Risk factors for macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Care

Volumn 22, Issue SUPPL. 3, 1999, Pages

  Steiner, George ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b TORONTO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN B; ATORVASTATIN; CHOLESTEROL; FENOFIBRATE; GEMFIBROZIL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; INTERMEDIATE DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; SIMVASTATIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ATHEROGENESIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONFERENCE PAPER; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DYSLIPOPROTEINEMIA; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; KIDNEY DISEASE; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

EID: 0032956203     PISSN: 01495992     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (46)

1. Steiner G: Atherosclerosis, the major complication of diabetes. In Comparison of Type I and Type II Diabetes. Vranic M, Hollenberg CH, Steiner G, Eds. New York, Plenum, 1985, p. 277-297
2. Hamsten A, Steiner G: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis: a lipoprotem perspective (Editorial). J Intern Med Suppl 736:1-3, 1994
3. Joslin EP: Arteriosclerosis and diabetes. Ann Clin Med 5:1061, 1927
4. Duff GL, McMillan GC: The effect of alloxan diabetes on experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis in the rabbit: I. The inhibition of experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis in alloxan diabetes: II. The effect of alloxan diabetes on the retrogression of experimental cholesterol atherosclerosis. J Exp Med 89:611-630, 1949
5. Harris MI: Hypercholesterolemia in diabetes and glucose intolerance in the U.S. population. Diabetes Care 14:366-374, 1991
6. Laker ME, Winocour PF: Plasma lipids and lipoproteins in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Annu 6:431-456, 1991
7. Dunn FL: Hyperlipidemia in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Rev 6:47-61, 1990
8. Steiner G: The dyslipoproteinemias of diabetes. Atherosclerosis 110 (Suppl.):S27-S33, 1994
9. Dunn FL, Pietri A, Raskin P: Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Ann Intern Med 95:426-431, 1981
10. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group: U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study 27: plasma lipids and lipoproteins at diagnosis of NIDDM by age and sex. Diabetes Care 20:1683-1687, 1997
11. Haffner S. Stern MR Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK: Cardiovascular risk factors in confirmed prediabetic individuals: Does the clock for coronary disease start ticking before the onset of clinical diabetes? JAMA 263:2893-2898, 1990
12. Steiner G, Vranic M: Hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia, a vicious cycle with atherogenic potential. Int J Obes 6 (Suppl. 1):117-124, 1982
13. Steiner G, Morita S, Vranic M: Resistance to insulin but not to glucagon in lean human hypertriglyceridemics. Diabetes 29:899-905, 1980
14. Steiner G: Altering triglyceride concentrations changes insulin: a double-blind study using gemfibrozil with implications for atherosclerosis. Diabetes Care 14:1077-1081, 1991
15. Shen DC, Fuh MM, Shieh SM, Chen YD, Reaven GM: Effect of gemfibrozil treatment in sulfonylurea-treated patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 73:503-510, 1991
16. Vuorinen-Markkola H, Yki-Jarvinen H, Taskinen MR: Lowering of triglycerides by gemfibrozil affects neither the glucoregulatory nor antilipolytic effect of insulin in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Diabetologia 36:161-169, 1993
17. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD.: Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-yr cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 16:434-444, 1993
18. Vlassara H: Advanced glycation end-products and atherosclerosis. Ann Med 28:419-426, 1996
19. Jensen T. Micro-albuminuria and large vessel disease in diabetes. J Hvpertens Suppl 10:S21-S24, 1992
20. Ferrannini E, Santoro D, Manicardi V: The association of essential hypertension and diabetes. Compr Ther 15:51-58, 1989
21. Tschoepe D, Roesen P, Schwippert B, Gries FA: Platelets in diabetes: the role in the hemostatic regulation in atherosclerosis. Semin Thromb Hemost 19:122-128, 1993
22. Bucala R, Makita Z, Vega G, Grundy S, Koschinsky T, Cerami A, Vlassara H: Modification of low density lipoprotein by advanced glycation end products contributes to the dyslipidemia of diabetes and renal insufficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:9441-9445, 1994
23. Velazquez E. Winocour PH, Kesteven P, Alberti KG, Laker MF: Relation of lipid peroxides to macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 8:752-758, 1991
24. Feingold KR, Grunfeld C, Pang M, Doerrler W, Krauss RM: LDL subclass phenotypes and triglyceride metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Arterioscler Thromb 12:1496-1502, 1992
25. Hokanson JE, Austin MA: Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies. J Cardiovascular Risk 3:213-219, 1996
26. West KM, Ahuja MMS, Bennett PH: The role of circulating glucose and triglyceride concentrations and their interactions with other "risk factors" as determinants of arterial disease in nine diabetic population samples from the WHO Multinational Study. Diabetes Care 6:361-369, 1983
27. Fontbonne A, Eschwege E, Cambien F, Richard JL, Ducimetiere P, Thibult N, Warnet JM, Claude JR, Rosselin GE: Hypertriglyceridaemia as a ask factor of coronary heart disease mortality in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes: results from the 11-year follow-up of the Pans Prospective Study. Diabetologia 32:300-304, 1989
28. Laakso M, Lehto S, Penttila I, Pyorala K: Lipids and lipoproteins predicting coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Circulation 88:1421-1430, 1993
29. Steiner G, Tkac I, Uffelman KD, Lewis GF: Important contribution of lipoprotein particle number to plasma triglyceride concentration in type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 137:211-214, 1998
30. Poapst M, Reardon M, Steiner G: Relative contribution of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle size and number to plasma triglyceride concentration. Arteriosclerosis 5:381-390, 1985
31. Jones HB, Gofman JW, Lindgren FT, Lyon TP, Graham DM, Strisower B, Nichols AV: Lipoproteins in atherosclerosis. Am J Med 11:358, 1951
32. Steiner G, Schwartz L, Shumak S, Poapst M: The association of increased levels of intermediate-density lipoproteins with smoking and with coronary artery disease. Circulation 75:124-130, 1987
33. Reardon MF, Nestel PJ, Craig IH, Harper RW: Lipoprotein predictors of the severity of coronary artery disease in men and women. Circulation 71:881-888, 1985
34. Tkac I, Kimball B, Lewis G, Uffelman K, Steiner G: The severity of coronary atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to the number of circulating triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles. Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol 17:3633-3638, 1997
35. Anonymous: Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) (See comments). Lancet 344:1383-1389, 1994
36. Anonymous: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results I. Reduction in the incidence of coronary heart disease. JAMA 251:351-364, 1984
37. Anonymous: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA 251:365-374, 1984
38. Pyorala K, Steiner G: Will correction of dyslipoproteinaemia reduce coronary heart disease risk in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes? Need for trial evidence. Ann Med 28:357-362, 1996
39. Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, Roleau JL, Rutherford JD, Cole TG, Brown L, Warnica JW, Arnold JM, Wun CC, Davis BR, Braunwald E: The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 335:1001-1009, 1996
40. Frick MH, Elo O, Haapa K, Heinonen OP, Heinsalmi P, Helo P, Huttunen JK, Kaitaniemi P, Koskinen P, Manninen V: Helsinki Heart Study: primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia: safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 317:1237-1245, 1987
41. Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlane PW McKillop JH, Packard CJ: Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia: West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 333:1301-1307, 1995
42. Koskinen P, Manttari M, Manninen V, Huttunen JK, Heinonen OP, Heikki Frick M: Coronary heart disease incidence in NIDDM patients in the Helsinki Heart Study. Diabetes Care 15:820-825, 1992
43. Pyorala K, Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Faergeman O, Olsson AG, Thorgeirsson G: Cholesterol lowering with simvastatin improves prognosis of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: a subgroup analysis of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Diabetes Care 20:614-620, 1997
44. Rubins HB: VA-HIT (presented at Late-Breaking Clinical Trials Session Am. Heart Assn. Meeting Nov. 1998)
45. Elekeles RS, Diamond JR, Poulter C, Dhanjil S, Nicolaides AN, Mahmood S, Richmond W, Mather H, Sharp P, Feher MD, The SENDCAP study group: Cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a double-blind placebo-controlled study of bezafibrate: St. Mary's, Ealing, Northwick Park Diabetes Cardiovascular Disease Prevention (SENDCAP) Study. Diabetes Care 21:641-648, 1998
46. Steiner G: The Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study (DAIS), a study conducted in cooperation with the World Health Organization. Diabetologia 39:1655-1661, 1996