Fracture incidence in Olmsted County, Minnesota: Comparison of urban with rural rates and changes in urban rates over time

Osteoporosis International

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 29-37

  Melton III, L J ^a   Crowson, C S ^a   O'Fallon, W M ^a  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Fracture; Incidence; Osteoporosis; Secular trends

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; FEMALE; FOREARM FRACTURE; FRACTURE; HIP FRACTURE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; UNITED STATES; URBAN RURAL DIFFERENCE; VERTEBRA FRACTURE;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MINNESOTA; RURAL POPULATION; TIME FACTORS; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 0032978718     PISSN: 0937941X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s001980050113     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Seeley DG, Browner WS, Nevitt MC, Genant HK, Scott JC, Cummings SR for the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Which fractures are associated with low appendicular bone mass in elderly women? Ann Intern Med 1991;115:837-42.
2. Seeley DG, Browner WS, Nevitt MC, Genant HK, Cummings SR for the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Almost all fractures are Osteoporotic [abstract]. J Bone Miner Res 1995:10(Supple 1).S468
3. Ray NF, Chan JK, Thamer M, Melton LJ III. Medical expenditures for the treatment of Osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995: report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation. J Bone Miner Res 1997;12:24-35.
4. Eddy DM, Johnston CC, Cummings SR, Dawson-Hughes B, Lindsay R, Melton LJ III, Slemenda C. Osteoporosis: cost-effectiveness analysis and review of the evidence for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Osteoporos Int 1998;8:Suppl 4.
5. Melton LJ III, Chrischilles EA, Cooper C, Lane AW, Riggs BL. Perspective. How many women have Osteoporosis? J Bone Miner Res 1992;7:1005-10.
6. Griffin MR, Ray WA, Fought RL, Melton LJ III. Black-white differences in fracture rates. Am J Epidemiol 1992;136:1378-85.
7. Baron JA, Karagas M, Barrett J, Kniffin W, Malenka D, Mayor M, Keller RB. Basic epidemiology of fractures of the upper and lower limb among Americans over 65 years of age. Epidemiology 1996;7:612-8.
8. Anonymous. Incidence and costs to Medicare of fractures among Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥ 65 years: United States, July 1991-June 1992. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1996;45:877-83.
9. Garraway WM, Stauffer RN, Kurland LT, O'Fallon WM. Limb fractures in a defined population. I. Frequency and distribution. Mayo Clin Proc 1979;54:701-7.
10. Fisher ES, Baron JA, Malenka DJ, Barrett J, Bubolz TA. Overcoming potential pitfalls in the use of Medicare data for epidemiologic research. Am J Public Health 1990;80:1487-90.
11. Garraway WM, Stauffer RN, Kurland LT, O'Fallon WM. Limb fractures in a defined population. II. Orthopedic treatment and utilization of health care. Mayo Clin Proc 1979;54:708-13.
12. Obrant KJ, Bengnér U, Johnell O, Nilsson BE, Sernbo I. Increasing age-adjusted risk of fragility fractures: a sign of increasing Osteoporosis in successive generations? Calcif Tissue Int 1989;44:157-67.
13. Cooper C, Atkinson EJ, Kotowicz M, O'Fallon WM, Melton LJ III. Secular trends in the incidence of postmenopausal vertebral fractures. Calcif Tissue Int 1992;51:100-4.
14. Melton LJ III, Atkinson EJ, Madhok R, Downturn in hip fracture incidence. Public Health Rep 1996;111:146-50.
15. Melton LJ III, Amadio PC, Crowson CS, O'Fallon WM. Long-term trends in the incidence of distal forearm fractures. Osteoporos Int 1998;8:341-8..
16. Melton LJ III. History of the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Mayo Clin Proc 1996;71:266-74.
17. ICD-9-CM. International classification of diseases, 9th revision clinical modification. Vol 1: Diseases tabular list. Ann Arbor. MI: Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities, 1978.
18. Melton LJ III. The threat to medical-records research. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1466-70.
19. Cooper C, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallon WM, Melton LJ III. Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: a population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1985-1989. J Bone Miner Res 1992;7:221-7.
20. Mahoney MC, LaBrie DS, Nasca PC, Wolfgang PE, Burnett WS. Population density and cancer mortality differentials in New York State, 1978-1982. Int J Epidemiol 1990;19:483-90.
21. Bergstralh EJ, Offord KP, Chu CP, Beard CM, O'Fallon WM, Melton LJ III. Calculating incidence, prevalence and mortality rates for Olmsted County, Minnesota: an update. Technical report no. 49, Section of Biostatistics. Rochester, MN: Mayo Clinic, April 1992.
22. McCullagh P, Nelder JA, Generalized linear models. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1983:127-47.
23. Bengnér U, Johnell O, Redlund-Johnell I. Epidemiology of ankle fracture 1950 and 1980: increasing incidence in elderly women. Acta Orthop Scand 1986;57:35-7.
24. Bengnér U, Johnell O, Redlund-Johnell I. Increasing incidence of tibia condyle and patella fractures. Acta Orthop Scand 1986;57:334-6.
25. Bengnér U, Johnell O, Redlund-Johnell I. Changes in the incidence of fracture of the upper end of the humerus during a 30-year period: a study of 2125 fractures. Clin Orthop 1988;231:179-82.
26. Kannus P, Parkkari J, Niemi S, Pasanen M, Järvinen M, Vuori I. The number and incidence of minor trauma knee fractures are increasing in elderly women but not in elderly men. Osteoporos Int 1997;7:149-54.
27. Bengnér U, Johnell O. Increasing incidence of forearm fractures: a comparison of epidemiologic patterns 25 years apart. Acta Orthop Scand 1985;56:158-60.
28. Melton LJ III, Therneau TM, Larson DR. Long-term trends in hip fracture prevalence: the influence of hip fracture incidence and survival. Osteoporos Int 1998;8:68-74.
29. Bengnér U, Johnell O, Redlund-Johnell I. Changes in incidence and prevalence of vertebral fractures during 30 years. Calcif Tissue Int 1988;42:293-6.
30. Gärdsell P, Johnell O, Nilsson BE, Sernbo I. Bone mass in an urban and a rural population: a comparative, population-based study in Southern Sweden. J Bone Miner Res 1991;6:67-75.
31. Jonsson B, Gardsell P, Johnell O, Redlund-Johnell I, Sernbo I. Differences in fracture pattern between an urban and a rural population: a comparative population-based study in southern Sweden. Osteoporos Int 1992;2:269-73.
32. Madhok R, Melton LJ III, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallon WM, Lewallen DG. Urban vs rural increase in hip fracture incidence: age and sex of 901 cases 1980-89 in Olmsted County, USA. Acta Orthop Scand 1993;64:543-8.
33. Johnell O, Melton LJ, Nilsson JA. Are annual fluctuations in hip fracture incidence dependent upon the underlying mortality rate? Osteoporosis Int 1998;8:192-5.
34. Swanson AJG, Murdoch G. Fractured neck of femur: pattern of incidence and implications. Acta Orthop Scand 1983;54:348-55.
35. Jacobsen SJ, Goldberg J, Miles TP, Brody JA, Stiers W, Rimm AA. Regional variation in the incidence of hip fracture: US white women aged 65 years and older. JAMA 1990;264:500-2.
36. Falch JA, Ilebekk A, Slungaard U. Epidemiology of hip fractures in Norway. Acta Orthop Scand 1985;56:12-6.
37. Finsen V, Benum P, Changing incidence of hip fractures in rural and urban areas of central Norway. Clin Orthop 1987;218:104-10.
38. Mannius S, Mellström D, Odén A, Rundgren Å, Zetterberg C. Incidence of hip fracture in western Sweden 1974-1982: comparison of rural and urban populations. Acta Orthop Scand 1987;58:38-42.
39. Sernbo I, Johnell O, Andersson T. Differences in the incidence of hip fracture: comparison of an urban and a rural population in southern Sweden. Acta Orthop Scand 1988;59:382-5.
40. Jarnlo G-B, Jakobsson B, Ceder L, Thorngren K-G. Hip fracture incidence in Lund, Sweden, 1966-1986. Acta Orthop Scand 1989;60:278-82.
41. Larsson S, Eliasson P, Hansson L-I. Hip fractures in northern Sweden 1973-1984: a comparison of rural and urban populations. Acta Orthop Scand 1989;60:567-71.
42. Ray WA, Griffin MR, West R, Strand L, Melton LJ III. Incidence of hip fracture in Saskatchewan, Canada, 1976-1985. Am J Epidemiol 1990;131:502-9.
43. Knowelden J, Buhr AJ, Dunbar O. Incidence of fractures in persons over 35 years of age: a report to the MRC Working Party on Fractures in the Elderly. Br J Prev Soc Med 1964;18:130-41.
44. Donaldson LJ, Cook A, Thomson RG. Incidence of fractures in a geographically defined population. J Epidemiol Community Health 1990;44:241-5.
45. Melton LJ III, Sampson JM, Morrey BF, Ilstrup DM. Epidemiologic features of pelvic fractures. Clin Orthop 1981;155:43-7.
46. Melton LJ III, O'Fallon WM, Riggs BL. Secular trends in the incidence of hip fractures. Calcif Tissue Int 1987;41:57-64.