, R. J. (1992). Metabolism and lipoperoxidative activity of trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate in rats and mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 115, 268-277.
20. Lukas, G., Vyas, K. H., Brindle, S. D., Le Sher, A. R., and Wagner, Jr. W. E. (1980). Biological disposition of sodium dichloroacetate in animals and humans after intravenous administration. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 69, 419-421.
21. Marshall, Jr., E. K. and Owens, Jr., A. H. (1954). Absorption, excretion and metabolic fate of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 95, 1-18.
22. Mather, G. G., Exon, J. H., and Koller, L. D. (1990). Subchronic 90 day toxicity of dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acid in rats. Toxicology 64, 71-80.
23. McGeehin, M. A., Relif, J. S., Becher, J. C., and Mangione, E. J. (1993). Case-control study of bladder cancer and water disinfection methods in Colorado. Am. J. Epidemiol. 138, 492-501.
24. Miller, J. W., and Uden, P. C. (1983). Characterization of non-volatile chlorination products of humic substances. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17(3), 150-157.
25. Mink, F. L., Coleman, W. E., Munch, J. W., Kaylor, W. H., and Ringhand, H. P. (1983). In vivo formation of halogenated reaction products following peroral sodium hypochlorite. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 30, 394-399.
26. Odum, J., Green, T., Foster, J. R., and Hext, P. M. (1988). The role of trichloroacetic acid and peroxisome proliferation in the carcinogenicity of perchloroethylene in the mouse and rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 92, 103-112.
27. Owens, Jr. A. H., and Marshall, Jr. E. K. (1955). Further studies on the metabolic fate of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 97, 320-326.
28. Quimby, B. D., Delaney, M. F., Uden, P. C., and Barnes, R. M. (1980). Determination of the aqueous chlorination products of humic substances by gas chromatography with microwave emission detection. Anal. Chem. 52, 259-263.
29. Swan, S. H., Waller, K., Hopkins, B., Windham, G., Fenster, L., Schaefer, C., and Neutra, R. R. (1988) A prospective study of spontaneous abortion: Relation to amount and source of drinking water consumed in early pregnancy, Epidmiology 9, 126-133.
30. Uden, P. C., and Miller, J. W. (1983). Chlorinated acids and chloral in drinking water. J. AWWA 75(10), 524-527.
31. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) (1994). "National Primary Drinking Water Regulations; Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts." Proposed Rule, 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142. EPA811-Z-94-004.
32. Vartianen, T., Pukkala, E., Rienoja, T., Strandman, T., and Kaksonen, K. (1993). Population exposure to tri- and tetrachloroethene and cancer risk: Two cases of drinking water pollution. Chemosphere 27(7), 1171-1181.
33. Waller, K., and Swan, S. H. (1998) Trihalomethanes in drinking water and spontaneous abortion. Epideimology 9, 134-140
34. Ziglio, G. (1981). Human exposure to environmental trichloroethylene and tetrachloro- ethylene: Preliminary data on population groups of Milan, Italy. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 26, 131-136.