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In 1976, the FDA and the National Cancer Institute introduced the Group C program, which authorized the distribution of investigational anticancer agents for treatment purposes. Subsequent FDA initiatives targeted drugs intended for a broader range of conditions considered to be serious or life-threatening.
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Pub. L. No. 105-115, 111 Stat. 2296 (Nov. 21, 1997).
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26444459437
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note
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FDA review is not necessarily synonymous with FDA approval. The FDA review period ends with the issuance of an action letter, which may take one of three forms: an approval letter, an approvable letter (specifying an application's deficiencies and the steps needed to rectify the problems), or a non-approvable letter.
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11
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Pub. L. No. 105-115, 111 Stat. 2296 Nov. 21
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Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997, Pub. L. No. 105-115, 111 Stat. 2296 (Nov. 21, 1997). The FDA performance goals are set forth in letters from the Secretary of Health and Human Services to the chairman of the Committee on Commerce of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate and dated November 12, 1997.
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The database includes NCEs approved in the US from 1963 to the present. An NCE is defined as any new molecular compound not previously approved in the US, excluding vaccines, diagnostic agents, new salts, esters, and dosage forms of previously approved compounds. A small number of biologics reviewed and approved by the FDA's CDER are included in the database and in the samples discussed in this commentary.
-
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22
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26444591573
-
-
note
-
Over the seven-year periods, 1963-1969 and 1990-1996, the PDA approved 9 and 21 antineoplastics, respectively. Complete development phase data were available for seven drugs approved from 1963-1969, and for 20 drugs approved in the 1990s.
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23
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Tufts CSDD's Early Access/Accelerated Approval Database includes all drugs designated as treatment INDs since 1987 and all drugs approved under the accelerated approval regulations since the effective date of the regulations in January 1993.
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Between 1987 and 1996, the FDA designated a total of 44 treatment INDs, 35 of which have received FDA marketing approval. The mean early access period for this broader group of products was similar to that for the ten antineoplastics (1.4 years).
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30
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26444503751
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Two additional accelerated approvals were granted in 1997. Neither approval involved an antineoplastic.
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