Glycerol and nonesterified fatty acid metabolism in human muscle and adipose tissue in vivo

American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 276, Issue 2 39-2, 1999, Pages

  Coppack, Simon W ^a,c   Persson, Mai ^b   Judd, Robert L ^b   Miles, John M ^b  

^a ROYAL FREE AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^c WHITTINGTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Glucose; Insulin; Lipolysis; Tracer

Indexed keywords

FATTY ACID; GLUCOSE; GLYCEROL; INSULIN;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ARM BLOOD FLOW; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL ESTERIFICATION; FATTY ACID METABOLISM; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE INFUSION; GLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; LIPOLYSIS; MALE; MUSCLE METABOLISM; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIAL ARTERY;

EID: 0032988138     PISSN: 01931849     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.2.e233     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Arner, P., and J. Bülow. Assessment of adipose tissue metabolism in man: comparison of Fick and microdialysis techniques. Clin. Sci. (Colch.) 85: 247-256, 1993.
2. Baba, H., X. J. Zhang, and R. R. Wolfe. Glycerol gluconeogenesis in fasting humans. Nutrition 11: 149-153, 1995.
3. Baron, A. D., H. O. Steinberg, H. Chaker, R. Leaming, A. Johnson, and G. Brechtel. Insulin-mediated skeletal muscle vasodilation contributes to both insulin sensitivity and responsiveness in lean humans. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 786-792, 1995.
4. Björntorp, P., H. Bergman, E. Varnauskas, and B. Lindholm. Lipid mobilisation in relation to body composition in man. Metabolism 18: 840-851, 1969.
5. Bülow, J., R. Jelnes, A. Astrup, J. Madsen, and P. Vilmann. Tissue/blood partition coefficients for xenon in various adipose tissue depots in man. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 47: 1-3, 1987.
6. Cersosimo, E., R. L. Judd, and J. M. Miles. Insulin regulation of renal glucose metabolism in conscious dogs. J. Clin. Invest. 93: 2584-2589, 1994.
7. Coppack, S. W., R. D. Evans, R. M. Fisher, K. N. Frayn, G. F. Gibbons, S. M. Humphreys, M. J. Kirk, J. L. Potts, and T. D. R. Hockaday. Adipose tissue metabolism in obesity: lipase action in vivo before and after a mixed meal. Metabolism 41: 264-272, 1992.
8. Coppack, S. W., R. M. Fisher, G. F. Gibbons, S. M. Humphreys, M. J. McDonough, J. L. Potts, and K. N. Frayn. Postprandial substrate deposition in human forearm and adipose tissues in vivo. Clin. Sci. (Colch.)79: 339-348, 1990.
9. Coppack, S. W., M. D. Jensen, and J. M. Miles. The in vivo regulation of lipolysis in humans. J. Lipid Res. 35: 177-193, 1994.
10. Coppack, S. W., M. Persson, and J. M. Miles. Phenylalanine kinetics in human adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest. 98: 692-697, 1996.
11. Dagenais, G. R., R. G. Tancredi, and K. L. Zierler. Free fatty acid oxidation by forearm muscle at rest, and evidence for an intramuscular lipid pool in the human forearm. J. Clin. Invest. 58: 421-431, 1976.
12. Eckel, R. H. Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase. In: Lipoprotein Lipase, edited by J. Borensztajn. Chicago: Evener Publishers, 1987, p. 79-132.
13. Eckel, R. H. Lipoprotein lipase: a multifunctional enzyme relevant to common metabolic diseases. N. Engl. J. Med. 320: 1060-1068, 1989.
14. Edens, N. K., R. L. Leibel, and J. Hirsch. Mechanism of free fatty acid re-esterification in human adipocytes in vitro. J. Lipid Res. 31: 1423-1431, 1990.
15. Elia, M., K. Khan, G. Calder, and A. Kurpad. Glycerol exchange across the human forearm assessed by a combination of tracer and arteriovenous exchange techniques. Clin. Sci. (Colch.) 84: 99-104, 1993.
16. Elia, M., C. Zed, G. Neale, and G. Livesey. The energy cost of triglyceride-fatty acid recycling in non-obese subjects after overnight fast and four days of starvation. Metabolism 36: 252-255, 1987.
17. Fielding, B. A., S. M. Humphreys, S. Shadid, and K. N. Frayn. Plasma mono-, di- and triacylglycerol measurements in a study of fat uptake by human adipose tissue in vivo. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 23: 487S, 1995.
18. Finegood, D. T., R. N. Bergman, and M. Vranic. Modeling error and apparent isotope discrimination confound estimation of endogenous glucose production during euglycaemic glucose clamps. Diabetes 37: 1025-1034, 1988.
19. Frayn, K. N., S. W. Coppack, and S. M. Humphreys. Glycerol and lactate uptake in human forearm. Metabolism 401: 1317-1319, 1991.
20. Frayn, K. N., S. W. Coppack, S. M. Humphreys, and P. L. Whyte. Metabolic characteristics of human adipose tissue in vivo. Clin. Sci. (Colch.) 76: 509-516, 1989.
21. Frayn, K. N., S. Shadid, R. Hamlani, S. M. Humphreys, M. L. Clark, B. A. Fielding, O. Boland, and S. W. Coppack. Regulation of fatty acid movement in human adipose tissue in the postabsorptive-to-postprandial transition. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Endocrinol. Metab. 29): E308-E317, 1994.
22. Gelfand, R. A., and E. J. Barrett. Effect of physiologic hyperinsulinemia on skeletal muscle protein synthesis and breakdown in man. J. Clin. Invest. 80: 1-6, 1987.
23. Greenway, C. V., and R. D. Stark. Hepatic vascular bed. Physiol. Rev. 51: 23-65, 1971.
24. Hammond, V. A., and D. G. Johnston. Substrate cycling between triglyceride and fatty acid in human adipocytes. Metabolism 36: 308-313, 1987.
25. Herbert, V., K. Lau, C. Gottlieb, and S. Bleicher. Cooled charcoal immunoassay of insulin. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 25: 1375-1384, 1965.
26. Humphreys, S. M., R. M. Fisher, and K. N. Frayn. Micromethod for measurement of sub-nanomolar amounts of triacylglycerol. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 27: 597-598, 1990.
27. Jansson, P.-A. E., A. Larsson, U. Smith, and P. Lönnroth. Glycerol production in subcutaneous adipose tissue in lean and obese humans. J. Clin. Invest. 89: 1610-1617, 1992.
28. Jensen, M. D. Regulation of forearm lipolysis in different types of obesity. In vivo evidence for adipocyte heterogeneity. J. Clin. Invest. 87: 187-193, 1991.
29. Jensen, M. D., V. Heiling, and J. M. Miles. Measurement of non-steady state free fatty acid turnover. Am. J. Physiol. 258 (Endocrinol. Metab. 21): E103-E108, 1990.
30. Judd, R. L., M. G. Sarr, and J. M. Miles. Extravascular transport of free fatty acids in vivo: role of the interstitial space (Abstract). Clin. Res. 40: 280A, 1992.
31. Klein, S., and R. R. Wolfe. The use of isotopic tracers in studying lipid metabolism in human subjects. Baillières Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1: 797-816, 1987.
32. Klein, S., and R. R. Wolfe. Whole-body lipolysis and triglyceride-fatty acid cycling in cachectic patients with esophageal cancer. J. Clin. Invest. 86: 1403-1408, 1990.
33. Kurpad, A. V., K. Khan, G. Calder, S. W. Coppack, K. N. Frayn, I. A. MacDonald, and M. Elia. Effect of noradrenaline on glycerol turnover and lipolysis in the whole body and subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans in vivo. Clin. Sci. (Colch.) 86: 177-184, 1994.
34. Leibel, R. L., R. A. Forse, and J. Hirsch. Effects of rapid glucose infusion on in vivo and in vitro free fatty acid reesterification by adipose tissue of fasted obese subjects. Int. J. Obes. Rel. Metab. Dis. 13: 661-671, 1989.
35. Lin, E. C. C. Glycerol utilization and its regulation in mammals. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 46: 765-795, 1977.
36. Maggs, D. G., R. Jacob, F. Rife, R. Lange, P. Leone, M. J. During, W. V. Tamborlane, and R. S. Sherwin. Interstitial fluid concentration of glycerol, glucose and amino acids in human quadricep muscle and adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 370-377, 1995.
37. Miles, J. M., M. G. Ellman, K. L. McClean, and M. D. Jensen. Validation of a new method for determination of free fatty acid turnover. Am. J. Physiol. 252 (Endocrinol. Metab. 15): E431-E438, 1987.
38. Miles, J. M., R. L. Judd, M. Persson, and S. W. Coppack. Methods for estimating the kinetics of lipid fuels in vivo. In: Research Methodologies in Human Diabetes, edited by C. E. Mogensen. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1995, p. 345-359.
39. Møller, N., P. C. Butler, M. A. Antsiferov, and K. G. M. M. Alberti. Effects of growth hormone on insulin sensitivity and forearm metabolism in normal man. Diabetologia 32: 105-110, 1989.
40. Mottram, R. F., and W. J. H. Butterfield. The human forearm as a preparation for metabolic investigations. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 54: 549-552, 1961.
41. 133Xenon. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 29: 31-36, 1972.
42. Richieri, G. V., and A. M. Kleinfeld. Unbound free fatty acid levels in human serum. J. Lipid Res. 36: 229-240, 1995.
43. Samra, J. S., M. L. Clark, S. M. Humphreys, I. A. Macdonald, and K. N. Frayn. Regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue during early starvation. Am. J. Physiol. 271 (Endocrinol. Metab. 34): E541-E546, 1996.
44. Simonsen, L., J. Bülow, and J. Madsen. Adipose tissue metabolism in humans determined by vein catheterization and microdialysis techniques. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Endocrinol. Metab. 29): E357-E365, 1994.
45. Stallknecht, B., L. Simonsen, and J. Bülow. Influence of insulin and adrenaline on blood flow in human adipose tissue (Abstract). Int. J. Obesity 22, Suppl. 3: S17, 1998.
46. Steele, R. Influences of glucose loading and of injected insulin on hepatic glucose output. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 82: 420-430, 1959.
47. Steinberg, D., and M. Vaughan. Release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue in vitro in relation to rates of triglyceride synthesis and degradation. In: Handbook of Physiology. Adipose Tissue. Washington, DC: Am. Physiol. Soc., 1965, sect. 5, chapt. 34, p. 335-348.
48. Utriainen, T., R. Malmström, S. Mäkimattila, and H. Yki-Järvinen. Methodological aspects, dose-response characteristics and causes of interindividual variation in insulin stimulation of limb blood flow in normal subjects. Diabetologia 38: 555-564, 1995.
49. Whitney, R. J. The measurement of volume changes in human limbs. J. Physiol. Lond. 121: 1-27, 1953.
50. Winkler, B., R. Steele, and N. Altszuler. Relationship of glycerol uptake to plasma glycerol concentration in the normal dog. Am. J. Physiol. 216: 191-196, 1969.
51. Wolfe, R. R. Radioactive and Stable Isotope Tracers in Biomedicine. Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992.
52. Wolfe, R. R., and M. J. Durkot. Role of very low density lipoproteins in the energy metabolism of the rat. J. Lipid Res. 26: 210-217, 1985.
53. Wolfe, R. R., S. Klein, F. Carraro, and J.-M. Weber. Role of triglyceride-fatty acid cycle in controlling fat metabolism in humans during and after exercise. Am. J. Physiol. 258 (Endocrinol. Metab. 21): E382-E389, 1990.
54. Wolfe, R. R., and E. J. Peters. Lipolytic response to glucose infusion in human subjects. Am. J. Physiol. 252 (Endocrinol. Metab. 15): E218-E223, 1987.