Giardia intestinalis is unlikely to be a major cause of the poor growth of rural Gambian infants

Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 129, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 872-877

  Lunn, Peter G ^a   Erinoso, Hezekioh O ^a   Northrop Clewes, Christine A ^b   Boyce, Stephen A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Giardia antibodies; Giardiasis; Infant growth; Intestinal parasite

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN A ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTIBODY;

ANTIBODY TITER; ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CLINICAL ARTICLE; GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTION; GIARDIA LAMBLIA; GIARDIASIS; GROWTH DISORDER; HUMAN; INFANT; INTESTINE MUCOSA PERMEABILITY; PROTOZOAL INFECTION; RURAL AREA;

GIARDIA; GIARDIA INTESTINALIS;

EID: 0032931639     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jn/129.4.872     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Al-Tukhi, M. H., Ackers, J. P., Al-Ahdal, M. N. & Peters, W. (1993a) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-Giardia specific immunoglobulin G in filter paper blood samples. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 87: 36-38.
2. Al-Tukhi, M. H., Ackers, J. P., Al-Ahdal, M. N., Taha, M. A. & Peters, W. (1993b) ELISA for detection of anti-Giardia specific IgM-response in serum. J. Trop. Med. and Hyg. 96: 333-336.
3. Bland, J. M. & Altman, D. G. (1995) Calculating correlation coefficients with repeated observations: Part 1 - correlation within subjects. Br. Med. J. 310: 446.
4. Buret, A., Hardin, J. A., Olson, M. E. & Gall, D. G. (1992) Pathophysiology of small intestinal malabsorption in gerbils infected with Giardia lamblia. Gastroenterol. 103: 506-513.
5. 1-antichymotrypsin by immunoturbidimetry. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 23: 206-209.
6. Cole, T. J. & Parkin, J. M. (1977) Infection and its effect on the growth of young children. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 76: 196-198.
7. Crouch, A. A., Seow, W. K., Whitman, L. M. & Thong, Y. H. (1991) Effect of human milk and infant milk formulae on adherence of Giardia intestinalis. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 85: 617-619.
8. Farthing, M. J. G. (1993) Pathogenesis of Giardiasis. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 87, suppl. 3: 17-21.
9. Farthing, M. J. G., Mata, L., Urrutia, J. J. & Kronmal, R. A. (1986) Natural history of Giardia infection of infants and children in rural Guatemala and its impact on physical growth. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 43: 393-403.
10. Gillin, F. D. (1987) Giardia lamblia: the role of conjugated and unconjugated bile salts in killing by human milk. Exptl. Parasitol. 63: 74-83.
11. Goka, A. K. J., Rolston, D. D. K., Mathan, V. I. & Farthing, M. J. G. (1986) Diagnosis of Giardiasis by specific IgM antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lancet i: 184-186.
12. Gupta, M. C. & Urrutia, J. J. (1982) Effect of periodic antiascaris and antigiardial treatment on nutritional status of pre-school children. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 36: 79-86.
13. Islam, A. (1990) Giardiasis in developing countries. In: Giardiasis (Meyer, E. A., ed.) pp. 235-266. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
14. Katelaris, P. H. & Farthing, M. J. G. (1992) Diarrhea and malabsorption in Giardiasis: A multifactorial process. Gut 33: 295-297.
15. Keister, D. B. (1983) Axenic culture of Giardia lamblia in TYI-S-33 medium supplemented with bile. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 33: 487-488.
16. Loewenson, R., Mason, P. R. & Patterson, B. A. (1986) Giardiasis and the nutritional status of Zimbabwean schoolchildren. Ann. Trop. Paediatr. 6: 73-78.
17. Lunn, P. G. & Northrop-Clewes, C. A. (1992) Intestinal permeability: Update on the enzymatic assay of mannitol. Clin. Chim. Acta 205: 151-152.
18. Lunn, P. G., Northrop-Clewes, C. A. & Downes, R. M. (1991) Intestinal permeability, mucosal injury and growth faltering in Gambian infants. Lancet 338: 907-910.
19. Mason, P. R. & Patterson, B. A. (1987) Epidemiology of Giardia lamblia infection in children: Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in urban and rural communities in Zimbabwe. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 37: 277-282.
20. Meyer, E. A. (1990) Giardiasis. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
21. Morrow, A. L., Reves, R. R., West, M. S., Guerrero, M. L., Ruizpalacios, G. M. & Pickering, L. K. (1992) Protection against infection with Giardia lamblia by breast-feeding in a cohort of Mexican infants. J. Pediatr. 121: 363-370.
22. Northrop, C. A., Lunn, P. G. & Behrens, R. H. (1990) Automated enzymatic assays for the determination of intestinal permeability probes in urine. 1. Lactulose and lactose. Clin. Chim. Acta 187: 79-88.
23. Prentice, A. (1993) Nutrient requirements for growth, pregnancy and lactation: The Keneba experience. S. Afr. J. Clin. Nutr. 6: 33-38.
24. Prentice, A. & Paul, A. A. (1990) Contribution of breast milk to nutrition during prolonged breast-feeding. In: Human lactation 4. Breast-feeding, nutrition, infection and infant growth in developed and emerging countries (Atkinson, S., Hanson, L. & Chandra, R. eds.), pp. 88-101. ARTS Biomedical Publishers, St. Johns, Newfoundland.
25. Sullivan, P. B., Neale, G., Cevallos, A. M. & Farthing, M. J. G. (1991) Evaluation of specific serum anti-Giardia IgM antibody response in diagnosis of Giardiasis in children. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 85: 748-749.
26. Suskind, R., Sirishinha, S., Vitayasai, V., Edelman, R., Damrongsak, D., Charupatana, C. & Olson, R. E. (1976) Immunoglobulins and antibody response in children with protein-calorie malnutrition. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 29: 836-841.
27. Thompson, R. C. A., Reynoldson, J. A. & Mendis, H. W. (1993) Giardia and Giardiasis. Adv. Parasitol. 32: 71-160.
28. Walterspiel, J. N., Morrow, A. L., Guerrero, M. L., Ruizpalacios, G. M. & Pickering, L. K. (1994) Secretory anti-Giardia lamblia antibodies in human milk-protective effect against diarrhea. Pediatrics 93: 28-31.
29. Wolfe, M. S. (1990) Clinical symptoms and diagnosis by traditional methods. In: Giardiasis (Meyer, E. A., ed.), pp. 175-185. Elsevier, Amsterdam.