Spatial variation of total CO2 and total alkalinity in the northern Indian Ocean: A novel approach for the quantification of anthropogenic CO2 in seawater

Journal of Marine Research

Volumn 57, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 135-163

  Goyet, C ^a   Coatanoan, C ^a   Eischeid, G ^a   Amaoka, T ^b   Okuda, K ^b   Healy, R ^a   Tsunogai, S ^b  

^a WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

^b HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALINITY; ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCE; CARBON DIOXIDE; SEAWATER; SPATIAL VARIATION; WATER CHEMISTRY;

(NORTH); ARABIAN SEA; BAY OF BENGAL; INDIAN OCEAN;

EID: 0032982892     PISSN: 00222402     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1357/002224099765038599     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Anderson, L. A. and J. L. Sarmiento. 1994. Redfield ratios of remineralization determined by nutrient data analysis. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 65-80.
2. 2 exchange between Indian Ocean waters and the Atmosphere. Oceanology, 21, 39-43.
3. 2 increase. Geophys. Res. Lett., 5, 997-1000.
4. Brewer, P. G., A. L. Bradshaw and R. T. Williams. 1986. Measurements of total carbon dioxide and alkalinity in the North Atlantic Ocean in 1981, in The Changing Carbon Cycle: A Global Analysis, J. R. Trabalka and D. E. Reichle, eds., Springer, NY, 348-370.
5. 2 increase revisited. NAS Colloqium on Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change, Nov. 13-15, Irvine, CA, Proc. Nat. Acad. of Sci., 94, 8308-8313.
6. Broecker, W. S. 1974. "NO," A conservative water-mass tracer. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 23, 100-107.
7. Broecker, W. S. and T. H. Peng. 1982. Tracers in the Sea, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Eldigio Press, Palisades, NY, 690 pp.
8. 2. Nature, 277, 205-206.
9. Coatanoan, C., N. Metzl, M. Fieux and B. Coste. 1999. Seasonal water masses distribution in the Indonesian throughflow entering the Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., (submitted).
10. 2 in seawater. Mar. Chem., 25, 29-37.
11. DOE. 1994. Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water; version 2, A. G. Dickson and C. Goyet, eds., ORNL/CDIAC-74.
12. Emery, W. J. and J. Meincke. 1986. Global water masses: summary and review. Oceanol. Acta, 9, 383-391.
13. Eremeev, V. N., V. A. Ivanov, A. N. Kosarev and A. V. Polyakova. 1994. Natural peculiarities of the Arabian Sea and its problems, in Biogeochemical Processes in the Arabian Sea. MHI UNAS, 26-34.
14. 2 system properties in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Chem., 60, 49-61.
15. Goyet, C. and P. G. Brewer. 1993. Biochemical properties of the oceanic carbon cycle, in NATO ASI Series, Vol. I 11, Modelling Oceanic Climate Interactions, J. Willebrand and D. L. T. Anderson, eds., Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 271-297.
16. 2 concentration throughout the water column. Deep-Sea Res. I, 44, 859-877.
17. 2/carbonate properties in the Arabian Sea. Mar. Chem., 63, 69-79.
18. 2 in surface seawater of the Arabian Sea in 1995. Deep-Sea Res., 45, 609-623.
19. 2 fugacity in seawater. Mar. Chem., 44, 205-219.
20. 2 in the oceans. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 809-837.
21. Hinrichsen, H.-H. and M. Tomczak. 1993. Optimum multiparameter analysis of the water mass structure in the western North Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10,155-10,169.
22. Johnson, G. C., B. A. Warren and D. Olson. 1991a. Flow of bottom water in the Somali Basin. Deep-Sea Res., 38, 637-652.
23. _ 1991b. A deep boundary current in the Arabian Basin. Deep-Sea Res., 38, 653-661.
24. 2 survey 1994-1996. Mar. Chem., 63, 21-27.
25. Kuzmenko, L. V. 1994. Phytoplankton, primary production and chlorophyll concentration in the Arabian Sea, in Biogeochemical Processes in the Arabian Sea. MHI UNAS, 105-110.
26. Laws, E. A. and J. W. Archie. 1981. Appropriate use of regression analysis in marine biology. Mar. Biol., 65, 13-16.
27. Maamaatuaiahutapu, K., V. C. Garçon, C. Provost, M. Boulahdid and A. P. Osiroff. 1992. Brazil-Malvinas confluence: Water Mass Composition. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 9493-9505.
28. Mackas, D. L., K. L. Denman and A. F. Bennett. 1987. Least squares multiple tracer analysis of water mass composition. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 2907-2918.
29. Metzl, N., B. Moore and A. Poisson. 1990. Resolving the intermediate and deep advective flows in the Indian Ocean by using temperature, salinity, oxygen and phosphate data; the interplay of biogeochemical and geophysical tracers. Palaeogeo. Palaeoclimato., Palaeocecolo. (Global and Planetary Change Section), 89, 81-111.
30. Millero, F. J., E. A. Degler, D. W. O'Sullivan, C. Goyet and G. Eischeid. 1998a. The carbon dioxide system in the Arabian Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II., 45, (in press).
31. 2 survey cruises 1994-1996. Mar. Chem., 63, 9-20.
32. Millero, F. J., K. Lee and M. P. Roche. 1998e. Distribution of alkalinity in the surface waters of the major oceans. Mar. Chem., 60, 111-130.
33. 2 in the Red Sea and correlations with other geochemical tracers. J. Mar. Res., 44, 385-402.
34. Premchand, K., J. S. Sastry and C. S. Murty. 1986. Watermass structure in the western Indian Ocean-Part III: The spreading and transformation of Red Sea watermass. Mausam, 37, 317-324.
35. Redfield, A. C. 1934. On the Proportions of Organic Derivatives in Sea Water and in their Relation to the Composition of Plankton. James Johnstone Memorial Volume, Liverpool, 176 pp.
36. Ricker, W. E. 1973. Linear regressions in fishery research. J. Fish. Res. Board Can., 30, 409-434.
37. 2. Tech. Rep. 96-12, Ocean Tracers Laboratory, Dept. of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.
38. _ 1997. Surface water and atmospheric underway carbon obtained during the world ocean circulation experiment Indian Ocean survey cruises (R/V Knorr, December 1994-January 1996). ORNL/CDIAC-103, NDP-064.
39. Takahashi, T., W. S. Broecker, A. E. Brainbridge and R. F. Weiss. 1980. Carbonate chemistry of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans: The results of the GEOSECS expeditions, 1972-1978. Technical report No. 1, CV-1-80. Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, NY.
40. 2 budget. Science, 247, 1431-1438.
41. Tomczak, M. 1981. An analysis of mixing in the frontal zone of south and north Atlantic Central Water off North West Africa. Prog. Oceanogr., 10, 173-192.
42. Tomczak, M. and D. G. B. Large. 1989. Optimum multiparameter analysis of mixing in the thermocline of the Eastern Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 16141-16149.
43. Wyrtki, K. 1971. Oceanographic Atlas of the International Indian Ocean Expedition, National Science Foundation, Washington, 531 pp.
44. You, Y. 1997. Seasonal variations of thermocline circulation and ventilation in the Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,391-10,422.
45. You, Y. and M. Tomczak. 1993. Thermocline circulation and ventilation in the Indian Ocean derived from water mass analysis. Deep-Sea Res., 40, 13-56.