Occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in the Kau-Ping River and its watershed in Southern Taiwan

Water Research

Volumn 33, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 2701-2707

  Hsu, Bing Mu ^a   Huang, Chihpin ^a   Hsu, Chih Li Lilian ^b   Hsu, Yeong Fua ^c   Yeh, J H ^c  

^a NATIONAL CHIAO TUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^c Environmental Protection Administration Taiwan   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Kau Ping River; Water supply

Indexed keywords

MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION; PROTOZOA; RIVERS; WATER TREATMENT; WATERSHEDS;

CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; GIARDIA;

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS;

RIVER WATER;

PARASITE; RIVER WATER; WATER POLLUTION;

AGRICULTURAL WORKER; ARTICLE; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; GIARDIA; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE TEST; NONHUMAN; OOCYST; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TAIWAN; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER SAMPLING;

KAU-PING RIVER; TAIWAN;

CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; GIARDIA; PROTOZOA;

EID: 0032998450     PISSN: 00431354     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00478-3     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Ahmad R.A., Lee E., Tan I.T.L., Mohamad-Kamel A.G. Occurrence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in raw and treated water from two water treatment plants in Selangor, Malaysia. Water Res. 31:1997;3132-3136.
2. APHA (1995) Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 15th ed. APHA, WEF and AWWA, Washington, DC.
3. AWWA (1994) Methods for Detecting, Identifying, and Enumerating Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Water Samples, Training Course in AWWA-WQTC, San Francisco, CA.
4. Chuang S. H. (1996) An investigating and assessing study about the drinking water quality in five administration areas in Kaohsiung city. Master thesis, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, R.O.C. (in Chinese).
5. Chung P.K., Cross J.H. Prevalence of intestinal parasites in children on a Taiwan offshore island determined by the use of several diagnostic methods. J. Formosan Med. Assoc. 74:1975;411-418.
6. Cook G.C. Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia infection: current diagnostic strategies. Parasite. 2:1995;107-112.
7. Crabtree K.D., Ruskin R.H., Shaw S.B., Rose J.B. The detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in cistern water in the U.S. Virgin Island. Water Res. 30:1996;208-216.
8. Jennifer L.C., William D.G., Zhanet T. Commercial labs: how accurate are they? J. Am. Water Works Ass. 86(5):1994;89-97.
9. Korich D.G., Mead J.R., Madore M.S., Sinclair N.A., Sterling C.R. Effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine and monochloramine on Cryptosporidium oocyst viability. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:1990;1423-1428.
10. LeChevallier M.W., Norton W.D., Lee R.G. Occurrence of Giardia and Cyptosporidium in surface water supplies. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1991;2610-2616.
11. LeChevallier M.W., Norton W.D., Siegel J.E., Abbaszadegan M. Evaluation of the immunofluorescence procedure for detection of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in water. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1995;690-697.
12. Leng X., Mosier D.A., Oberst R.D. Simplified method for recovery and PCR detection of Cryptosporidium DNA from bovine feces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:1996;643-647.
13. MacKenzie W.R., Hoxie N.J., Proctor M.E., Gradus M.S., Blair K.A., Peterson D.E., Kazmierczak J.J., Addiss D.G., Fox K.R., Rose J.B., Davis J.P. A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply. N. Engl. J. Med. 331:1994;161-167.
14. Medema G.J., Bahar M., Schets F.M. Survival of Cryptosporidium parvum, Escherichia coli, fecal enterococci and Clostridium perfringens in river water: influence of temperature and autochthonous microorganisms. Water Sci. Tech. 35:1997;249-252.
15. Rose J. B., Darbin H. and Gerba C. P. (1988) Cryptosporidium and Giardia, with water quality variables in a watershed. Proceedings of the International Conference on Water and Wastewater Microbiology, Newport Beach, CA, 43, pp. 1-6.
16. Rose J.B., Haas C.N., Regli S. Risk assessment and control of waterborne giardiasis. Am. J. Publ. Hlth. 81:1991;709-713.
17. Scheffler E.H., Van Etta L.L. Evaluation of rapid commercial enzyme immunoassay for detection of Giardia lamblia in formmmmalin-preserved stool specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1994;1807-1808.
18. Smith H.V., Robertson L.J., Ongerth J.E. Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis: the impact of waterborne transmission. J. Water SRT-Aqua. 44:1995;258-274.
19. Wang J.S., Liew C.T. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. of avians in Taiwan. Taiwan J. Vet. Med. Animal Husbandry. 56:1990;45-57.