A comparison of cycle control with monophasic levonorgestrel/ethinylestradiol 100 μg/20 μg versus triphasic norethindrone/ethinylestradiol 500-750-1000 μg/35 μg: A multicenter, randomized, open-label study

European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 75-83

  Chavez, A ^a   DelConte, A ^b  

^a BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b WYETH AYERST RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Cycle control; Ethinylestradiol; Intermenstrual bleeding; Levonorgestrel; Norethindrone; Oral contraceptive

Indexed keywords

ETHINYLESTRADIOL; ETHINYLESTRADIOL PLUS LEVONORGESTREL; ETHINYLESTRADIOL PLUS NORETHISTERONE; LEVONORGESTREL; NORETHISTERONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAKTHROUGH BLEEDING; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG METABOLISM; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MENSTRUAL CYCLE; MULTICENTER STUDY; NORMAL HUMAN; ORAL CONTRACEPTION; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SIDE EFFECT;

EID: 0032983032     PISSN: 13625187     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/13625189909064008     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Mishell DR Jr. Oral contraception: Past, present, and future perspectives. Int J Fertil 1992; 37 (Suppl 1): 7-18
2. Thorogood M, Mann J, Murphy M, Vessey M. Risk factors for fatal venous thromboembolism in young women: A case-control study. In J Epidemiol 1992; 21: 48-52
3. Appel TB, Kambi AA, Birdsall C, et al. A comparison of a new graduated estrogen formulation with three-constant-dosed oral contraceptives. Contraception 1987; 35:523-32
4. Spona J, Feichtinger W, Kindermann C, Wunsch C, Brill K. Inhibition of ovulation by an oral contraceptive containing 100 μg levonorgestel in combination with 20 μg ethinylestradiol. Contraception 1996; 54: 299-304
5. Archer DF, Maheux R, DelConte A, O'Brien FB. A new low-dose monophasic combination oral contraceptive (Alesse™) with levonorgestrel 100 μg and ethinyl estradiol 20 μg. Contraception 1997; 55: 139-44
6. Bannemerschult R, Hanker JP, Wunsch C, Fox P, Albring M, Brill K. A multicenter, uncontrolled clinical investigation of the contraceptive efficacy, cycle control, and safety of a new low dose oral contraceptive containing 20 μg of ethinyl estradiol and 100 μg of levonorgestrel over six treatment cycles. Contraception 1997; 56: 285-90
7. Belsey EM, Machin D, d'Arcangues C. The analysis of vaginal bleeding patterns induced by fertility regulating methods. Contraception 1986; 34: 253-60
8. Van der Vange N. Ovarian activity during low dose oral contraceptives. In Chamberlain G, ed. Contemporary Obstetrics and Gynecology. London: Butterworths, 1988: 315-26
9. Wilde MI, Balfour JA. Gestodene: A review of its pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability in combined contraceptive preparations. Drugs 1995; 50: 364-95
10. Shoupe D. New progestins - Clinical experience: Gestodene. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170: 1562-8
11. Fotherby K. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of progestins in humans. In Goldzieher JW, ed. Pharmacology of the Contraceptive Steroids. New York: Raven Press, 1994: 99-126
12. Back DJ, Bates M, Breckenridge AM, et al. The pharmacokinetics of levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol in women - Studies with Ovral and Ovranette. Contraception 1981; 23: 229-39
13. Back DJ, Breckenridge AM, Crawford FE, et al. Kinetics of norethindrone in women. II. Single-dose kinetics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1978; 24: 448-53
14. Bannemerschult R, Fox P, Wunsch C, Turck R, Brill K. Large observational trial of a new low-dose oral contraceptive containing 20 μg ethinylestradiol and 100 μg levonorgestrel (Miranova) in Germany [abstr]. Eur J Contracept Reprod Heahh Care 1998; 3 (Suppl 1): 113
15. World Health Organization Scientific Group. Steroid contraception and the risk of neoplasia. Technical Report Series No. 619. Geneva: WHO, 1978