Reversal of human-induced vegetation changes in Sequoia National Park, California

Canadian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 399-412

  Roy, D Graham ^a,b   Vankat, John L ^a  

^a MIAMI UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FOREST ECOSYSTEM;

CALIFORNIA; SEQUOIA NATIONAL PARK; UNITED STATES;

ABIES CONCOLOR; PINUS PONDEROSA;

EID: 0032980784     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/x99-007     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adams, R.S., Ritchey, J.R., and Todd, W.G. 1966. Artificial shade improves survival of planted Douglas-fir and white fir seedlings. State For. Note Calif. Div. For. No. 28.
2. Andresen, J.W., and McCormick, J. 1962. An evaluation of devices for estimation of tree cover. Broteria, 31:1-18.
3. Ansley, J.S.A., and Battles, J.J. 1998. Forest composition, structure, and change in an old-growth mixed conifer forest in the northern Sierra Nevada. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 125: 297-308.
4. Bancroft, L., Nichols, T., Parsons, D., Graber, D., Evison, B., and van Wagtendonk, J. 1985. Evolution of the natural fire management program at Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. In Proceedings, Symposium and Workshop on Wilderness Fire, 15-18 Nov. 1983, Missoula, Mont. Technical coordinators: J.E. Lotan, B.M. Kilgore, W.C. Fischer, and R.W. Mutch. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. No. INT-182. pp. 174-180.
5. Barbour, M.G. 1988. California upland forests and woodlands. In North American terrestrial vegetation. Edited by M.G. Barbour and W.D. Billings. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. pp. 131-164.
6. Barrett, S.W., Arno, S.F., and Key, C.H. 1991. Fire regimes of western larch - lodgepole pine forests in Glacier National Park, Montana. Can. J. For. Res. 21: 1711-1720.
7. Belsky, A.J., and Blumenthal, D.M. 1997. Effects of livestock grazing on stand dynamics and soils in upland forests of the interior west. Conserv. Biol. 11: 315-327.
8. Bonnicksen, T.M., and Stone, E.C. 1982. Reconstruction of a presettlement giant sequoia - mixed conifer forest community using the aggregation approach. Ecology, 63: 1134-1148.
9. Butts, D.B. 1985. Fire policies and programs of the National Park System. In Proceedings, Symposium and Workshop on Wilderness Fire, 15-18 Nov. 1983, Missoula, Mont. Technical coordinators: J.E. Lotan, B.M. Kilgore, W.C. Fischer, and R.W. Mutch. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. No. INT-182. pp. 43-48.
10. Elliot, K.J., and Swank, W.T. 1994. Impacts of drought on tree mortality and growth in a mixed hardwood forest. J. Veg. Sci. 5: 229-236.
11. Gordon, D.R., Welker, J.M., Menke, J.W., and Rice, K.J. 1989. Competition for soil water between annual plants and blue oak (Quercus douglasii) seedlings. Oecologia, 79: 533-541.
12. Haggerty, P.K. 1994. Damage and recovery in southern Sierra Nevada foothill oak woodland after a severe ground fire. Madroño, 41: 185-198.
13. Harvey, H.T. 1980. Conclusions and management implications. In Giant sequoia ecology. Edited by H.T. Harvey, H.S. Shellhammer, and R.E. Stecker. U.S. Dep. Inter. Sci. Monogr. Ser. No. 12. pp. 143-153.
14. Harvey, H.T., and Shellhammer, H.S. 1991. Survivorship and growth of giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) Buchh.) seedlings after fire. Madroño, 38: 14-20.
15. Helms, J.A. 1987. Invasion of Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Pinaceae) into mountain meadows at Yosemite National Park, CA. Madroño, 34: 91-97.
16. Hickman, J.C. (Editor). 1993. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley.
17. Keifer, M., and Stanzler, P.M. 1995. Fire effects monitoring in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. In Proceedings: Symposium on Fire in Wilderness and Park Management, 30 Mar. - 1 Apr. 1993, Ogden, Utah. Technical coordinators: J.K. Brown, R.W. Mutch, C.W. Spoon, and R.H. Wakimoto. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. No. INT-320. pp. 215-218.
18. Kilgore, B.M. 1973a. The ecological role of fire in Sierran conifer forests: its application to national park management. Quat. Res. 3: 496-513.
19. Kilgore, B.M. 1973b. Impact of prescribed burning on a sequoia -mixed conifer forest. In Proc. Tall Timbers Fire Ecol. Conf. 12: 345-375.
20. Kilgore, B.M., and Briggs, G.S. 1972. Restoring fire to high elevation forests in California. J. For. 70: 266-271.
21. Kilgore, B.M., and Taylor, D. 1979. Fire history of a sequoia -mixed conifer forest. Ecology, 60: 129-142.
22. Lambert, S. 1983. Forest tree dynamics of the mixed conifer communities of Sequoia National Park. Crossoma, 9: 5-9.
23. Madany, M.H., and West, N.E. 1983. Livestock grazing - fire regime interactions within montane forests of Zion National Park, Utah. Ecology, 64: 661-667.
24. McClaran, M.P., and Bartolome, J.W. 1989. Fire related recruitment in stagnant Quercus douglasii populations. Can. J. For. Res. 19: 580-585.
25. McCune, B., and Mefford, M.J. 1995. PC-ORD. Multivariate analysis of ecological data, version 2.0 edition. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, Oreg.
26. Mensing, S.A. 1992. The impact of European settlement on blue oak (Quercus douglasii) regeneration and recruitment in the Tehachapi Mountains, California. Madroño, 39: 36-46.
27. Minnich, R.A., Barbour, M.G., Burk, J.H., and Fernau, R.F. 1995. Sixty years of change in California conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains. Conserv. Biol. 9: 902-914.
28. Parsons, D. J. 1981. The historical role of fire in the foothill communities of Sequoia National Park. Madroño, 28: 111-120.
29. Parsons, D.J., and DeBenedetti, S.H. 1979. Impact of fire suppression on a mixed-conifer forest. For. Ecol. Manage. 2: 21-33.
30. Pickett, S.T.A., and White, P.S. 1985. Patch dynamics: a synthesis. In The ecology of natural disturbance and patch dynamics. Edited by S.T.A. Pickett and P. S. White. Academic Press, Orlando, Fla. pp. 371-384.
31. Pitcher, D.C. 1987. Fire history and age structure in red fir forests of Sequoia National Park, California. Can. J. For. Res. 17: 582-587.
32. Pyne, S.J. 1982. Fire in America: a cultural history of wildland and rural fire. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
33. Pyne, S.J. 1984. Introduction to wildland fire: fire management in the United States. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
34. Roy, D.G. 1997. Reversal of human induced vegetation changes in Sequoia National Park, California. M.S. thesis, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio.
35. Rundel, P.W., Parsons, D.J., and Gordon, D.T. 1977. Montane and subalpine vegetation of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Ranges. In Terrestrial vegetation of California. Edited by M.G. Barbour and J. Major. John Wiley & Sons, New York. pp. 559-594.
36. SAS Institute Inc. 1990. SAS procedures guide, version 6. 3rd ed. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C.
37. Savage, M. 1994. Anthropogenic and natural disturbance patterns of mortality in a mixed conifer forest in California. Can. J. For. Res. 24: 1149-1159.
38. Sherman, R.J., and Warren, R.K. 1988. Factors in Pinus ponderosa and Calocedrus decurrens mortality in Yosemite Valley, USA. Vegetatio, 77: 79-85.
39. Sokal, R.R., and Rohlf, F.J. 1995. Biometry. W.H. Freeman & Co., New York.
40. Stephenson, N.L. 1988. Climatic control of vegetation distribution: the role of water-balance with examples from North America and Sequoia National Park, California. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
41. Stephenson, N.L. 1996. Ecology and management of giant sequoia groves. In Sierra Nevada ecosystem project: final report to Congress. Vol. 2, Assessments and scientific basis of management options. Centers for water and wildland resources. University of California, Davis. pp. 1431-1467.
42. Swetnam, T.W. 1993. Fire history and climate change in giant sequoia groves. Science (Washington, D.C.), 262: 885-889.
43. Swezy, D.M., and Agee, J.K. 1991. Prescribed-fire effects on fine root and tree mortality in old-growth ponderosa pine. Can. J. For. Res. 21: 626-634.
44. Tande, G.F. 1979. Fire history and vegetation pattern of coniferous forests in Jasper National Park, Alberta. Can. J. Bot. 57: 1912-1931.
45. Taylor, A.H. 1993. Fire history and structure of red fir (Abies magnifica) forests, Swain Mountain Experimental Forest, Cascade Range, northeastern California. Can. J. For. Res. 23: 1672-1678.
46. Vale, T.R. 1981. Tree invasion of montane meadows in Oregon. Am. Midl. Nat. 105: 61-69.
47. Vale, T.R. 1987. Vegetation change and park purposes in the high elevations of Yosemite National Park, California. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 77: 1-18.
48. Vankat, J.L. 1970. Vegetation changes in Sequoia National Park, California. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Davis.
49. Vankat, J.L. 1977. Fire and man in Sequoia National Park. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 67: 17-27.
50. Vankat, J.L. 1982. A gradient perspective on the vegetation of Sequoia National Park, California. Madroño, 29: 200-214.
51. Vankat, J.L., and Major, J. 1978. Vegetation changes in Sequoia National Park, California. J. Biogeogr. 5: 377-402.