A review of the epidemiology of tinea unguium in the community

Australasian Journal of Dermatology

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 6-13

  Gill, David ^a   Marks, Robin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Age; Dermatophyte; Familial transmission; Fungus; Nail; Onychomycosis; Prevalence; Sex; Site

Indexed keywords

AGE; COMMUNITY; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; HUMAN; LIFE EXPECTANCY; ONYCHOMYCOSIS; POPULATION RESEARCH; PREVALENCE; REVIEW;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; AUSTRALIA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; FOOT DERMATOSES; HAND DERMATOSES; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ONYCHOMYCOSIS; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SEX DISTRIBUTION;

EID: 0032986961     PISSN: 00048380     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-0960.1999.00308.x     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. Odom RB. Common superficial fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1994; 31 (Suppl.): S56-9.
2. English M. Nails and fungi. Br. J. Dermatol. 1976:94:697-701.
3. Clayton YM. Clinical and mycological diagnostic aspects of onychomycoses and dermatomycoses. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 1992; 17 1 (Suppl.):S37-40.
4. MidgleyG, Moore M, Cook J, PhanQ. Mycology of nail disorders. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1994; 31: 568-74.
5. Beaven DW, Brooks SE. Fungal infections and onychomycosis. In: A Colour Atlas of the Nail in Clinical Diagnosis. Weert, Netherlands: Wolfe Medical Publications. 1984; 82-89.
6. Hay RJ. Infections affecting the nails. In: Samman PD, Fenton DA (eds). Samman's the Nails in Disease, 5th edn. London: Butterworth-Heinemann Medical Books Ltd, 1995; 32-55.
7. Hay RJ, Roberts SO, Mackenzie DW. Mycology. In: Champion R, Burton J, Ebling F (eds). Textbook of Dermatology. Vol. 2,5th edn. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1992; 1127-70.
8. Williams H. The epidemiology of onychomycosis in Britain. Br. J. Dermatol. 1993; 129: 101-9.
9. Aly R. Ecology and epidemiology of dermatophyte infections. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1994; 31 (Suppl.): S31-4.
10. Rippon JW. Dermatophytosis and dermatomycosis. In: Medical Mycology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co., 1974; 127-30.
11. Tuzun Y, Mutlu H, Kotogyan A. Microsporum infection of the nails. Arch. Dermatol. 1980; 116: 620.
12. Goh CL, Akarapanth R. Epidemiology of skin diseases among children in a referral skin clinic in Singapore. Pediatr. Dermatol. 1994; 11: 125-8.
13. Roberts DT. Prevalence of dermatophyte onychomycosis in the United Kingdom: Results of an omnibus survey. Br. J. Dermatol. 1992; 126 (Suppl. 39): 23-7.
14. Nsanze H, Lestringant GG, Mustafa N, Usmani MA. Aetiology of onychomycosis in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. Mycoses 1995; 38: 421-4.
15. Banerjee U, Sethi M, Parischa JS. Study of onychomycoses in India. Afyco5esl990;33:411-15.
16. Marchisio VF, Prove L, Tullio V. Fungi responsible for skin mycoses in Turin (Italy). Mycoses 1996; 39: 141-50.
17. Al-Sogair SM, Mouwad MK, Al-Humadain YM. Fungal infections as a cause of skin disease in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia: Prevailing fungi and pattern of infection. Mycoses 1992; 34:333-7.
18. Devliotou-Panagiotidou D, Koussidou-Eremondi T, Badillet G. Dermatophytosis in northern Greece during the decade . 1981-1990. Mycoses 1995; 38: 152-7.
19. Mercantini R, Moretto D, Palmara G, Mercantini P, Marsella R. Epidemiology of dermatophytoses observed in Rome, Italy, between 1985 and 1993. Mycoses 1995; 38: 415-19.
20. Alteras I, Lehner N. A critical study of 1000 cases of dermatophytosis in Tel Aviv area during 1970-1975. Mycopathologia 1977; 62: 121-4.
21. Alteras I, Cojocaru I. A short review on tinea pedis by dermatophytes. Mykosen 1973; 16: 229-37.
22. Imwidithaya S, Thianprasit M. A study of dermatophytoses in Bangkok (Thailand). Mycopathologia 1988; 102: 13-16.
23. Chadegani M, Momeni A, Shadzi S, Javaheri MA. A study of dermatophytoses in Esfahan (Iran). Mycopathologia 1987; 98:101-4.
24. Al-Fouzan A, Nanda A. Dermatophytosis of children in Kuwait. Pediatr. Dermatol. 1992; 9: 27-30.
25. Mooney E. Dermatophytes in Iceland. Int. J. Dermatol. 1986; 25: 305-6.
26. Walshe MM, English MP. Fungi in nails. Br.J. Dermatol 1966; 78: 198-207.
27. Pereiro Miguens M, Pereiro M, Pereiro Jr M. Review of dermatophytoses in Galicia from 1951 to 1987, and comparison with other areas of Spain. Mycopathologia 1991; 113: 65-78.
28. Khosravi AR, Aghamirian MR, Mahrnoudi M. Dermatophytoses in Iran. Mycoses 1994; 37: 43-8.
29. Vidotto V. Garcia R, Ponce LM, Valerde M, Bruatto M. Dermatophytoses in Cuzco, Peru. Mycoses 1991; 34: 183-6.
30. Kemna ME, Elewski BE. A US epidemiologic survey of superficial fungal diseases. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1996; 35: 539-42.
31. Korstanje MJ, Staats CC. Fungal infections in the Netherlands. Prevailing fungi and pattern of infection. Dermatology 1995; 190: 39-42.
32. Bienias L, Wlodarczyk W. Dermatomycoses and their aetiology in the material of the Dermatological Department in Lodz, Poland. Mycoses 1990; 33: 581-6.
33. Bronson D, Desai D, Barsky S, Foley S. An epidemic of infection with Trichophyton tonsurans revealed in a 20 year survey of fungal infections in Chicago. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1983; 8: 322-30.
34. Philpot L, Shuttleworth D. Dermatophyte onychomycosis in children. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 1989; 14: 203-5.
35. Heikkila H, Stubb S. The prevalence of onychomycosis in Finland. Br.J. Dermatol. 1995; 133: 699-703.
36. Sais G, Juclga A, Peyri J. Prevalence of dermatophyte onychomycosis in Spain: A cross-sectional study. Br.J. Dermatol. 1995; 132: 758-61.
37. Anonymous. Prevalence, morbidity and cost of dermatological diseases (editorial)./ Invest. Dermatol 1979; 73: 395-401.
38. Jones HE, Reinhard! JH. Rinaldi MG. A clinical, mycological and immunological survey for dermatophytosis. Arch. Dermatol. 1973; 108: 61-5.
39. Lugo-Somolinos A, Sanchez J. Prevalence of dermatophytosis in patients with diabetes. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol 1992; 26: 408-10.
40. Buxton PK, Milne LJR, Prescott RJ, Proudfoot MC, Stuart FM. The prevalence of dermatophyte infection in well-controlled diabetics and time response to trichophyton antigen. Br. J. Dermatol. 1996; 134: 900-3.
41. Dompmartin D, Dompmartin A, Deluol AM, Grosshans E, Coulaud J. Onychomycosis and AIDS. Clinical and laboratory findings in 62 patients. Int.J. Dermatol. 1990; 29: 337-9.
42. Gupta A, Lynde C, Jain H étal A higher prevalence of onychomycosis in psoriatics compared with non-psoriatics: A multicentre study. Br. J. Dermatol 1997; 136: 786-9.
43. Ploysangam T, Lucky AW. Childhood white superficial onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum: Report of seven cases and review of the literature. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 1997; 36: 29-32.
44. Kurgansky D, Sweren R. Onychomycosis in a 10-week-old infant. Arch. Dermatol. 1990; 126: 1371.
45. Chang P. Logemann H. Onychomycosis in children. Int. J. Dermatol. 1994; 33: 550-1.
46. Pardo-Costello V, Pardo OA. Affections peculiar to the nails. In: Pardo-Costello V, Pardo OA (eds). Diseases of the Nails. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas. 1960; 24-96.
47. Ramesh V, Reddy B, Singh R. Onychomycosis. Int. J. Dermatol. 1983: 22: 148-52.
48. Andre J, Achten G. Onychomycosis. Int. J. Dermatol. 1987; 26: 481-90.
49. Johnson MT, Roberts J. Skin conditions and related need for medical care among persons aged 1-74 years. US Department Health, Education and Welfare 1978; Vital and Health Statistics Scries II, No. 212 DHEVV(RHS); 79-1660: 1-72.
50. Bean WB. Nail growth: 30 years of observation. Arch. Intern. Med. 1974; 134: 497-502.
51. Figueroa JI, Hay RJ. Skin infections II: Fungi. In: Williams HC, Strachan DP (eds). The Challenge of Dermatoepidemiology. New York: CRC Press US, 1997; 253-68.
52. Rogers D, Kilkenny M, Marks R. The descriptive epidemiology of tinea pedis in the community. Australas. J. Dermatol. 1996; 37: 178-84.
53. English M, Wethered R, Duncan E. Studies in epidemiology of tinea pedis. VIII: Fungal infection in a long stay hospital. BMJ 1967; 3: 136-9.
54. Wargon O. Tinea of the skin, hair and nails. Med. J. Aust. 1996; 164: 552-6.
55. Philpot C. Some aspects of the epidemiology of tinea. Mycopathologia 1977; 62: 3-13.
56. Martin AG, Kobayashi GS. Superficial fungal infection: Dermatophytosis, tinea, nigra, piedra. In: Fitzpatrick TB, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Freedberg IM. Austen KF (eds). Dermatology in General Medicine, Vol. II, 4th edn. New York: McGraw Hill Inc. USA, 1993; 2421-51.
57. Zaias N. Onychomycosis. Dermatol. Clin. 1985; 3: 445-60.
58. Many H, Derbes VJ, Friedman L. Trichophyton rubrum: Exposure and infection within household groups. Arch. Dermatol. 1960; 82: 226-9.
59. Ajello L. Geographic distribution and prevalence of dermatophytes. Ann. NY Acad. Sei. 1960; 89: 30-9.
60. Clayton Y, Hay R. Epidemiology of fungal skin and nail disease: Roundtable discussion held at Dermatology 2000, Vienna, 17 May 1993. Br.J. Dermatol. 1994; 130 (Suppl. 43): 9-11.
61. Zaias N. Onychomycosis. In: The Nail in Health and Disease, 2nd edn. East Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1990; 87-105.
62. McAleer R. Fungal infection as a cause of skin disease in Western Australia. Australas. J. Dermatol. 1981; 22: 80-4.
63. Teng-Ee Lim J, Cheung Chua H, Leok Goli L. Dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte Onychomycosis in Singapore. Australas. J. Dermatol. 1992; 33: 159-63.
64. Bhutan! LK, Mohapatra LN, Kandhari KC. Tinea pedis-a penalty of civilization. A sample survey of rural and urban population. Mykosen 1971; 7: 335-6.