메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue SUPPL. 2, 1999, Pages

Bisphosphonates: Pharmacology, mechanisms of action and clinical uses

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALENDRONIC ACID; BISPHOSPHONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; CLODRONIC ACID; ETIDRONIC ACID; MEVALONIC ACID; PROTEIN;

EID: 0032942599     PISSN: 0937941X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/PL00004164     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (232)

References (127)
  • 3
    • 0032468984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates: Mechanisms of action
    • Fleisch H. Bisphosphonates: mechanisms of action. Endocr Rev 1998;19:80-100.
    • (1998) Endocr Rev , vol.19 , pp. 80-100
    • Fleisch, H.1
  • 5
    • 0029130033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis: A review
    • Francis RM. Oral bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis: a review. Curr Ther Res 1998;56:831-51.
    • (1998) Curr Ther Res , vol.56 , pp. 831-851
    • Francis, R.M.1
  • 6
    • 0002605171 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics of bisphosphonates in man
    • Bijvoct O, Fleisch HA, Canfield RE, Russell RGG, editors. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, chap 15
    • Papapoulos SE. Pharmacodynamics of bisphosphonates in man. In: Bijvoct O, Fleisch HA, Canfield RE, Russell RGG, editors. Bisphosphonates on bone. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1995: chap 15.
    • (1995) Bisphosphonates on Bone
    • Papapoulos, S.E.1
  • 8
    • 0030818046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to bisphosphonates and the clinical pharmacology of alendronate
    • Russell RGG, Rogers MJ. Introduction to bisphosphonates and the clinical pharmacology of alendronate. Br J Rheumatol 1997;36(Suppl):10-14.
    • (1997) Br J Rheumatol , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 10-14
    • Russell, R.G.G.1    Rogers, M.J.2
  • 10
    • 0000192287 scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates: Structure-activity relationships and therapeutic implications
    • Geddes AD, D'Souza SM, Ebetino FH, Ibbotson KJ. Bisphosphonates: structure-activity relationships and therapeutic implications. Bone Miner Res 1994;8:265-306.
    • (1994) Bone Miner Res , vol.8 , pp. 265-306
    • Geddes, A.D.1    D'Souza, S.M.2    Ebetino, F.H.3    Ibbotson, K.J.4
  • 11
    • 0024816838 scopus 로고
    • Antiresorptive dose-response relationships across three generations of bisphosphonates
    • Sietsema WK, Ebetino FH, Salvagno AM, Bevan JA. Antiresorptive dose-response relationships across three generations of bisphosphonates. Drug Exp Clin Res 1989;15:389-96.
    • (1989) Drug Exp Clin Res , vol.15 , pp. 389-396
    • Sietsema, W.K.1    Ebetino, F.H.2    Salvagno, A.M.3    Bevan, J.A.4
  • 12
    • 0014684364 scopus 로고
    • Diphosphonates inhibit formation of calcium phosphate crystals in vitro and pathological calcification in vivo
    • Francis MD, Russell RGG, Fleisch H. Diphosphonates inhibit formation of calcium phosphate crystals in vitro and pathological calcification in vivo. Science 1969;165:1264-6.
    • (1969) Science , vol.165 , pp. 1264-1266
    • Francis, M.D.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Fleisch, H.3
  • 13
    • 0014684354 scopus 로고
    • Diphosphonates inhibit hydroxyapatite dissolution in vitro and bone resorption in tissue culture and in vivo
    • Fleisch H, Russell RGG, Francis MD. Diphosphonates inhibit hydroxyapatite dissolution in vitro and bone resorption in tissue culture and in vivo. Science 1969;165:1262-4.
    • (1969) Science , vol.165 , pp. 1262-1264
    • Fleisch, H.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Francis, M.D.3
  • 14
    • 0014029045 scopus 로고
    • Effect of pyrophosphate on hydroxyapatite and its implications in calcium homeostasis
    • Fleisch H, Russell RGG, Straumann F. Effect of pyrophosphate on hydroxyapatite and its implications in calcium homeostasis. Nature 1966;212:901-3.
    • (1966) Nature , vol.212 , pp. 901-903
    • Fleisch, H.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Straumann, F.3
  • 15
    • 49749205640 scopus 로고
    • Excretion of inorganic pyrophosphate in hypophosphatasia
    • Russell RGG. Excretion of inorganic pyrophosphate in hypophosphatasia. Lancet 1965;II:461-4.
    • (1965) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 461-464
    • Russell, R.G.G.1
  • 16
    • 0015057271 scopus 로고
    • Inorganic pyrophosphate in plasma in normal persons and in patients with hypophosphatasia, osteogenesis imperfecta and other disorders of bone
    • Russell RGG, Bisaz S, Donath A, Morgan DB, Fleisch H. Inorganic pyrophosphate in plasma in normal persons and in patients with hypophosphatasia, osteogenesis imperfecta and other disorders of bone. J Clin Invest 1971;50:961-9.
    • (1971) J Clin Invest , vol.50 , pp. 961-969
    • Russell, R.G.G.1    Bisaz, S.2    Donath, A.3    Morgan, D.B.4    Fleisch, H.5
  • 17
    • 0014759515 scopus 로고
    • The inhibitory effect of phosphonates on the formation of calcium phosphate crystals in vitro ; and on aortic and kidney calcification in vivo
    • Fleisch H, Russell RGG, Bisaz S, Muhlbauer RC, Williams DA. The inhibitory effect of phosphonates on the formation of calcium phosphate crystals in vitro ; and on aortic and kidney calcification in vivo. Eur J Clin Invest 1970;1:12-8.
    • (1970) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.1 , pp. 12-18
    • Fleisch, H.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Bisaz, S.3    Muhlbauer, R.C.4    Williams, D.A.5
  • 18
    • 0014902988 scopus 로고
    • The influence of pyrophosphate, condensed phosphates, phosphonates and other phosphate compounds on the dissolution of hydroxyapatite in vitro and on bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone in tissue culture and in thyroparathyroidectomised rats
    • Russell RGG, Muhlbauer RC, Bisaz S, Williams DA, Fleisch H. The influence of pyrophosphate, condensed phosphates, phosphonates and other phosphate compounds on the dissolution of hydroxyapatite in vitro and on bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone in tissue culture and in thyroparathyroidectomised rats. Calcif Tissue Res 1970;6:83-196.
    • (1970) Calcif Tissue Res , vol.6 , pp. 83-196
    • Russell, R.G.G.1    Muhlbauer, R.C.2    Bisaz, S.3    Williams, D.A.4    Fleisch, H.5
  • 19
  • 20
    • 0022548092 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative morphometric evaluation of the inhibitory activity of new aminobisphosphonates on bone resorption in the rat
    • Schenk R, Eggli P, Fleisch H, Rosini S. Quantitative morphometric evaluation of the inhibitory activity of new aminobisphosphonates on bone resorption in the rat. Calcif Tissue Int 1986;38:342-9.
    • (1986) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.38 , pp. 342-349
    • Schenk, R.1    Eggli, P.2    Fleisch, H.3    Rosini, S.4
  • 21
    • 0001996758 scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonate therapy in acute and chronic bone loss: Physical chemical considerations in bisphosphonate-related therapies
    • Bijvoet O, Fleisch HA, Canfield RE, Russell RGG, editors. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Ebrahimpour A, Francis MD. Bisphosphonate therapy in acute and chronic bone loss: physical chemical considerations in bisphosphonate-related therapies. In: Bijvoet O, Fleisch HA, Canfield RE, Russell RGG, editors. Bisphosphonates on bone. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1995.
    • (1995) Bisphosphonates on Bone
    • Ebrahimpour, A.1    Francis, M.D.2
  • 25
    • 0029782286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of binding and antiresorptive properties of hydroxybisphosphonates by substitution of the hydroxyl with an amino group
    • van Beek E, Lowik C, Oue I, Papapoulos S. Dissociation of binding and antiresorptive properties of hydroxybisphosphonates by substitution of the hydroxyl with an amino group. J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:1492-7.
    • (1996) J Bone Miner Res , vol.11 , pp. 1492-1497
    • Van Beek, E.1    Lowik, C.2    Oue, I.3    Papapoulos, S.4
  • 27
    • 0026320852 scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonate action. Alendronate localisation in rat bone and effects on osteoclast ultrastructure
    • Sato M, Grasser W, Endo N, Akins R, Simmons H, Thompson DD, et al. Bisphosphonate action. Alendronate localisation in rat bone and effects on osteoclast ultrastructure. J Clin Invest 1991;88:2095-105.
    • (1991) J Clin Invest , vol.88 , pp. 2095-2105
    • Sato, M.1    Grasser, W.2    Endo, N.3    Akins, R.4    Simmons, H.5    Thompson, D.D.6
  • 28
    • 0024406012 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of osteoclast-like cell formation by bisphosphonates in long-term cultures of human bone marrow
    • Hughes DE, MacDonald BR, Russell RGG, Gowen M. Inhibition of osteoclast-like cell formation by bisphosphonates in long-term cultures of human bone marrow. J Clin Invest 1989;83:1930-5.
    • (1989) J Clin Invest , vol.83 , pp. 1930-1935
    • Hughes, D.E.1    MacDonald, B.R.2    Russell, R.G.G.3    Gowen, M.4
  • 29
    • 0029097506 scopus 로고
    • A possible mechanism of the specific action of bisphosphonates on osteoclasts: Tiludronate preferentially affects polarized osteoclasts having ruffled borders
    • Murakami H, Takahashi N, Sasaki T, Udagawa N, Tanaka S, Nakamura I, et al. A possible mechanism of the specific action of bisphosphonates on osteoclasts: tiludronate preferentially affects polarized osteoclasts having ruffled borders. Bone 1995;17:137-44.
    • (1995) Bone , vol.17 , pp. 137-144
    • Murakami, H.1    Takahashi, N.2    Sasaki, T.3    Udagawa, N.4    Tanaka, S.5    Nakamura, I.6
  • 30
    • 0027193759 scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates act on rat bone resorption through the mediation of osteoblasts
    • Sahni M, Guenther H, Fleisch H, Collin P, Martin TJ. Bisphosphonates act on rat bone resorption through the mediation of osteoblasts. J Clin Invest 1993;91:2004-11.
    • (1993) J Clin Invest , vol.91 , pp. 2004-2011
    • Sahni, M.1    Guenther, H.2    Fleisch, H.3    Collin, P.4    Martin, T.J.5
  • 33
    • 0029164610 scopus 로고
    • Alendronate distributed on bone surfaces inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro and in experimental hypercalcemia models
    • Azuma Y, Sato H, Oue Y, Okabe K, Ohta T, Tsuchimoto M, Kiyoki M. Alendronate distributed on bone surfaces inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro and in experimental hypercalcemia models. Bone 1995;16:235-45.
    • (1995) Bone , vol.16 , pp. 235-245
    • Azuma, Y.1    Sato, H.2    Oue, Y.3    Okabe, K.4    Ohta, T.5    Tsuchimoto, M.6    Kiyoki, M.7
  • 35
    • 0025371890 scopus 로고
    • Effects of bisphosphonates on isolated rat osteoclasts as examined by reflected light microscopy
    • Sato M, Grasser W. Effects of bisphosphonates on isolated rat osteoclasts as examined by reflected light microscopy. J Bone Miner Res 1990;5:31-40.
    • (1990) J Bone Miner Res , vol.5 , pp. 31-40
    • Sato, M.1    Grasser, W.2
  • 37
    • 0029873660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human protein tyrosine phosphatases: Alternative splicing and inhibition by bisphosphonates
    • Endo N, Rutledge SJ, Opas EE, Vogel R, Rodan GA, Schmidt A. Human protein tyrosine phosphatases: alternative splicing and inhibition by bisphosphonates. J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:535-43.
    • (1996) J Bone Miner Res , vol.11 , pp. 535-543
    • Endo, N.1    Rutledge, S.J.2    Opas, E.E.3    Vogel, R.4    Rodan, G.A.5    Schmidt, A.6
  • 39
    • 0030918039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tiludronate inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase activity in osteoclasts
    • Murakami H, Takahashi N, Tanaka S, Nakamura I, Udagawa N, Nakajo S, et al. Tiludronate inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase activity in osteoclasts. Bone 1997;20:399-404.
    • (1997) Bone , vol.20 , pp. 399-404
    • Murakami, H.1    Takahashi, N.2    Tanaka, S.3    Nakamura, I.4    Udagawa, N.5    Nakajo, S.6
  • 41
    • 0025091788 scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates directly inhibit the bone resorption activity of isolated avian osteoclasts in vitro
    • Carano A, Teitelbaum SA, Konsek JD, Schlesinger PH, Blair HC. Bisphosphonates directly inhibit the bone resorption activity of isolated avian osteoclasts in vitro. J Clin Invest 1990;85:456-61.
    • (1990) J Clin Invest , vol.85 , pp. 456-461
    • Carano, A.1    Teitelbaum, S.A.2    Konsek, J.D.3    Schlesinger, P.H.4    Blair, H.C.5
  • 42
    • 0028859369 scopus 로고
    • Acid extrusion is induced by osteoclast attachment to bone
    • Zimolo Z, Wesolowski G, Rodan, GA. Acid extrusion is induced by osteoclast attachment to bone. J Clin Invest 1995;96:2277-83.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.96 , pp. 2277-2283
    • Zimolo, Z.1    Wesolowski, G.2    Rodan, G.A.3
  • 43
    • 0017287702 scopus 로고
    • The effect of several diphosphonates on acid phosphohydrolases and other lysosomal enzymes
    • Felix R, Russell RGG, Fleisch H. The effect of several diphosphonates on acid phosphohydrolases and other lysosomal enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1976;429:429-38.
    • (1976) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.429 , pp. 429-438
    • Felix, R.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Fleisch, H.3
  • 44
    • 0023272514 scopus 로고
    • Effects of four bisphosphonates on bone resorption, lysosomal enzyme release, protein synthesis and mitotic activities in mouse calvarial bones in vitro
    • Lerner UH, Larsson A. Effects of four bisphosphonates on bone resorption, lysosomal enzyme release, protein synthesis and mitotic activities in mouse calvarial bones in vitro. Bone 1987;8:179-89.
    • (1987) Bone , vol.8 , pp. 179-189
    • Lerner, U.H.1    Larsson, A.2
  • 46
    • 0029766224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates induce apoptosis in mouse macrophage-like cells by a nitric-oxide-independent mechanism
    • Rogers MJ, Chilton KM, Coxon F, Lawry J, Smith MO, Suri S, et al. Bisphosphonates induce apoptosis in mouse macrophage-like cells by a nitric-oxide-independent mechanism. J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:1482-91.
    • (1996) J Bone Miner Res , vol.11 , pp. 1482-1491
    • Rogers, M.J.1    Chilton, K.M.2    Coxon, F.3    Lawry, J.4    Smith, M.O.5    Suri, S.6
  • 48
    • 0031977199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates inhibit the mevalonate pathway and prevent post-translational prenylation of GTP-binding proteins, including Ras
    • Luckman SP, Hughes DE, Coxon FP, Russell RGG, Rogers MJ. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates inhibit the mevalonate pathway and prevent post-translational prenylation of GTP-binding proteins, including Ras. J Bone Miner Res 1998;13:581-9.
    • (1998) J Bone Miner Res , vol.13 , pp. 581-589
    • Luckman, S.P.1    Hughes, D.E.2    Coxon, F.P.3    Russell, R.G.G.4    Rogers, M.J.5
  • 49
    • 0031754521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterocycle-containing bisphosphonates cause apoptosis and inhibit bone resorption by preventing protein prenylation: Evidence from structure-activity relationships in J774 macrophages
    • Luckman SP, Coxon FP, Ebetino FH, Russell RGG, Rogers MJ. Heterocycle-containing bisphosphonates cause apoptosis and inhibit bone resorption by preventing protein prenylation: evidence from structure-activity relationships in J774 macrophages. J Bone Miner Res 1998;13:1668-78.
    • (1998) J Bone Miner Res , vol.13 , pp. 1668-1678
    • Luckman, S.P.1    Coxon, F.P.2    Ebetino, F.H.3    Russell, R.G.G.4    Rogers, M.J.5
  • 52
    • 0024330458 scopus 로고
    • Application of an in vitro model and a clinical protocol in the assessment of the potency of a new bisphosphonate
    • Papapoulos SE, Hoekman K, Lowik CWGM, Vermeij P, Bijvoet OLM. Application of an in vitro model and a clinical protocol in the assessment of the potency of a new bisphosphonate. J Bone Miner Res 1988;4:775-81.
    • (1988) J Bone Miner Res , vol.4 , pp. 775-781
    • Papapoulos, S.E.1    Hoekman, K.2    Lowik, C.W.G.M.3    Vermeij, P.4    Bijvoet, O.L.M.5
  • 53
    • 0030028473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates act on osteoblastic cells and inhibit osteoclast formation in mouse marrow cultures
    • Niskikawa M, Akatsu T, Katayama Y, Yasutomo Y, Kado S, Kugai N, et al. Bisphosphonates act on osteoblastic cells and inhibit osteoclast formation in mouse marrow cultures Bone 1996;18:9-14.
    • (1996) Bone , vol.18 , pp. 9-14
    • Niskikawa, M.1    Akatsu, T.2    Katayama, Y.3    Yasutomo, Y.4    Kado, S.5    Kugai, N.6
  • 54
    • 0030271596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between effects of parathyroid hormone and bisphosphonate on regulation of osteoclast activity by the osteoblast-like cell line UMR-106
    • Yu X, Scholler J, Foged NT. Interaction between effects of parathyroid hormone and bisphosphonate on regulation of osteoclast activity by the osteoblast-like cell line UMR-106. Bone 1996;19:339-45.
    • (1996) Bone , vol.19 , pp. 339-345
    • Yu, X.1    Scholler, J.2    Foged, N.T.3
  • 55
    • 0029934545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates induce osteoblasts to secrete an inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated resorption
    • Vitte C, Fleisch H, Guenther HL. Bisphosphonates induce osteoblasts to secrete an inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated resorption. Endocrinology 1996;137:2324-33.
    • (1996) Endocrinology , vol.137 , pp. 2324-2333
    • Vitte, C.1    Fleisch, H.2    Guenther, H.L.3
  • 56
    • 0028303412 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of bisphosphonates on growth of amoebae of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum
    • Rogers MJ, Watts DJ, Russell RGG, Ji X, Xiong X, Blackburn GM, et al. Inhibitory effects of bisphosphonates on growth of amoebae of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. J Bone Miner Res 1994;9:1029-39.
    • (1994) J Bone Miner Res , vol.9 , pp. 1029-1039
    • Rogers, M.J.1    Watts, D.J.2    Russell, R.G.G.3    Ji, X.4    Xiong, X.5    Blackburn, G.M.6
  • 57
    • 0028965149 scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships of new heterocycle-containing bisphosphonates as inhibitors of bone resorption and as inhibitors of growth of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae
    • Rogers MJ, Xiong X, Brown RJ, et al. Structure-activity relationships of new heterocycle-containing bisphosphonates as inhibitors of bone resorption and as inhibitors of growth of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae. Mol Pharmacol 1995; 47:398-402.
    • (1995) Mol Pharmacol , vol.47 , pp. 398-402
    • Rogers, M.J.1    Xiong, X.2    Brown, R.J.3
  • 58
    • 0028059006 scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of bisphosphonates into adenine nucleotides by amoebae of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum
    • Rogers MJ, Ji X, Russell RGG, Blackburn GM, Williamson MP, Bayless AV, et al. Incorporation of bisphosphonates into adenine nucleotides by amoebae of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. Biochem J 1994;303:303-11.
    • (1994) Biochem J , vol.303 , pp. 303-311
    • Rogers, M.J.1    Ji, X.2    Russell, R.G.G.3    Blackburn, G.M.4    Williamson, M.P.5    Bayless, A.V.6
  • 60
    • 0030601220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates are incorporated into adenine nucleotides by human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes
    • Rogers MJ, Brown RJ, Hodkin V, Russell RGG, Watts DJ. Bisphosphonates are incorporated into adenine nucleotides by human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996;224:863-69.
    • (1996) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.224 , pp. 863-869
    • Rogers, M.J.1    Brown, R.J.2    Hodkin, V.3    Russell, R.G.G.4    Watts, D.J.5
  • 61
    • 0026438993 scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxicity of dichloromethane diphosphonate and of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate in the amoebae of the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum
    • Pelorgeas S, Martin J-P, Satre M. Cytotoxicity of dichloromethane diphosphonate and of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate in the amoebae of the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. Biochem Pharmacol 1992;44:2157-63.
    • (1992) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 2157-2163
    • Pelorgeas, S.1    Martin, J.-P.2    Satre, M.3
  • 62
    • 1842405434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clodronate and liposome-encapsulated clodronate are metabolized to a toxic ATP analog, adenosine 5'-ßγ-dichloromethylene triphosphate, by mammalian cells in vitro
    • Frith JC, Mönkkönen J, Blackburn GM, Russell RGG, Rogers MJ. Clodronate and liposome-encapsulated clodronate are metabolized to a toxic ATP analog, adenosine 5'-ßγ-dichloromethylene triphosphate, by mammalian cells in vitro. J Bone Miner Res 1996;12:1358-67.
    • (1996) J Bone Miner Res , vol.12 , pp. 1358-1367
    • Frith, J.C.1    Mönkkönen, J.2    Blackburn, G.M.3    Russell, R.G.G.4    Rogers, M.J.5
  • 63
    • 0031578907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of adenine nucleotide-containing metabolites of bisphosphonate drugs using ion-pair liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry
    • Auriola S, Frith J, Rogers MJ, Koivuniemi A, Mönkkönen J. Identification of adenine nucleotide-containing metabolites of bisphosphonate drugs using ion-pair liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. J Chrom B 1997;704:187-95.
    • (1997) J Chrom B , vol.704 , pp. 187-195
    • Auriola, S.1    Frith, J.2    Rogers, M.J.3    Koivuniemi, A.4    Mönkkönen, J.5
  • 64
    • 0030947272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of growth of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae by bisphosphonates is dependent on cellular uptake
    • Rogers MJ, Xiong X, Ji X, Mönkkönen J, Russell RGG, Blackburn GM, et al. Inhibition of growth of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae by bisphosphonates is dependent on cellular uptake. Pharm Res 1997;14:625-30.
    • (1997) Pharm Res , vol.14 , pp. 625-630
    • Rogers, M.J.1    Xiong, X.2    Ji, X.3    Mönkkönen, J.4    Russell, R.G.G.5    Blackburn, G.M.6
  • 65
    • 0029791778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1-Hydroxy-3-(methylpentylamino)-propylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid as a potent inhibitor of squalene synthase
    • Amin D, Cornell SA, Perrone MH, Bilder GE. 1-Hydroxy-3-(methylpentylamino)-propylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid as a potent inhibitor of squalene synthase. Drug Res 1996;46:759-62.
    • (1996) Drug Res , vol.46 , pp. 759-762
    • Amin, D.1    Cornell, S.A.2    Perrone, M.H.3    Bilder, G.E.4
  • 66
    • 0026486931 scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates used for the treatment of bone disorders inhibit squalene synthase and cholesterol biosynthesis
    • Amin D, Cornell SA, Gustafson SK, Needle SJ, Ullrich JW, Bilder GE, et al. Bisphosphonates used for the treatment of bone disorders inhibit squalene synthase and cholesterol biosynthesis. J Lipid Res 1992;33:1657-63.
    • (1992) J Lipid Res , vol.33 , pp. 1657-1663
    • Amin, D.1    Cornell, S.A.2    Gustafson, S.K.3    Needle, S.J.4    Ullrich, J.W.5    Bilder, G.E.6
  • 67
    • 0029898894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein prenylation: Molecular mechanisms and functional consequences
    • Zhang FL, Casey PJ. Protein prenylation: molecular mechanisms and functional consequences. Ann Rev Biochem 1996;65:241-69.
    • (1996) Ann Rev Biochem , vol.65 , pp. 241-269
    • Zhang, F.L.1    Casey, P.J.2
  • 68
    • 0026778133 scopus 로고
    • The small GTP-binding protein Rho regulates the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors
    • Ridley AJ, Hall A. The small GTP-binding protein Rho regulates the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors. Cell 1992;70:389-99.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.70 , pp. 389-399
    • Ridley, A.J.1    Hall, A.2
  • 69
    • 0026654125 scopus 로고
    • The small GTP-binding protein, rac, regulates growth factor-induced membrane ruffling
    • Ridley AJ, Paterson HF, Johnston CL, Diekmann D, Hall A. The small GTP-binding protein, rac, regulates growth factor-induced membrane ruffling. Cell 1992;70:401-10.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.70 , pp. 401-410
    • Ridley, A.J.1    Paterson, H.F.2    Johnston, C.L.3    Diekmann, D.4    Hall, A.5
  • 70
    • 0027640399 scopus 로고
    • Rab GTPases in vesicular transport
    • Zerial M, Stenmark H. Rab GTPases in vesicular transport. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1993;5:613-20.
    • (1993) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.5 , pp. 613-620
    • Zerial, M.1    Stenmark, H.2
  • 71
    • 0029012991 scopus 로고
    • The small GTP-binding protein, Rho p21, is involved in bone resorption by regulating cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts
    • Zhang D, Udagawa N, Nakamura I, Murakami H, Saito S, Yamasaki K, et al. The small GTP-binding protein, Rho p21, is involved in bone resorption by regulating cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts. J Cell Sci 1995;108:2285-92.
    • (1995) J Cell Sci , vol.108 , pp. 2285-2292
    • Zhang, D.1    Udagawa, N.2    Nakamura, I.3    Murakami, H.4    Saito, S.5    Yamasaki, K.6
  • 72
    • 0027284950 scopus 로고
    • Protein prenylation: A mediator of protein-protein interactions
    • Marshall C. Protein prenylation: a mediator of protein-protein interactions. Science 1993;259:1865-66.
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 1865-1866
    • Marshall, C.1
  • 73
    • 13044283050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of alendronate: Geranylgeraniol, an intermediate of the mevalonate pathway, prevents inhibition of osteoclast formation, bone resorption and kinase activation in vitro
    • Fisher JE, Rogers MJ, Halasy JM, Luckman SP, Hughes DE, Masarachia PJ, et al. Mechanism of action of alendronate: geranylgeraniol, an intermediate of the mevalonate pathway, prevents inhibition of osteoclast formation, bone resorption and kinase activation in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96:133-8.
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.96 , pp. 133-138
    • Fisher, J.E.1    Rogers, M.J.2    Halasy, J.M.3    Luckman, S.P.4    Hughes, D.E.5    Masarachia, P.J.6
  • 74
    • 0029880618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion from farnesyl diphosphate synthase to geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase by random chemical mutagenesis
    • Ohnuma S, Nakazawa T, Hemmi H, Hallberg A-M, Koyama T, Ogura K, et al. Conversion from farnesyl diphosphate synthase to geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase by random chemical mutagenesis. J Biol Chem 1996;271:10087-95.
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 10087-10095
    • Ohnuma, S.1    Nakazawa, T.2    Hemmi, H.3    Hallberg, A.-M.4    Koyama, T.5    Ogura, K.6
  • 75
    • 0029056655 scopus 로고
    • Effect of liposomal and free bisphosphonates on the IL-1b, IL-6 and TNFα secretion from RAW264 cells in vitro
    • Pennanen N, Lapinjoki S, Urtti A, Mönkkönen J Effect of liposomal and free bisphosphonates on the IL-1b, IL-6 and TNFα secretion from RAW264 cells in vitro. Pharm Res 1995;12:916-22.
    • (1995) Pharm Res , vol.12 , pp. 916-922
    • Pennanen, N.1    Lapinjoki, S.2    Urtti, A.3    Mönkkönen, J.4
  • 76
    • 0030424359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different effects of three bisphosphonates on nitric oxide production by RAW 264 macrophage-like cells in vitro
    • Makkonen N, Hirvonen MR, Teräväinen T, Savolainen K, Mönkkönen J. Different effects of three bisphosphonates on nitric oxide production by RAW 264 macrophage-like cells in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996;277:1097-102.
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.277 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Makkonen, N.1    Hirvonen, M.R.2    Teräväinen, T.3    Savolainen, K.4    Mönkkönen, J.5
  • 77
    • 0032535988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tiludronate and ibandronate on the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide from macrophages in vitro
    • Mönkkönen J, Similä J, Rogers M. Effects of tiludronate and ibandronate on the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide from macrophages in vitro. Life Sci 1998;62:95-102.
    • (1998) Life Sci , vol.62 , pp. 95-102
    • Mönkkönen, J.1    Similä, J.2    Rogers, M.3
  • 78
    • 0029844018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast between effects of aminobisphosphonates and non-aminobisphosphonates on collagen-induced arthritis in mice
    • Nakamura M, Ando T, Abe M, Kumagai K, Endo Y. Contrast between effects of aminobisphosphonates and non-aminobisphosphonates on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Br J Pharmacol 1996;119:205-12.
    • (1996) Br J Pharmacol , vol.119 , pp. 205-212
    • Nakamura, M.1    Ando, T.2    Abe, M.3    Kumagai, K.4    Endo, Y.5
  • 79
    • 0024428591 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intracellular diphosphonates on cells of the mononuclear system: In vivo effects of liposome-encapsulated diphosphonates on different macrophage subpopulations in the spleen
    • Van Rooijen N, Kors N. Effects of intracellular diphosphonates on cells of the mononuclear system: in vivo effects of liposome-encapsulated diphosphonates on different macrophage subpopulations in the spleen. Calcif Tiss Int 1989;45:153-6.
    • (1989) Calcif Tiss Int , vol.45 , pp. 153-156
    • Van Rooijen, N.1    Kors, N.2
  • 80
    • 0029986140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels after bisphosphonate treatment in vitro and in patients with malignancy
    • Sauty A, Pecherstorfer M, Zimmerroth I, Fioroni P, Juillerat L, Markert M, et al. Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels after bisphosphonate treatment in vitro and in patients with malignancy. Bone 1996;18:133-9.
    • (1996) Bone , vol.18 , pp. 133-139
    • Sauty, A.1    Pecherstorfer, M.2    Zimmerroth, I.3    Fioroni, P.4    Juillerat, L.5    Markert, M.6
  • 81
    • 0029010690 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 and the acute phase response during treatment of patients with Paget's disease with the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate dimethylaminohydroxypropylidene bisphosphonate
    • Schweitzer DH, Oostendorp-van de Ruit M, van der Pluijm G, Lowik CWGM, Papapoulos SE. Interleukin-6 and the acute phase response during treatment of patients with Paget's disease with the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate dimethylaminohydroxypropylidene bisphosphonate. J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:956-62.
    • (1995) J Bone Miner Res , vol.10 , pp. 956-962
    • Schweitzer, D.H.1    Oostendorp-Van De Ruit, M.2    Van Der Pluijm, G.3    Lowik, C.W.G.M.4    Papapoulos, S.E.5
  • 82
    • 0029926353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse effects of bisphosphonates
    • Adami S, Zamberlan N. Adverse effects of bisphosphonates Drug Safety 1996;14:158-70.
    • (1996) Drug Safety , vol.14 , pp. 158-170
    • Adami, S.1    Zamberlan, N.2
  • 83
    • 0023632357 scopus 로고
    • The acute-phase response after bisphosphonate administration
    • Adami S, Bhalla AK, Dorizzi R, et al. The acute-phase response after bisphosphonate administration. Calcif Tissue Int 1987;41:326-31.
    • (1987) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.41 , pp. 326-331
    • Adami, S.1    Bhalla, A.K.2    Dorizzi, R.3
  • 84
    • 0017835336 scopus 로고
    • The use of whole-body retention of Tc-99m diphosphonate in the diagnosis of metabolic bone disease
    • Fogelman I, Bessent RG, Turner JF, Citrin DL, Boyce IT, Greig WR. The use of whole-body retention of Tc-99m diphosphonate in the diagnosis of metabolic bone disease. J Nucl Med 1978;19:270-5.
    • (1978) J Nucl Med , vol.19 , pp. 270-275
    • Fogelman, I.1    Bessent, R.G.2    Turner, J.F.3    Citrin, D.L.4    Boyce, I.T.5    Greig, W.R.6
  • 85
    • 0002048655 scopus 로고
    • 99mTc-diphosphonate uptake mechanisms on bone
    • Fogelman I, editor. Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer
    • Francis MD, Fogelman I. 99mTc-diphosphonate uptake mechanisms on bone. In: Fogelman I, editor. Bone scanning in clinical practice. Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer, 1987:1-6.
    • (1987) Bone Scanning in Clinical Practice , pp. 1-6
    • Francis, M.D.1    Fogelman, I.2
  • 86
    • 0015215076 scopus 로고
    • Diphosphonate and Paget's disease of bone
    • Smith R, Russell RGG, Bishop M. Diphosphonate and Paget's disease of bone. Lancet 1971;1:945-7.
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 945-947
    • Smith, R.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Bishop, M.3
  • 88
    • 0031059787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The management of Paget's disease of bone
    • Delmas PD, Meunier PJ. The management of Paget's disease of bone. N Engl J Med 1997;336:558-66.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 558-566
    • Delmas, P.D.1    Meunier, P.J.2
  • 90
    • 0032491041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bisphosphonates as anticancer drugs
    • Mundy GR, Yoneda T. Bisphosphonates as anticancer drugs. N Engl J Med 1998;339:398-400.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 398-400
    • Mundy, G.R.1    Yoneda, T.2
  • 91
    • 0025366467 scopus 로고
    • Effect of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy on bone mass and fracture rate in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
    • Storm T, Thamsborg G, Steiniche T, et al. Effect of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy on bone mass and fracture rate in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1990;322:1265-71.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.322 , pp. 1265-1271
    • Storm, T.1    Thamsborg, G.2    Steiniche, T.3
  • 92
    • 0025334778 scopus 로고
    • Intermittent cyclical etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
    • Watts NB, Harris ST, Genant HK, et al. Intermittent cyclical etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1990;323:73-9.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.323 , pp. 73-79
    • Watts, N.B.1    Harris, S.T.2    Genant, H.K.3
  • 93
    • 0028851590 scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral alendronate on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis
    • Liberman UA, Weiss SR, Broll J, Minne HW, Quan H, Bell NH, et al. Effect of oral alendronate on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1437-43.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1437-1443
    • Liberman, U.A.1    Weiss, S.R.2    Broll, J.3    Minne, H.W.4    Quan, H.5    Bell, N.H.6
  • 94
    • 0004851872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Fracture intervention trial research group
    • Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB, Cauley JA, Thompson DE, Nevitt MC, et al. Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. Lancet 1996;348:1535-41.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 1535-1541
    • Black, D.M.1    Cummings, S.R.2    Karpf, D.B.3    Cauley, J.A.4    Thompson, D.E.5    Nevitt, M.C.6
  • 95
    • 0031828018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of cyclical etidronate and prevention of non-vertebral fractures
    • van Staa TP, Abenhain L, Cooper C. Use of cyclical etidronate and prevention of non-vertebral fractures. Br J Rheum 1998;37:87-94.
    • (1998) Br J Rheum , vol.37 , pp. 87-94
    • Van Staa, T.P.1    Abenhain, L.2    Cooper, C.3
  • 96
    • 0030752221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent etidronate therapy to prevent corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
    • Adachi JD, Bensen WG, Brown J, Hanley D, Hodsman A, Josse R, et al. Intermittent etidronate therapy to prevent corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1997;337:381-7.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 381-387
    • Adachi, J.D.1    Bensen, W.G.2    Brown, J.3    Hanley, D.4    Hodsman, A.5    Josse, R.6
  • 97
  • 99
    • 0024519792 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the bisphosphonate pamidronate disodium in urine by pre-column derivatization with fluorescamine, high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection
    • Flesch G, Hauffe SA. Determination of the bisphosphonate pamidronate disodium in urine by pre-column derivatization with fluorescamine, high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr 1989;489:446-51.
    • (1989) J Chromatogr , vol.489 , pp. 446-451
    • Flesch, G.1    Hauffe, S.A.2
  • 100
    • 0344649469 scopus 로고
    • Determination of bisphosphonates in biological fluids
    • Bijvoct O, Fleisch HA, Canfield RE, Russell RGG, editors. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Matuszewski BK. Determination of bisphosphonates in biological fluids. In: Bijvoct O, Fleisch HA, Canfield RE, Russell RGG, editors. Bisphosphonates on Bone. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1995.
    • (1995) Bisphosphonates on Bone
    • Matuszewski, B.K.1
  • 101
    • 0001862699 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of diphosphonates
    • Garattini S, editor. Monographs of the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy. Based on a symposium held June, 1984. New York: Raven Press
    • Powell JH, De Mark BR. Clinical pharmacokinetics of diphosphonates. In: Garattini S, editor. Bone resorption, metastasis, and diphosphonates. Monographs of the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy. Based on a symposium held June, 1984. New York: Raven Press, 1985:41-9.
    • (1985) Bone Resorption, Metastasis, and Diphosphonates , pp. 41-49
    • Powell, J.H.1    De Mark, B.R.2
  • 102
  • 103
    • 0021287134 scopus 로고
    • 14C-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate in cultured calvaria cells
    • 14C-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate in cultured calvaria cells. Calcif Tissue Int 1984;36:108-13.
    • (1984) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.36 , pp. 108-113
    • Felix, R.1    Guenther, H.L.2    Fleisch, H.3
  • 105
    • 0018909103 scopus 로고
    • 14C-labeled ethylene-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate in normal and treated young rats. An autoradiographic and ultrastructural study
    • 14C-labeled ethylene-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate in normal and treated young rats. An autoradiographic and ultrastructural study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1980;52:391-9.
    • (1980) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 391-399
    • Larsson, A.1    Rohlin, M.2
  • 106
    • 0026690327 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dose, sex, and age on the disposition of alendronate, a potent antiosteolytic bisphosphonate, in rats
    • Lin JH, Chen I-W, Duggan DE. Effects of dose, sex, and age on the disposition of alendronate, a potent antiosteolytic bisphosphonate, in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 1992;20:473-8.
    • (1992) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.20 , pp. 473-478
    • Lin, J.H.1    Chen, I.-W.2    Duggan, D.E.3
  • 107
    • 0015325498 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy 1-1-diphosphonate (disodium etidronate) in the rat, rabbit, dog and monkey
    • Michael WR, King WR, Wakim JM. Metabolism of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy 1-1-diphosphonate (disodium etidronate) in the rat, rabbit, dog and monkey. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1972;21:503-15.
    • (1972) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.21 , pp. 503-515
    • Michael, W.R.1    King, W.R.2    Wakim, J.M.3
  • 108
    • 0023871089 scopus 로고
    • 14C-clodronate in mice and rats
    • 14C-clodronate in mice and rats. Pharmacol Toxicol 1988;62:51-3.
    • (1988) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.62 , pp. 51-53
    • Monkkonen, J.1
  • 110
    • 0015612725 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorption of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (disodium etidronate) using a deconvolution technique
    • Recker RR, Saville PD. Intestinal absorption of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (disodium etidronate) using a deconvolution technique. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1973;24:580-9.
    • (1973) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.24 , pp. 580-589
    • Recker, R.R.1    Saville, P.D.2
  • 111
    • 0015813730 scopus 로고
    • Heal absorption of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) and disodium dichloromethylene diphosphonate (CI2MDP) in the chick
    • Wasserman RH, Bonjour J-P. Fleisch H. Heal absorption of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) and disodium dichloromethylene diphosphonate (CI2MDP) in the chick. Experientia 1973;29:1110-1.
    • (1973) Experientia , vol.29 , pp. 1110-1111
    • Wasserman, R.H.1    Bonjour, J.-P.2    Fleisch, H.3
  • 114
  • 115
    • 0031835062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post marketing survey with ICT-etidronate therapy
    • van Staa TP. Post marketing survey with ICT-etidronate therapy. Rev Contemp Pharmacol 1998;9:277-86.
    • (1998) Rev Contemp Pharmacol , vol.9 , pp. 277-286
    • Van Staa, T.P.1
  • 119
    • 0001143775 scopus 로고
    • Comparative skeletal effects of two diphosphonates in dogs
    • Flora L, Hassing GS, Parfitt AM, et al. Comparative skeletal effects of two diphosphonates in dogs. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1980;2:389-407.
    • (1980) Metab Bone Dis Rel Res , vol.2 , pp. 389-407
    • Flora, L.1    Hassing, G.S.2    Parfitt, A.M.3
  • 120
    • 0030868816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histomorphometric assessment of the long term effects of alendronate on bone quality and remodeling in patients with osteoporosis
    • Chavassieux PM, Arlot ME, Reda C, Wei L, Yates AJ, Meunier PJ. Histomorphometric assessment of the long term effects of alendronate on bone quality and remodeling in patients with osteoporosis. J Clin Invest 1997;100:1475-80.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 1475-1480
    • Chavassieux, P.M.1    Arlot, M.E.2    Reda, C.3    Wei, L.4    Yates, A.J.5    Meunier, P.J.6
  • 121
    • 0028586042 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of new biochemical markers of bone turnover in late postmenopausal osteoporotic women in response to alendronate treatment
    • Garnero P, Shih WJ, Gineyts E, Karpf DG, Delmas PD. Comparison of new biochemical markers of bone turnover in late postmenopausal osteoporotic women in response to alendronate treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:1693-700.
    • (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.79 , pp. 1693-1700
    • Garnero, P.1    Shih, W.J.2    Gineyts, E.3    Karpf, D.G.4    Delmas, P.D.5
  • 124
    • 0020516186 scopus 로고
    • Ultrafiltrability and chromatographic properties of pyrophosphate, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate, and dichloromethylenebisphosphonate in aqueous and in human plasma
    • Wiedmer WH, Zbinden AM, Trechsel U, et al. Ultrafiltrability and chromatographic properties of pyrophosphate, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate, and dichloromethylenebisphosphonate in aqueous and in human plasma. Calcif Tissue Int 1983;35:397-400.
    • (1983) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.35 , pp. 397-400
    • Wiedmer, W.H.1    Zbinden, A.M.2    Trechsel, U.3
  • 126
    • 0016582540 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the renal and extra-renal handling of phosphate induced by disodium etidronate in man
    • Walton RJ, Russell RGG, Smith R. Changes in the renal and extra-renal handling of phosphate induced by disodium etidronate in man. Clin Sci Mol Med 1975;49:45-56.
    • (1975) Clin Sci Mol Med , vol.49 , pp. 45-56
    • Walton, R.J.1    Russell, R.G.G.2    Smith, R.3
  • 127
    • 0015034563 scopus 로고
    • The effects of disodium etidronate on the reproductive functions and embryogeny of albino rats and New Zealand rabbits
    • Nolen GA, Buehler EV. The effects of disodium etidronate on the reproductive functions and embryogeny of albino rats and New Zealand rabbits. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1971;1:548-61.
    • (1971) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.1 , pp. 548-561
    • Nolen, G.A.1    Buehler, E.V.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.