Replication and packaging of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus- derived synthetic minigenomes

Journal of Virology

Volumn 73, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 1535-1545

  Izeta, Ander ^a   Smerdou, Cristian ^a   Alonso, Sara ^a   Penzes, Zoltan ^a   Mendez, Ana ^a   Plana Durán, Juan ^b   Enjuanes, Luis ^a  

^a CENTRO NACIONAL DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA   (Spain)

^b Fort Dodge Veterinaria   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CORONAVIRUS; DNA FLANKING REGION; HELPER VIRUS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OPEN READING FRAME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; RNA REPLICATION; RNA STRUCTURE; VIRUS GENOME; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 0032948952     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.2.1535-1545.1999     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Ball, L. A. 1992. Cellular expression of a functional nodavirus RNA replicon from vaccinia virus vectors. J. Virol. 64:2335-2345.
2. Ball, L. A. 1995. Requirements for the self-directed replication of flock house virus RNA I. J. Virol. 69:720-727.
3. Ballesteros, M. L., C. M. Sanchez, and L. Enjuanes. 1997. Two amino acid changes at the N-terminus of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus spike protein result in the loss of enteric tropism. Virology 227:378-388.
4. Berglund, P., C. Smerdou, M. N. Fleeton, I. Tubulekas, and P. Liljestrom. 1998. Enhancing immune responses using suicidal DNA vaccines. Nat. Biolechnol. 16:562-565.
5. Bos, E. C. W., J. C. Dobbe, W. Luytjes, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1997. A subgenomic mRNA transcript of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 defective interfering (DI) RNA is packaged when it contains the DI packaging signal. J. Virol. 71:5684-5687.
6. Boyer, J. C., and A. L. Haenni. 1994. Infectious transcripts and cDNA clones of RNA viruses. Virology 198:415-426.
7. Brian, D. A., R. Y. Chang, M. A. Hofmann, and P. B. Sethna. 1994. Role of subgenomic minus strand RNA in coronavirus replication. Arch. Virol. 9: 173-180.
8. Brian, D. A., and W. J. M. Spaan. 1997. Recombination and coronavirus defective interfering RNAs. Semin. Virol. 8:101-111.
9. Bronstein, I., J. Fortin, P. E. Stanley, G. S. A. B. Stewart, and L. J. Kricka. 1994. Chemiluminescent and bioluminescent reporter gene assays. Anal. Biochem. 219:169-181.
10. Bronstein, I., J. J. Fortin, J. C. Voyta, R.-R. Juo, B. Edwards, C. E. M. Olenses, N. Lijam, and L. J. Kricka. 1994. Chemiluminescent reporter gene assays: sensitive detection of the GUS and SEAP gene products. BioTechniques 17:172-177.
11. Bronstein, I., C. S. Martin, J. J. Fortin, C. E. M. Olesen, and J. C. Voyta. 1996. Chemiluminescence: sensitive detection technology for reporter gene assays. Clin. Chem. 42:1542-1546.
12. Chang, R. Y., M. A. Hofmann, P. B. Sethna, and D. A. Brian. 1994. A cis-acting function for the coronavirus leader in defective interfering RNA replication. J. Virol. 68:8223-8231.
13. Clever, J. L., and T. G. Parslow. 1997. Mutant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes with defects in RNA dimerization or encapsidation. J. Virol. 71:3407-3414.
14. Dalton, K., Z. Penzes, C. Wroe, K. Stirrups, S. Evans, K. Shaw, T. D. K. Brown, P. Britton, and D. Cavanagh. 1998. Sequence elements involved in the rescue of IBV defective RNA CD-91. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 440:253-258.
15. De Guzman, R. N., Z.-R. Wu, C. C. Stalling, L. Pappalardo, P. N. Borer, and M. F. Summers. 1998. Structure of the HI V-1 nucleocapsid protein bound to the SL3 ψ-RNA recognition element. Science 279:384-388.
16. Dubensky, J., T. W., D. A. Driver, J. M. Polo, B. A. Belli, E. M. Latham, C. E. Ibanez, S. Chada, D. Brumm, T. A. Banks, S. J. Mento, D. J. Jolly, and S. M. W. Chang. 1996. Sindbis virus DNA-based expression vectors: utility for in vitro and in vivo gene transfer. J. Virol. 70:508-519.
17. Dunn, J. J., and F. W. Studier. 1983. Complete nucleotide sequence of acteriophage T7 DNA and locations of T7 genetic elements. J. Mol. Biol. 166:477-535.
18. Eleouet, J. F., D. Rasschaert, P. Lambert, L. Levy, P. Vende, and H. Laude. 1995. Complete sequence (20 kilobases) of the polyprotein-encoding gene 1 of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Virology 206:817-822.
19. Enjuanes, L., and B. A. M. Van der Zeijst. 1995. Molecular basis of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus epidemiology, p. 337-376. In S. G. Siddell (ed.), The Coronaviridae. Plenum Press, New York, N.Y.
20. Evans, S., K. Stirrups, K. Dalton, K. Shaw, D. Cavanagh, and P. Britton. 1998. Utilising a defective IBV RNA for heterologous gene expression with potential prophylactic application. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 440:687-692.
21. Fosmire, J. A., K. Hwang, and S. Makino. 1992. Identification and characterization of a coronavirus packaging signal. J. Virol. 66:3522-3530.
22. Frolov, I., T. A. Hoffman, B. M. Prágai, S. A. Dryga, H. V. Huang, S. Schlesinger, and C. M. Rice. 1996. Alphavirus-based expression vectors: Strategies and applications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:11371-11377.
23. Frolova, E., I. Frolov, and S. Schlesinger. 1997. Packaging signals in alphaviruses. J. Virol. 71:248-258.
24. Hayashi, T., T. Shioda, Y. Iwakura, and H. Shibuta. 1992. RNA packaging signal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Virology 188:590-599.
25. Hofmann, M. A., P. B. Sethna, and D. A. Brian. 1990. Bovine coronavirus mRNA replication continues throughout persistent infection in cell culture. J. Virol. 64:4108-4114.
26. Hogue, B. G., and R. Cologna. 1998. Nucleocapsid protein binding sites within coronavirus defective genomes. Fifth International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses. St. Petersburg. Fla.
27. Hsue, B., and P. S. Masters. 1997. A bulged stem-loop structure in the 3′ untranslated region of the genome of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus is essential for replication. J. Virol. 71:7567-7578.
28. Hsue, B., and P. S. Masters. 1998. An essential secondary structure in the 3′ untranslated region of the mouse hepatitis virus genome. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 440:297-302.
29. Jefferson, R. A., S. M. Burgess, and D. Hirsh. 1986. β-glucuronidase from Escherichia coli as a gene-fusion marker. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83: 8447-8451.
30. Jiménez, G., I. Correa, M. P. Melgosa, M. J. Bullido, and L. Enjuanes. 1986. Critical epitopes in transmissible gastroenteritis virus neutralization. J. Virol. 60:131-139.
31. Joo, M., and S. Makino. 1995. The effect of two closely inserted transcription consensus sequences on coronavirus transcription. J. Virol. 69:272-280.
32. Kim, Y., Y. Jeong, and S. Makino. 1993. Analysis of as-acting sequences essential for coronavirus defective interfering RNA replication. Virology 197:53-63.
33. Kim, Y.-N., and S. Makino. 1995. Characterization of a murine coronavirus defective interfering RNA internal cis-acting replication signal. J. Virol. 69: 4963-4971.
34. Koetzner, C. A., M. M. Parker, C. S. Ricard, L. S. Sturman, and P. S. Masters. 1992. Repair and mutagenesis of the genome of a deletion mutant of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus by targeted RNA recombination. J. Virol. 66:1841-1848.
35. Konings, D. A. M., P. J. Bredenbeek, J. F. H. Noten, P. Hogeweg, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1988. Differential premature termination of transcription as a proposed mechanism for the regulation of coronavirus gene expression. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:10849-10860.
36. Kozak, M. 1989. The scanning model for translation: an update. J. Cell Biol. 108:229-241.
37. Lai, M. M. C., and D. Cavanagh. 1997. The molecular biology of coronaviruses. Adv. Virus Res. 48:1-100.
38. Liao, C. L., X. Zhang, and M. M. C. Lai. 1995. Coronavirus defectiveinterfering RNA as an expression vector: the generation of a pseudorecombinant mouse hepatitis virus expressing hemagglutinin-esterase. Virology 208:319-327.
39. Liljestrom, P. 1994. Alphavirus expression systems. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 5:495-500.
40. Lin, Y.-J., C. L. Liao, and M. M. C. Lai. 1994. Identification of the cis-acting signal for minus-strand RNA synthesis of a murine coronavirus: implications for the role of minus-strand RNA in RNA replication and transcription. J. Virol. 68:8131-8140.
41. Lin, Y.-J., X. Zhang, R.-C. Wu, and M. M. C. Lai. 1996. The 3′ untranslated region of coronavirus RNA is required for subgenomic mRNA transcription from a defective interfering RNA. J. Virol. 70:7236-7240.
42. Lin, Y. J., and M. M. C. Lai. 1993. Deletion mapping of a mouse hepatitis virus defective interfering RNA reveals the requirement of an internal and discontiguous sequence for replication J. Virol. 67:6110-6118.
43. Makino, S., K. Yokomori, and M. M. C. Lai. 1990. Analysis of efficiently packaged defective interfering RNAs of murine coronavirus: localization of a possible RNA-packaging signal. J. Virol. 64:6045-6053.
44. Martin, C. T., and J. E. Coleman. 1987. Kinetic analysis of T7 RNA polymerase-promoter interactions with small synthetic promoters. Biochemistry 26:2690-2696.
45. Masters, P. S., C. A. Koetzner, C. A. Kerr, and Y. Heo. 1994. Optimization of targeted RNA recombination and mapping of a novel nucleocapsid gene mutation in the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus. J. Virol. 68:328-337.
46. McClurkin, A. W., and J. O. Norman. 1966. Studies on transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. II. Selected characteristics of a cytopathogenic virus common to five isolates from transmissible gastroenteritis. Can. J. Comp. Vet. Sci. 30:190-198.
47. Mendez, A., C. Smerdou, A. Izeta, F. Gebauer, and L. Enjuanes. 1996. Molecular characterization of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus defective interfering genomes: packaging and heterogeneity. Virology 217:495-507.
48. Molenkamp, R., and W. J. M. Spaan. 1997. Identification of a specific interaction between the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus A59 nucleocapsid protein and packaging signal. Virology 239:78-86.
49. Nelson, G. W., and S. A. Stohlman. 1993. Localization of the RNA-binding domain of mouse hepatitis virus nucleocapsid protein. J. Gen. Virol. 74: 1975-1979.
50. Page, K. W., P. Britton, and M. E. G. Boursnell. 1990. Sequence analysis of the leader RNA of two porcine coronaviruses: transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus and porcine respiratory coronavirus. Virus Genes 4:289-301.
51. Pattnaik, A. K., L. A. Ball, A. W. LeGrone, and G. W. Wertz. 1992. Infectious defective interfering particles of VSV from transcripts of a cDNA clone. Cell 69:1011-1020.
52. Penzes, Z., J. M. Gonzalez, A. Izeta, M. Muntion, and L. Enjuanes. 1998 Progress towards the construction of a transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus self-replicating RNA using a two-layer expression system. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 440:319-327.
53. Penzes, Z., A. Izeta, C. Smerdou, A. Mendez, M. L. Ballesteros, and L. Enjuanes. Complete nucleotide sequence of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus strain PUR46-MAD. Submitted for publication.
54. Penzes, Z., K. Tibbles, K. Shaw, P. Britton, T. D. K. Brown, and D. Cavanagh. 1994. Characterization of a replicating and packaged defective RNA of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. Virology 203:286-293.
55. Penzes, Z., C. Wroe, T. D. K. Brown, P. Britton, and D. Cavanagh. 1996. Replication and packaging of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus defective RNAs lacking a long open reading frame. J. Virol. 70:8660-8668.
56. Pushko, P., M. Parker, G. V. Ludwing, N. L. Davis, R. E. Johnston, and J. F. Smith. 1997. Replication-helper systems from attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: expression of heterologous genes in vitro and immunization against heterologous pathogens in vivo. Virology 239:389-401.
57. Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
58. Sánchez, C. M., and L. Enjuanes. 1998. Unpublished results.
59. Sánchez, C. M., F. Gebauer, C. Sun̄é. A. Méndez, J. Dopazo, and L. Enjuanes. 1992. Genetic evolution and tropism of transmissible gastroenteritis coronaviruses. Virology 190:92-105.
60. Sánchez, C. M., G. Jiménez, M. D. Laviada, I. Correa, C. Sun̄é, M. J. Bullido, F. Gebauer, C. Smerdou, P. Callebaut, J. M. Escribano, and L. Enjuanes. 1990. Antigenic homology among coronaviruses related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Virology 174:410-417.
61. Sawicki, S. G., and D. L. Sawicki. 1990. Coronavirus transcription: subgenomic mouse hepatitis virus replicative intermediates function in RNA synthesis. J. Virol. 64:1050-1056.
62. Schlaman, H. R. M., E. Risseeuw, M. E. I. Franke-van Dijk, and P. J. J. Hooykaas. 1994. Nucleotide sequence corrections of the uidA open reading frame encoding β-glucuronidase. Gene 138:259-260.
63. Sharmeen, L., M. Y. P. Kuo, G. Dinter-Gottlieb, and J. Taylor. 1988. Antigenomic RNA of human hepatitis delta virus can undergo self-cleavage. J. Virol. 62:2674-2679.
64. Van der Most, R. G., P. J. Bredenbeek, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1991. A domain at the 3′ end of the polymerase gene is essential for encapsidation of coronavirus defective interfering RNAs. J. Virol. 65:3219-3226.
65. Van der Most, R. G., L. Heijnen, W. J. M. Spaan, and R. J. Degroot. 1992. Homologous RNA recombination allows efficient introduction of site-specific mutations into the genome of coronavirus MHV-A59 via synthetic co-replicating RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 20:3375-3381.
66. Van der Most, R. G., and W. J. M. Spaan. 1995. Coronavirus replication, transcription, and RNA recombination, p. 11-31. In S. G. Siddell (ed.). The Coronaviridae. Plenum Press. New York. N.Y.
67. Van Marle, G., W. Luytjes, R. G. Van der Most, T. van der Straaten, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1995. Regulation of Coronavirus mRNA transcription. J. Virol. 69:7851-7856.
68. Woo, K., M. Joo, K. Narayanan, K. H. Kim, and S. Makino. 1997. Murine coronavirus packaging signal confers packaging to nonviral RNA. J. Virol. 71:824-827.
69. Zhou, M., and E. W. Collisson. 1998. Determination of RNA binding domains in the IBV nucleocapsid protein. Fifth International Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses. St. Petersburg, Fla.