Competitive interactions between Nardus stricta L. and Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull: The effect of fertilizer and defoliation on above- and below-ground performance

Journal of Ecology

Volumn 87, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 330-340

  Hartley, S E ^a   Amos, L ^a  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Above ground biomass; Competition; Mycorrhizal infection; Nutrient uptake; Root length

Indexed keywords

COMPETITION;

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; BELOWGROUND BIOMASS; DEFOLIATION; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY;

CALLUNA VULGARIS; NARDUS STRICTA;

EID: 0032954148     PISSN: 00220477     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00353.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Abbot, L.K. & Robson, A.D. (1985) Formation of external hyphae in soil by four species of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytologist, 99, 245-255.
2. Aerts, R. (1989) Aboveground biomass and nutrient dynamics of Calluna vulgaris and Molinia caerulea in a dry heathland. Oikos, 56, 31-38.
3. Aerts, R. (1993) Biomass and nutrient dynamics of dominant plant species from heathlands. Heathlands: Patterns and Processes in a Changing Environment (eds R. Aerts & G.W. Heil), pp. 51-84. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
4. Aerts, R. & Berendse, F. (1988) The effect of increased nutrient availability on nutrient dynamics in wet heathlands. Vegetatio, 76, 63-69.
5. Aerts, R., Berendse, F., de Caluwe, H. & Schmitz, M. (1990) Competition in heathland along an experimental gradient of nutrient availability. Oikos, 57, 310-318.
6. Aerts, R., Boot, R.G.A. & van der Aart, P.J.M. (1991) The relation between above-and belowground biomass allocation patterns and competitive ability. Oecologia, 87, 551-559.
7. Ali, B. (1996) Occurrence and characteristics of the vesicular-arbuscular endophyte of Nardus stricta. Nova Hedwigia, XVII, 409-425.
8. Allen, S.E. (1989) Chemical Analysis of Ecological Materials, 2nd edn. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
9. Allen, E.B. & Allen, M.F. (1986) Water relations of xeric grasses in the field: interactions of mycorrhizae and competition. New Phytologist, 104, 559-571.
10. Allen, E.B. & Allen, M.F. (1990) The mediation of competition by mycorrhizae in successional and patchy environments. Perspectives in Plant Competition (eds J.B. Grace & D. Tilman), pp. 367-390. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
11. Berendse, F. (1985) The effect of grazing on the outcome of competition between plant species with different nutrient requirements. Oikos, 44, 35-39.
12. Berendse, F. & Aerts, R. (1984) Competition between Erica tetralix L. and Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench as affected by the availability of nutrients. Acta Oecologica, 5, 3-14.
13. Berendse, F. & Elberse, W.T. (1990) Competition and nutrient availability in heathland and grassland ecosystems. Perspectives in Plant Competition (eds J.B. Grace & D. Tilman), pp. 93-116. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
14. Berendse, F., Schmitz, M. & de Visser, W. (1994) Experimental manipulation of succession in heathland ecosystems. Oecologia, 100, 38-44.
15. Bobbink, R., Hornug, M. & Roelofs, J.G.M. (1998) The effects of airborne pollutants on species diversity in natural and semi-natural European vegetation. Journal of Ecology, 86, 717-738.
16. Brundrett, M., Melville, L. & Peterson, L. (1975) Practical methods in mycorrhizal research. Workshop in Conjunction with the 9th North American Conference on Mycorrhizae, Ontario, Canada. Mycologue Publications, Waterloo, Canada.
17. Caporn, S.J.M., Song, W., Read, D.J. & Lee, J.A. (1995) The effect of repeated nitrogen fertilization on mycorrhizal infection in heather (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull). New Phytologist, 129, 605-609.
18. Coley, P.D., Bryant, J.P. & Chapin, F.S. (1985) Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. Science, 230, 895-899.
19. Crawley, M.J. (1997) Plant-herbivore dynamics. Plant Ecology (ed. M.J. Crawley), pp. 410-472. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.
20. Fitter, A.H. (1985) Functioning of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas under field conditions. New Phytologist, 99, 257-265.
21. Gimingham, C.H. (1960) Biological flora of the British Isles: Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull. Journal of Ecology, 48, 455-483.
22. Gimingham, C.H. (1972) Ecology of Heathlands. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
23. Goldberg, D.E. (1990) Components of resource competition in plant communities. Perspectives in Plant Competition (eds J.B. Grace & D. Tilman), pp. 27-50. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
24. Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G. & Hunt, R. (1988) Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London, UK.
25. Hartley, S.E. (1997) The effects of grazing and nutrient inputs on grass-heather competition. Botanical Journal of Scotland, 49, 317-326.
26. Hashem (1995) The role of mycorrhizal infection in the tolerance of Vaccinium macrocarpon to iron. Mycorrhiza, 5, 451-454.
27. Heil, G.W. & Bruggink, M. (1987) Competition for nutrients between Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull and Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench. Oecologia, 73, 105-107.
28. Hinds, A.A. & Lowe, L.E. (1980) Application of the Berthelot reaction to the determination of ammonium-N in soil extracts and soil digests. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 11, 469-475.
29. Iason, G.R., Hartley, S.E. & Duncan, A.J. (1993) Chemical composition of Calluna vulgaris (Ericaceae): does response to fertiliser vary with phenological stage? Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 21, 315-321.
30. Leake, J.R. & Read, D.J. (1991) Proteinase activity in mycorrhizal fungi. III. Effect of protein, protein hydrolysate, glucose and ammonium on production of extracellular proteinase by Hymenoscyphus ericae (Read) Korf and Kernan. New Phytologist, 117, 309-317.
31. Leake, J.R., Shaw, G. & Read, D.J. (1989) The role of ericoid mycorrhizas in the ecology of ericaceous plants. Agriculture, Ecosystems and the Environment, 29, 237-250.
32. Louda, S.M., Keeler, K.H. & Holt, R.D. (1990) Herbivore influences on plant performance and competitive interactions. Perspectives in Plant Competition (eds J.B. Grace & D. Tilman), pp. 414-444. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
33. Marrs, R.H. (1993) Soil fertility and nature conservation in Europe: theoretical considerations and practical management solutions. Advances in Ecological Research, 24, 241-300.
34. Marrs, R.H. & Welch, D. (1991) Moorland Wilderness: The Potential Effects of Removing Domestic Livestock, Particularly Sheep. ITE Report to Department of the Environment. 88 pp. Huntingdon, Cambs.
35. Read, D.J. (1983) The biology of the mycorrhiza in the Ericales. Canadian Journal of Botany, 61, 985-1004.
36. Read, D.J. & Bajwa, R. (1985) Some nutritional aspects of the biology of ericaceous mycorrhizas. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 85B, 317-332.
37. Read, D.J. & Stribley, D.P. (1973) Effect of mycorrhizal infection on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of ericaeceous plants. Nature, 244, 81-82.
38. Read, D.J., Koucheki, H.K. & Hodgson, J. (1976) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza in natural vegetation systems. I. The occurrence of infection. New Phytologist, 77, 641-653.
39. Rowland, A.P. (1983) An automated method for the determination of ammonium-N in ecological materials. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 13, 49-63.
40. Sharma, A.K., Johri, B.N. & Gianinazzi, S. (1992) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in relation to plant disease. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 8, 559-563.
41. Stribley, D.P. & Read, D.J. (1976) The biology of mycorrhiza in the Ericacae. VI. The effect of mycorrhizal infection and concentration of ammonium nitrogen on growth of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) in sand culture. New Phytologist, 77, 63-73.
42. Stribley, D.P. & Read, D.J. (1980) The biology of mycorrhiza in the Ericacae. VII. The relationship between mycorrhizal infection and the capacity to utilize simple and complex organic nitrogen sources. New Phytologist, 86, 365-371.
43. Sydes, C. (1988) Recent Assessments of Moorland Losses in Scotland. CSD Notes 43. Nature Conservancy Council, Edinburgh, UK.
44. Tennant, D. (1975) A test of a modified line intersect method of estimating root length. Journal of Ecology, 63, 995-1001.
45. Tilman, D. (1997) Mechanisms of plant competition. Plant Ecology (ed. M.J. Crawley), pp. 239-261. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.
46. Watkinson, A.R. & Freckleton, R.P. (1997) Quantifying the impact of arbuscular mycorrhiza on plant competition. Journal of Ecology, 85, 541-546.
47. Welch, D. (1986) Studies in the grazing of heather moorland in north-east Scotland. V. Trends in Nardus stricta and other unpalatable graminoids. Journal of Applied Ecology, 23, 1047-1058.
48. Welch, D. & Scott, D. (1995) Studies in the grazing of heather moorland in north-east Scotland. VI. Twenty-year trends in botanical composition. Journal of Applied Ecology, 32, 596-611.
49. West, H.M. (1996) Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal infection on competition between Holcus lanatux and Dactylis glomerata. Journal of Ecology, 84, 429-438.
50. Yesmin, L., Gamack, S.M. & Cresser, M.S. (1996) Effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on ericoid mycorrhizal infection of Calluna vulgaris grown in peat soils. Applied Soil Ecology, 4, 49-60.