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Kerry NL, Abbey M. Red wine and fractionated phenolic compounds prepared from red wine inhibit low density lipoprotein oxidation in vitro. Atherosclerosis 1997; 135:93-102. Using a conventional in-vitro approach, these authors show that red wine but not ethanol or red wine depleted in phenolic compounds markedly delay and lower LDL oxidation and reduce uptake of this LDL by cultured macrophages. Red wine fractions rich in catechins and monomeric anthocyanidins displayed the most important effects.
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Nigdikar SV, Williams NR, Griffin BA, Howard AN. Consumption of red wine polyphenols reduces the susceptibility of low-density lipoproteins to oxidation in vivo. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68:258-265. This paper reports on an intervention study during which healthy men ingested phenolic supplements for 2 weeks, in the form of red or white wine (375 ml/day) or extracted polyphenols from red or white wine (1 g/day). The lag-time for copper- induced oxidation of LDL was increased and plasma lipid peroxides decreased after consumption of the supplements. It is pointed out that the use of different techniques could give rise to conflicting data in different studies.
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Carbonneau MA, Leger CL, Monnier L, Bonnet C, Michel F, Fouret G, et al. Supplementation with wine phenolic compounds increases the antioxidant capacity of plasma and vitamin E of low-density lipoprotein without changing the lipoprotein Cu(2+)-oxidizability: possible explanation by phenolic location. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997; 51:682-690. A group of healthy volunteers was tested before and after supplementation with a red wine phenolic extract. The antioxidant capacity of the plasma was enhanced after supplementation and the respective action of compounds at the lipid interface or aqueous phase was investigated.
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