Measuring emotional memory in the elevated T-maze using a training-to-criterion procedure

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

Volumn 63, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 63-69

  Conde, Carlos Arturo ^a   Costa, Victor ^a   Tomaz, Carlos ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRASILIA   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Anxiety Fear; Diazepam; Elevated T maze; Memory; Training to criterion

Indexed keywords

ANXIOLYTIC AGENT; DIAZEPAM;

ANIMAL MODEL; ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EMOTION; INTRAPERITONEAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LEARNING; MALE; MAZE TEST; MEMORY; MODEL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; TRAINING;

AMNESIA; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS; AVOIDANCE LEARNING; DIAZEPAM; EMOTIONS; ESCAPE REACTION; MALE; MAZE LEARNING; MEMORY; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

EID: 0032966696     PISSN: 00913057     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00251-2     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Davis M. The role of the amygdala in conditioned fear. Aggleton J. The amygdala. Neurobiological aspects of emotion, memory, and mental dysfunction:1992;255-305 Wiley-Liss, Inc, New York.
2. Decker M.W., Tran T., McGaugh J.L. A comparison of the effects of scopolamine and diazepam on acquisition and retention of inhibitory avoidance in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 100:1990;515-521.
3. File S.E. The interplay of learning and anxiety in the elevated plus-maze. Behav. Brain Res. 58:1993;199-202.
4. 3 receptor antagonist BRL 46470A. Neuropsychobiology. 33:1996;189-195.
5. Graeff F.G., Viana M., Tomaz C. The elevated T-maze, a new experimental model of anxiety and memory. Effect of diazepam Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 26:1993;1-4.
6. Graeff F.G., Silveira M.C.L., Nogueira R.L., Audi E.A., Oliveira R.M.W. Role of the amygdala and periaqueductal gray in anxiety and panic. Behav. Brain Res. 58:1993;123-131.
7. Graeff F.G., Viana M.B., Mora P.O. Opposed regulation by dorsal raphe nucleus 5-HT pathways of two types of fear in the elevated T-maze. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 53:1996;171-177.
8. Izquierdo I., Pereira M.E., Medina J.H. Benzodiazepine receptor ligand influences on acquisition. Suggestion of an endogenous modulatory mechanism mediated by benzodiazepine receptors Behav. Neural Biol. 54:1990;27-41.
9. Lister R.G. The amnesic action of benzodiazepines in man. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 9:1985;87-94.
10. Montgomery K.C. The relation between fear induced by novel stimulation and exploratory behavior. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 48:1955;254-260.
11. Montgomery K.C., Monkman J.A. The relation between fear and exploratory behavior. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 48:1955;132-136.
12. Pellow S., Chopin P., File S.E., Briley Y.M. Validation of open-closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat. J. Neurosci. Methods. 14:1985;149-167.
13. Pellow S., File S.E. Anxiolytic and anxiogenic drug effects on exploratory activity in an elevated plus-maze. A novel test of anxiety in the rat Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 24:1986;525-529.
14. Pesold C., Treit D. The central and basolateral amygdala differentially mediate the anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines. Brain Res. 671:1995;213-221.
15. Souza-Silva M.A., Tomaz C. Amnesia after diazepam infusion into basolateral but not central amygdala of rattus norvegicus. Neuropsychobiology. 32:1995;31-36.
16. Thiébot M. Some evidence for amnesic-like effects of benzodiazepine in animals. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 9:1985;95-100.
17. Tomaz C., Dickinson-Anson H., McGaugh J.L., Souza-Silva M.A., Viana M.B., Graeff F.G. Localization in the amygdala of the amnestic action of diazepam on emotional memory. Behav. Brain Res. 58:1993;99-105.
18. Viana M.B., Tomaz C., Graeff F.G. The elevated T-maze. A new animal model of anxiety and memory Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 49:1994;549-554.
19. Zangrossi H., Graeff F.G. Behavioral validation of the elevated T-maze, a new animal model of anxiety. Brain Res. Bull. 44:1997;1-5.
20. Zola-Morgan S., Squire L., Alvarez-Royo P., Clower R. Independence of memory functions and emotional behavior. Separate contributions of the hipocampal formation and the amygdala Hippocampus. 1:1991;207-220.