Prospective comparison of convergence insufficiency and normal binocular children on CIRS symptom surveys

Optometry and Vision Science

Volumn 76, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 221-228

  Borsting, Eric ^a   Rouse, Michael W ^a   De Land, Paul N ^b  

^a SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Convergence insufficiency; Exophoria; Quality of life; Symptoms

Indexed keywords

DIAGNOSIS; DISEASES; HANDICAPPED PERSONS; PATIENT REHABILITATION; SURVEYS;

CHILDREN; CONVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY; EXOPHORIA; QUALITY OF LIFE; SYMPTOMS;

BINOCULAR VISION;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BINOCULAR CONVERGENCE; BINOCULAR VISION; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIVERGENT STRABISMUS; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MALE; PARENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; READING; SCHOOL CHILD; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CONVERGENCE, OCULAR; EXOTROPIA; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS; HUMANS; MALE; OBSERVER VARIATION; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRES; READING; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; VISION, BINOCULAR; VISUAL ACUITY;

EID: 0032924344     PISSN: 10405488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00006324-199904000-00025     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Letourneau JE, Ducic S. Prevalence of convergence insufficiency among school children. Can J Optom 1988;50:194-7.
2. Letourneau JE, Lapierre N, Lamont A. The relationship between convergence insufficiency and school achievement. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1979;56:18-22.
3. Rouse MW, Borsting E, Hyman L, Hussein M, Cotter SA, Flynn M, Scheiman M, Gallaway M, Deland PN, the Convergence Insufficiency and Reading Study (CIRS) Group. Frequency of convergence insufficiency among fifth and sixth graders. Optom Vis Sci 1997; 74(Suppl):168.
4. Rouse MW, Hyman L, Hussein M, Solan H, the Convergence Insufficiency and Reading Study (CIRS) Group. Frequency of convergence insufficiency in optometry clinic settings. Optom Vis Sci 1998; 75:88-96.
5. Hirsch MJ. A study of forty-eight cases of convergence insufficiency at the near point. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1943;20:52-8.
6. Kent PR, Steeve JH. Convergence insufficiency, incidence among military personnel and relief by orthoptic methods. Milit Surgeon 1953;112:202-5.
7. Daum KM. Convergence insufficiency. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1984;61:16-22.
8. Cooper J, Selenow A, Ciuffreda KJ, Feldman J, Faverty J, Hokoda SC, Silver J. Reduction of asthenopia in patients with convergence insufficiency after fusional vergence training. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1983;60:982-9.
9. McKeon C, Wick B, Aday LA, Begley C. A case-comparison of intermittent exotropia and quality of life measurements. Optom Vis Sci 1997;74:105-10.
10. Cooper J, Duckman R. Convergence insufficiency: incidence, diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Optom Assoc 1978;49:673-80.
11. Hennessey D, Iosue RA, Rouse MW. Relation of symptoms to accommodative infacility of school-aged children. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1984;61:177-83.
12. Duffy CM, Arsenault L, Duffy KN. Level of agreement between parents and children in rating dysfunction in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile spondyloarthritides. J Rheumatol 1993;20: 2134-9.
13. Edelbrock C, Costello AJ, Dulcan MK, Conover NC, Kala R. Parent-child agreement on child psychiatric symptoms assessed via structured interview. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1986;27:181-90.
14. Pless IB. Clinical assessment: physical and psychological functioning. Pediatr Clin North Am 1984;31:33-45.
15. Connors CK. Manual for Connors' Rating Scales. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems, 1990.
16. Patrick DL, Deyo RA. Generic and disease-specific measures in assessing health status and quality of life. Med Care 1989;27:S217-32.
17. Mangione CM, Phillips RS, Lawrence MG, Seddon JM, Orav EJ, Goldman L. Improved visual function and attenuation of declines in health-related quality of life after cataract extraction. Arch Ophthalmol 1994;112:1419-25.
18. Streiner DL, Norman GR. Health Measurement Scales: a Practical Guide to Their Development and Use. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
19. Wilkinson GS. Wide Range Achievement Test. Wilmington, DE: Wide Range, Inc, 1993.
20. Dunn LM, Dunn LM. PPVT: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, 1981.
21. Sheard C. Zones of ocular comfort. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1930;7:9-25.
22. Morgan MW. Analysis of clinical data. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 1944;21:477-91.
23. Galloway M, Scheiman M, Frantz KA, Peters RJ, Hatch S, Cuff M. The significance of assessing near point of convergence using different stimuli. Optom Vis Sci 1991;68(Suppl):93.
24. Nunnally JC. Psychometric Theory. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 1978.
25. Fowler FJ. Survey Research Methods. 2nd ed. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, 1993.
26. Doherty E, Yanni G, Conroy RM, Bresnihan B. A comparison of child and parent ratings of disability and pain in juvenile chronic arthritis. J Rheumatol 1993;20:1563-6.
27. Osman L, Silverman M. Measuring quality of life for young children with asthma and their families. Eur Respir J 1996;21(Suppl): 35s-41s.