Management of cervical cancer in pregnancy

Seminars in Surgical Oncology

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 251-260

  Method, Michael W ^a   Brost, Brian C ^a  

^a KEESLER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Age factors; Biopsy; Blood transfusions; Brachytherapy; Carcinoma in situ; Cervix neoplasms; Colposcopy; Combined modality therapy; Conization; Delivery; Diagnosis; Episiotomy; Fetal death; Gestational age; Hemorrhage; Hysterectomy; Incidence; Local neoplasm recurrence; Lymph node excision; Neoplasm staging; Neoplastic pregnancy complications; Postoperative complications; Radiation dosage; Radiotherapy; Risk factors; Squamous cell carcinoma; Surgical blood loss; Survival rate; Time factors; Vaginal smears

Indexed keywords

BETAMETHASONE; CISPLATIN; DEXAMETHASONE;

ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; BLEEDING; BRACHYTHERAPY; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER STAGING; CESAREAN SECTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; NEWBORN MORBIDITY; NEWBORN MORTALITY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADICAL HYSTERECTOMY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT PLANNING; UTERINE CERVIX BIOPSY; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VAGINA BLEEDING; VAGINAL DELIVERY;

DELIVERY, OBSTETRIC; FEMALE; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, NEOPLASTIC; UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS;

EID: 0032950571     PISSN: 87560437     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2388(199904/05)16:3<251::AID-SSU11>3.0.CO;2-4     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Parkin DM, Pisani P, Ferlay J: Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 1999;49:33-64.
2. Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA: Cancer statistics, 1999. CA Cancer J Clin 1999;49:8-31.
3. Richart RM: Causes and management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [Review]. Cancer 1987;60(8 Suppl):1951-1959.
4. zur Hausen H: Human papillomaviruses in the pathogenesis of anogenital cancer [Review]. Virology 1991;184:9-13.
5. Yoo KY, Kang D, Koo HW, et al: Risk factors associated with uterine cervical cancer in Korea: a case-control study with special reference to sexual behavior. J Epidemiol 1997;7:117-123.
6. Jordan SW, Key CR, Wright DE: Selected characteristics of cervical cancer incidence cases. Acta Cytologica 1982;26:823-832.
7. de Graaff J, Stolte LA, Janssens J: Marriage and childbearing in relation to cervical cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1977;7:307-312.
8. Mandelblatt J: Squamous cell cancer of the cervix, immune senescence and HPV; is cervical cancer an age-related neoplasm? [Review]. Adv Exp Med Biol 1993;330:13-26.
9. Lutz MH, Underwood PB, Rozier JC, Putney FW: Genital malignancy in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1977;129:536-542.
10. Brinton LA, Reeves WC, Brenes MM, et al: Parity as a risk factor for cervical cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1989;130:486-496.
11. Parkin DM, Vizcaino AP, Skinner ME, Ndhlovu A: Cancer patterns and risk factors in the African population of southwestern Zimbabwe, 1963-1977. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1994;3:537-547.
12. Hacker NF, Berek JS, Lagasse LD, et al: Carcinoma of the cervix associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1982;59:735-746.
13. Creasman WT, Rutledge F, Fletcher G: Carcinoma of the cervix associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1970;36:495-501.
14. Norstrom A, Jansson I, Andersson H: Carcinoma of the uterine cervix in pregnancy. A study of the incidence and treatment in the western region of Sweden 1973 to 1992. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1997;76:583-589.
15. Pepe F, Pepe G, Guarnuto V, et al: [Cancer and pregnancy. Retrospective study on the frequency in 57,393 deliveries]. G Ital Oncol 1989;9:77-79. (Ita)
16. Duggan B, Muderspach LI, Roman LD, et al: Cervical cancer in pregnancy: reporting on planned delay in therapy [Review]. Obstet Gynecol 1993;82(4 Pt 1):598-602.
17. Kim JP, Park IS, Ahn Yo, et al: 1991 cancer incidence in Seoul, Korea: results of the implementation study of the Seoul Cancer Registry. J Korean Med Sci 1995;10:74-84.
18. Allen DG, Planner RS, Tang PT, et al: Invasive cervical cancer in pregnancy. Aust NZJ Obstet Gynaecol 1995;35:408-412.
19. Hopkins MP, Morley GW: The prognosis and management of cervical cancer associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1992;80:9-13.
20. Economos K, Perez Viridiano N, Delke I, et al: Abnormal cervical cytology in pregnancy: a 17-year experience. Obstet Gynecol 1993;81:915-919.
21. Baldauf JJ, Dreyfus M, Ritter J, Philippe E: Colposcopy and directed biopsy reliability during pregnancy: a cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1995;62:31-36.
22. Averette HE, Nasser N, Yankow SL, Little WA: Cervical conization in pregnancy. Analysis of 180 operations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1970;106:543-549.
23. rd, Atkinson WD, Becker SN: Cone biopsy during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1982;60:450-455.
24. rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1994. p. 1112-1134.
25. Meneghello E, Capraro G, Dipasquale C: Fertility and conservative treatment in the early stage of cervical cancer. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 1992;19:40-42.
26. Baltzer J, Regenbrecht ME, Kopeke W, Zander J: Carcinoma of the cervix and pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1990;31:317-323.
27. Clark MA, Naahas W, Markert RJ, Dodson MG: Cervical cancer: women aged 35 and younger compared to women aged 36 and older. Am J Clin Oncol 1991;14:352-356.
28. Zemlickis D, Lishner M, Degendorfer P, et al: Maternal and fetal outcome after invasive cervical cancer in pregnancy. J Clin Oncol 1991;9:1956-1961.
29. van der Vange N, Weverling GJ, Ketting BW, et al: The prognosis of cervical cancer associated with pregnancy: a matched cohort study. Obstet Gynecol 1995;85:1022-1026.
30. Magrina JF: Primary surgery for stage IB-IIA cervical cancer, including short-term and long-term morbidity and treatment in pregnancy [Review]. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1996;(21):53-59.
31. Photopulos GJ: Surgery or radiation for early cervical cancer [Review]. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1990;33:872-882.
32. Allen MC, Donohue PK, Dusman AE: The limits of viability - neonatal outcome of infants born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1597-1601.
33. Effect of corticosteroids for fetal maturation on perinatal outcomes. NIH Consensus Development Panel on the Effect of Corticosteroids for Fetal Maturation and Perinatal Outcomes [Review]. JAMA 1995;273:413-418.
34. Sood AK, Sorosky JI, Krogman S, et al: Surgical management of cervical cancer complicating pregnancy: a case-control study. Gynecol Oncol 1996;63:294-298.
35. Monk BJ, Montz FJ: Invasive cervical cancer complicating intrauterine pregnancy: treatement with radical hysterectomy. Obstet Gynecol 1992;80:199-203.
36. Prem KA, Makowski EL, McKelvey JL: Carcinoma of the cervix associated with pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1966;95:99-108.
37. Sablinska R, Tarlowska L, Stelmachow J: Invasive carcinoma of the cervix associated with pregnancy: correlation between patient age, advancement of cancer and gestation, and result of treatment. Gynecol Oncol 1977;5:363-373.
38. Sall S, Weingold AB, Stone ML: Cancer of the cervix in pregnancy. Bull N Y Acad Med 1969;45:328-338.
39. Lee RB, Neglia W, Park RC: Cervical carcinoma in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1981;58:584-589.
40. Sorosky JI, Squatrito R, Ndubisi BU, et al: Stage I squamous cell cervical carcinoma in pregnancy: planned delay in therapy awaiting fetal maturity. Gynecol Oncol 1995;59:207-210.
41. Greer BE, Easterling TR, McLennan DA, et al: Fetal and maternal considerations in the management of stage I-B cervical cancer during pregnancy. Gynecol Oncol 1989;34:61-65.
42. Mayr NA, Yuh WT, Zheng J, et al: Tumor size evaluated by pelvic examination compared with 3-D quantitative analysis in the prediction of outcome for cervical cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997;39:395-404.
43. th annual meeting program; 1998 Feb 7-11; Orlando, Florida. 1998;40: Abstract #1.
44. th annual meeting program; 1998 Feb 7-11; Orlando, Florida. 1998;40:Abstract #2.
45. Lanciano RM, Pajak TF, Martz K, Hanks GE: The influence of treatment time on outcome for squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix treated with radiation: a patterns-of-care study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993;25:391-397.
46. Nisker JA, Allen HH: Carcinoma of the cervix in pregnancy: In Allen HH, Nisker JA (eds): "Cancer in pregnancy: therapeutic guidelines." Mount Kisco: NY: Futura; 1986.
47. Sivanesaratnam V, Jayalakshmi P, Loo C: Surgical management of early invasive cancer of the cervix associated with pregnancy. Gynecol Oncol 1993;48:68-75.
48. Burgess SP, Waymont B: Implantation of a cervical carcinoma in an episiotomy site. Case report. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1987;94:598-599.
49. Copeland LJ, Saul PB, Sneige N: Cervical adenocarcinoma: tumor implantation in the episiotomy sites of two patients. Gynecol Oncol 1987;28:230-235.
50. rd: Squamous carcinoma of the cervix complicating pregnancy: recurrence in episiotomy after vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1989;73(5 Pt 2):850-852.
51. Cliby WA, Dodson MK, Podratz KC: Cervical cancer complicated by pregnancy: episiotomy site recurrences following vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1994;84:179-182.
52. Khalil AM, Khatib RA, Mufarrij AA, et al: Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix implanting in the episiotomy site [Review]. Gynecol Oncol 1993;51:408-410.
53. Van Dam PA, Irvine L, Lowe DG, et al: Carcinoma in episiotomy scars. Gynecol Oncol 1992;44:96-100.
54. Greenlee RM, Chervenak FA, Tovell HM: Incisional recurrence of cervical carcinoma. Report of a case. JAMA 1981;246:69-70.
55. Stenson R, Jacobs AJ, Janney CG, Schmidt DA: Incisional recurrence of squamous cell cervical carcinoma following operative staging. Gynecol Oncol 1990;39:232-235.
56. Averette HE, Nguyen HN, Donate DM, et al: Radical hysterectomy for invasive cervical cancer. A 25-year prospective experience with the Miami technique. Cancer 1993;71(4 Suppl):1422-1437.
57. Benjamin I, Barakat RR, Curtin JP, et al: Blood transfusion for radical hysterectomy before and after the discovery of transfusion-related human immunodeficiency virus infection. Obstet Gynecol 1994;84:974-978.