메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 179, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 115-123

Non-O157:H7 pathogenic shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: Phenotypic and genetic profiling of virulence traits and evidence for clonality

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL DNA; HEMOLYSIN; SHIGA TOXIN;

EID: 0032906605     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/314537     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (175)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0028801764 scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli O157:H7: Clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological aspects of human infection
    • Tarr PI. Escherichia coli O157:H7: clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological aspects of human infection. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:1-10.
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.20 , pp. 1-10
    • Tarr, P.I.1
  • 3
    • 0002291533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, biology, and relative toxicity of Shiga toxin family members for cells and animals
    • Kaper JB, O'Brien AD, eds. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology
    • Melton-Celsa AR, O'Brien A. Structure, biology, and relative toxicity of Shiga toxin family members for cells and animals. In: Kaper JB, O'Brien AD, eds. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1998:121-8.
    • (1998) Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Shiga Toxin-producing E. coli Strains , pp. 121-128
    • Melton-Celsa, A.R.1    O'Brien, A.2
  • 4
    • 0026598082 scopus 로고
    • Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: Combined cytotoxic effects of shiga toxin and lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) on human vascular endothelial cells in vitro
    • Louise CB, Obrig TG. Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: combined cytotoxic effects of shiga toxin and lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) on human vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Infect Immun 1992;60:1536-43.
    • (1992) Infect Immun , vol.60 , pp. 1536-1543
    • Louise, C.B.1    Obrig, T.G.2
  • 5
    • 0022512195 scopus 로고
    • Two toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain 933 encode antigenically distinct toxins with similar biologic activities
    • Strockbine NA, Marques LR, Newland JW, Smith HW, Holmes RK, O'Brien AD. Two toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain 933 encode antigenically distinct toxins with similar biologic activities. Infect Immun 1986;53:135-40.
    • (1986) Infect Immun , vol.53 , pp. 135-140
    • Strockbine, N.A.1    Marques, L.R.2    Newland, J.W.3    Smith, H.W.4    Holmes, R.K.5    O'Brien, A.D.6
  • 6
    • 0021683078 scopus 로고
    • Shiga-like toxin converting phages from Escherichia coli strains that cause hemorrhagic colitis or infantile diarrhea
    • O'Brien AD, Newland JW, Miller SF, Holmes RK, Smith HW, Formal SB. Shiga-like toxin converting phages from Escherichia coli strains that cause hemorrhagic colitis or infantile diarrhea. Science 1984;226:694-6.
    • (1984) Science , vol.226 , pp. 694-696
    • O'Brien, A.D.1    Newland, J.W.2    Miller, S.F.3    Holmes, R.K.4    Smith, H.W.5    Formal, S.B.6
  • 8
    • 0029859537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secretion of extracellular proteins by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli via a putative type III secretion system
    • Jarvis KG, Kaper JB. Secretion of extracellular proteins by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli via a putative type III secretion system. Infect Immun 1996;64:4826-9.
    • (1996) Infect Immun , vol.64 , pp. 4826-4829
    • Jarvis, K.G.1    Kaper, J.B.2
  • 9
    • 0028937570 scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain EDL 933
    • Schmidt H, Beutin L, Karch H. Molecular analysis of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain EDL 933. Infect Immun 1995;63:1055-61.
    • (1995) Infect Immun , vol.63 , pp. 1055-1061
    • Schmidt, H.1    Beutin, L.2    Karch, H.3
  • 10
    • 0029855095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KatP, a novel catalase-peroxidase encoded by the large plasmid of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7
    • Brunder W, Schmidt H, Karch H. KatP, a novel catalase-peroxidase encoded by the large plasmid of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Microbiology 1996;142:3305-15.
    • (1996) Microbiology , vol.142 , pp. 3305-3315
    • Brunder, W.1    Schmidt, H.2    Karch, H.3
  • 11
    • 0030993971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gene cluster closely related to type II secretion pathway operons of gram-negative bacteria is located on the large plasmid of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 strains
    • Schmidt H, Henkel B, Karch H. A gene cluster closely related to type II secretion pathway operons of gram-negative bacteria is located on the large plasmid of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 strains. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1997;148:265-72.
    • (1997) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.148 , pp. 265-272
    • Schmidt, H.1    Henkel, B.2    Karch, H.3
  • 12
    • 0030917724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EspP, a novel extracellular serine protease of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 cleaves human coagulation factor V
    • Brunder W, Schmidt H, Karch H. EspP, a novel extracellular serine protease of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 cleaves human coagulation factor V. Mol Microbiol 1997;24:767-78.
    • (1997) Mol Microbiol , vol.24 , pp. 767-778
    • Brunder, W.1    Schmidt, H.2    Karch, H.3
  • 13
    • 0030799018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of an exported protease from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli
    • Djafari S, Ebel F, Deibel C, Krämer S, Hudel M, Chakraborty T. Characterization of an exported protease from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol 1997;25:771-84.
    • (1997) Mol Microbiol , vol.25 , pp. 771-784
    • Djafari, S.1    Ebel, F.2    Deibel, C.3    Krämer, S.4    Hudel, M.5    Chakraborty, T.6
  • 14
    • 0031255920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in Europe
    • Caprioli A, Tozzi AE, Rizzoni G, Karoh H. Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 1997;3:578-9.
    • (1997) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.3 , pp. 578-579
    • Caprioli, A.1    Tozzi, A.E.2    Rizzoni, G.3    Karoh, H.4
  • 15
    • 10544246081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growing concerns and recent outbreaks involving non-O157:H7 serotypes of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli
    • Johnson RP, Clarke RC, Wilson JB, et al. Growing concerns and recent outbreaks involving non-O157:H7 serotypes of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Food Protection 1996;59:1112-22.
    • (1996) J Food Protection , vol.59 , pp. 1112-1122
    • Johnson, R.P.1    Clarke, R.C.2    Wilson, J.B.3
  • 16
    • 0029859196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspective: The problem of non-O157:H7 Shiga toxin (Verocytotoxin) producing Escherichia coli
    • Tarr PI, Neill MA. Perspective: the problem of non-O157:H7 Shiga toxin (Verocytotoxin) producing Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis 1996;174:1136-9.
    • (1996) J Infect Dis , vol.174 , pp. 1136-1139
    • Tarr, P.I.1    Neill, M.A.2
  • 17
    • 0027508906 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a clone of Esherichia coli O103:H2 as a potential agent of hemolytic-uremic syndrome in France
    • Mariani Kurkdjian P, Denamur E, Milon A, et al. Identification of a clone of Esherichia coli O103:H2 as a potential agent of hemolytic-uremic syndrome in France. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31:296-301.
    • (1993) J Clin Microbiol , vol.31 , pp. 296-301
    • Mariani Kurkdjian, P.1    Denamur, E.2    Milon, A.3
  • 18
    • 0028877914 scopus 로고
    • Detection of serum antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O103 in patients with hemolyticuremic syndrome
    • Luzzi I, Tozzi AE, Rizzoni G, et al. Detection of serum antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O103 in patients with hemolyticuremic syndrome. J Infect Dis 1995;171:514-5.
    • (1995) J Infect Dis , vol.171 , pp. 514-515
    • Luzzi, I.1    Tozzi, A.E.2    Rizzoni, G.3
  • 19
    • 0029821432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a six-year-old girl after a urinary tract infection with Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli O103:H2
    • Tarr PI, Fouser LS, Stapleton AE, et al. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a six-year-old girl after a urinary tract infection with Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli O103:H2. N Engl J Med 1996;335:635-8.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 635-638
    • Tarr, P.I.1    Fouser, L.S.2    Stapleton, A.E.3
  • 20
    • 0023949301 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of sporadic diarrhea due to verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli: A two-year prospective study
    • Pai CH, Ahmed N, Lior H, Johnson WM, Sims HV, Woods DE. Epidemiology of sporadic diarrhea due to verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli: a two-year prospective study. J Infect Dis 1988;157:1054-7.
    • (1988) J Infect Dis , vol.157 , pp. 1054-1057
    • Pai, C.H.1    Ahmed, N.2    Lior, H.3    Johnson, W.M.4    Sims, H.V.5    Woods, D.E.6
  • 21
    • 0030053593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 DNA region containing lambdoid phage gene p and Shiga-like toxin structural genes
    • Datz M, Janetzki-Mittmann C, Franke S, Gunzer F, Schmidt H, Karch H. Analysis of the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 DNA region containing lambdoid phage gene p and Shiga-like toxin structural genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996;62:791-7.
    • (1996) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.62 , pp. 791-797
    • Datz, M.1    Janetzki-Mittmann, C.2    Franke, S.3    Gunzer, F.4    Schmidt, H.5    Karch, H.6
  • 22
    • 0001139504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infektionen des Menschen durch enterohämorrhagische Echerichia coli (EHEC) in Deutschland 1996
    • Bockemühl J, Karch H, Tschäpe H. Infektionen des Menschen durch enterohämorrhagische Echerichia coli (EHEC) in Deutschland 1996. Bundesgesundhblatt 1997;6:194-7.
    • (1997) Bundesgesundhblatt , vol.6 , pp. 194-197
    • Bockemühl, J.1    Karch, H.2    Tschäpe, H.3
  • 23
    • 0020955295 scopus 로고
    • Purification of Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga)-like toxin from Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain associated with haemorrhagic colitis
    • O'Brien AD, Lively TA, Chang TW, Gorbach SL. Purification of Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga)-like toxin from Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain associated with haemorrhagic colitis. Lancet 1983;2:573.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 573
    • O'Brien, A.D.1    Lively, T.A.2    Chang, T.W.3    Gorbach, S.L.4
  • 24
    • 0026639202 scopus 로고
    • DNA fingerprinting of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
    • Böhm H, Karch H. DNA fingerprinting of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30:2169-72.
    • (1992) J Clin Microbiol , vol.30 , pp. 2169-2172
    • Böhm, H.1    Karch, H.2
  • 25
    • 0031010193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and phenotypic analysis of Escherichia coli with enteropathogenic characteristics isolated from Seattle children
    • Bokete TN, Whittam TS, Wilson RA, et al. Genetic and phenotypic analysis of Escherichia coli with enteropathogenic characteristics isolated from Seattle children. J Infect Dis 1997;175:1382-9.
    • (1997) J Infect Dis , vol.175 , pp. 1382-1389
    • Bokete, T.N.1    Whittam, T.S.2    Wilson, R.A.3
  • 26
    • 0029026824 scopus 로고
    • Genotyping of Shiga-like toxin genes in non-O157 Escherichia coli strains associated with haemolytic uraemic syndrome
    • Rüssmann H, Kothe E, Schmidt H, et al. Genotyping of Shiga-like toxin genes in non-O157 Escherichia coli strains associated with haemolytic uraemic syndrome. J Med Microbiol 1995;42:404-10.
    • (1995) J Med Microbiol , vol.42 , pp. 404-410
    • Rüssmann, H.1    Kothe, E.2    Schmidt, H.3
  • 27
    • 0023920440 scopus 로고
    • DNA probes for Shiga-like toxins I and II and for toxin-converting bacteriophages
    • Newland JW, Neill RJ. DNA probes for Shiga-like toxins I and II and for toxin-converting bacteriophages. J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:1292-7.
    • (1988) J Clin Microbiol , vol.26 , pp. 1292-1297
    • Newland, J.W.1    Neill, R.J.2
  • 28
    • 0024545199 scopus 로고
    • Genotypic variation in pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from patients in Washington, 1984-1987
    • Tarr PI, Neill MA, Clausen CR, Newland JW, Neill RJ, Moseley SL. Genotypic variation in pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from patients in Washington, 1984-1987. J Infect Dis 1989;159:344-7.
    • (1989) J Infect Dis , vol.159 , pp. 344-347
    • Tarr, P.I.1    Neill, M.A.2    Clausen, C.R.3    Newland, J.W.4    Neill, R.J.5    Moseley, S.L.6
  • 29
    • 0020662906 scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains associated with haemorrhagic colitis in the United States produce a Shigella dysenteriae 1 (SHIGA) like cytotoxin
    • O'Brien AD, Lively TA, Chen ME, Rothman SW, Formal SB. Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains associated with haemorrhagic colitis in the United States produce a Shigella dysenteriae 1 (SHIGA) like cytotoxin. Lancet 1983;1:702.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 702
    • O'Brien, A.D.1    Lively, T.A.2    Chen, M.E.3    Rothman, S.W.4    Formal, S.B.5
  • 30
    • 0022657603 scopus 로고
    • Antigenic heterogeneity of Escherichia coli verotoxins
    • Karmali MA, Petric M, Louie S, Cheung R. Antigenic heterogeneity of Escherichia coli verotoxins. Lancet 1986;1:164-5.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 164-165
    • Karmali, M.A.1    Petric, M.2    Louie, S.3    Cheung, R.4
  • 31
    • 0020591069 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and physical characterization of a chromosomal hemolysin from Escherichia coli
    • Welch RA, Hull R, Falkow S. Molecular cloning and physical characterization of a chromosomal hemolysin from Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 1983;42:178-86.
    • (1983) Infect Immun , vol.42 , pp. 178-186
    • Welch, R.A.1    Hull, R.2    Falkow, S.3
  • 32
    • 0028258720 scopus 로고
    • The large-sized plasmids of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 strains encode hemolysins which are presumably members of the E. coli alpha-hemolysin family
    • Schmidt H, Karch H, Beutin L. The large-sized plasmids of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 strains encode hemolysins which are presumably members of the E. coli alpha-hemolysin family. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1994;117:189-96.
    • (1994) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.117 , pp. 189-196
    • Schmidt, H.1    Karch, H.2    Beutin, L.3
  • 33
    • 0022592638 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence of a plasmid-encoded hemolysin determinant and its comparison with a corresponding chromosomal hemolysin sequence
    • Hess J, Wels W, Vogel M, Goebel W. Nucleotide sequence of a plasmid-encoded hemolysin determinant and its comparison with a corresponding chromosomal hemolysin sequence. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1986;34:1-11.
    • (1986) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.34 , pp. 1-11
    • Hess, J.1    Wels, W.2    Vogel, M.3    Goebel, W.4
  • 35
    • 0021431375 scopus 로고
    • Hybridization of nucleic acids immobilized on solid supports
    • Meinkoth J, Wahl G. Hybridization of nucleic acids immobilized on solid supports. Anal Biochem 1984;138:267-84.
    • (1984) Anal Biochem , vol.138 , pp. 267-284
    • Meinkoth, J.1    Wahl, G.2
  • 37
    • 0023183548 scopus 로고
    • A DNA probe to identify enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli of O157:H7 and other serotypes that cause hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome
    • Levine MM, Xu JG, Kaper JB, et al. A DNA probe to identify enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli of O157:H7 and other serotypes that cause hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Infect Dis 1987;156:175-82.
    • (1987) J Infect Dis , vol.156 , pp. 175-182
    • Levine, M.M.1    Xu, J.G.2    Kaper, J.B.3
  • 38
    • 0026661288 scopus 로고
    • Molecular detection of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157 in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome
    • Gunzer F, Böhm H, Rüssmann H, Bitzan M, Aleksic S, Karch H. Molecular detection of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157 in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30:1807-10.
    • (1992) J Clin Microbiol , vol.30 , pp. 1807-1810
    • Gunzer, F.1    Böhm, H.2    Rüssmann, H.3    Bitzan, M.4    Aleksic, S.5    Karch, H.6
  • 39
    • 0028297951 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation in virulence patterns of Escherichia coli possessing eae genes
    • Schmidt H, Plaschke B, Franke S, et al. Differentiation in virulence patterns of Escherichia coli possessing eae genes. Med Microbiol Immunol Berl 1994;183:23-31.
    • (1994) Med Microbiol Immunol Berl , vol.183 , pp. 23-31
    • Schmidt, H.1    Plaschke, B.2    Franke, S.3
  • 40
    • 0030997971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ile X tRNA gene is located close to the Shiga toxin II operon in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 strains
    • Schmidt H, Scheef J, Janetzki-Mittmann C, Karch H. An ile X tRNA gene is located close to the Shiga toxin II operon in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 strains. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1997;149:39-44.
    • (1997) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.149 , pp. 39-44
    • Schmidt, H.1    Scheef, J.2    Janetzki-Mittmann, C.3    Karch, H.4
  • 41
    • 0027442486 scopus 로고
    • Virulence determinants in nontoxinogenic Escherichia coli O157 strains that cause infantile diarrhea
    • Schmidt H, Rüssmann H, Karch H. Virulence determinants in nontoxinogenic Escherichia coli O157 strains that cause infantile diarrhea. Infect Immun 1993;61:4894-8.
    • (1993) Infect Immun , vol.61 , pp. 4894-4898
    • Schmidt, H.1    Rüssmann, H.2    Karch, H.3
  • 42
    • 0028958362 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous identification of strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and their Shiga-like toxin type by mismatch amplification mutation assay-multiplex PCR
    • Cebula TA, Payne WL, Feng P. Simultaneous identification of strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and their Shiga-like toxin type by mismatch amplification mutation assay-multiplex PCR. J Clin Microbiol 1995;33:248-50.
    • (1995) J Clin Microbiol , vol.33 , pp. 248-250
    • Cebula, T.A.1    Payne, W.L.2    Feng, P.3
  • 43
    • 0029116355 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 isolates from patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Western Europe
    • Heuvelink AE, van de Kar NC, Meis JF, Monnens LA, Melchers WJ. Characterization of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 isolates from patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Western Europe. Epidemiol Infect 1995;115:1-14.
    • (1995) Epidemiol Infect , vol.115 , pp. 1-14
    • Heuvelink, A.E.1    Van De Kar, N.C.2    Meis, J.F.3    Monnens, L.A.4    Melchers, W.J.5
  • 45
    • 0029908717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pore-forming properties of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7
    • Schmidt H, Maier E, Karch H, Benz R. Pore-forming properties of the plasmid-encoded hemolysin of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Eur J Biochem 1996;241:594-601.
    • (1996) Eur J Biochem , vol.241 , pp. 594-601
    • Schmidt, H.1    Maier, E.2    Karch, H.3    Benz, R.4
  • 46
    • 0014949207 scopus 로고
    • Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4
    • Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 1970;227:680-5.
    • (1970) Nature , vol.227 , pp. 680-685
    • Laemmli, U.K.1
  • 47
    • 0018826096 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative microtiter cytotoxicity assay for Shigella toxin
    • Gentry MK, Dalrymple JM. Quantitative microtiter cytotoxicity assay for Shigella toxin. J Clin Microbiol 1980;12:361-6.
    • (1980) J Clin Microbiol , vol.12 , pp. 361-366
    • Gentry, M.K.1    Dalrymple, J.M.2
  • 48
    • 0029795190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterohemolytic phenotypes and genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O111 strains from patients with diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome
    • Schmidt H, Karch H. Enterohemolytic phenotypes and genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O111 strains from patients with diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 1996;34:2364-7.
    • (1996) J Clin Microbiol , vol.34 , pp. 2364-2367
    • Schmidt, H.1    Karch, H.2
  • 49
    • 0001339859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin producing E. coli strains
    • Kaper JB, O'Brien AD, eds. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology
    • Whittam TS. Evolution of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin producing E. coli strains. In: Kaper JB, O'Brien AD, eds. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin producing E. coli strains. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1998:195-209.
    • (1998) Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Strains , pp. 195-209
    • Whittam, T.S.1
  • 50
    • 0023938080 scopus 로고
    • Genetic evidence of clonal descent of Esrherichia coli O157:H7 associated with hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome
    • Whittam TS, Wachsmuth IK, Wilson RA. Genetic evidence of clonal descent of Esrherichia coli O157:H7 associated with hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Infect Dis 1988;157:1124-33.
    • (1988) J Infect Dis , vol.157 , pp. 1124-1133
    • Whittam, T.S.1    Wachsmuth, I.K.2    Wilson, R.A.3
  • 51
    • 0027751659 scopus 로고
    • RAPD (arbitrary primer) PCR is more sensitive than multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for distinguishing related bacterial strains
    • Wang G, Whittam TS, Berg CM, Berg DE. RAPD (arbitrary primer) PCR is more sensitive than multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for distinguishing related bacterial strains. Nucleic Acids Res 1993;21:5930-3.
    • (1993) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.21 , pp. 5930-5933
    • Wang, G.1    Whittam, T.S.2    Berg, C.M.3    Berg, D.E.4
  • 52
    • 0001335590 scopus 로고
    • Genetic population structure and pathogenicity in enteric bacteria
    • Baumberg S, Young JPW, Wellington EMH, Saunders JR, eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Whittam TS. Genetic population structure and pathogenicity in enteric bacteria. In: Baumberg S, Young JPW, Wellington EMH, Saunders JR, eds. Population genetics of bacteria. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1995:217-45.
    • (1995) Population Genetics of Bacteria , pp. 217-245
    • Whittam, T.S.1
  • 53
    • 0029010753 scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by restriction fragment length polymorphism using Shiga-like toxin genes
    • Samadpour M. Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by restriction fragment length polymorphism using Shiga-like toxin genes. J Clin Microbiol 1995;33:2150-4.
    • (1995) J Clin Microbiol , vol.33 , pp. 2150-2154
    • Samadpour, M.1
  • 54
    • 0024369158 scopus 로고
    • Toxin genotypes and plasmid profiles as determinants of systemic sequelae in Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections
    • Ostroff SM, Tarr PI, Neill MA, Lewis JH, Hargrett Bean N, Kobayashi JM. Toxin genotypes and plasmid profiles as determinants of systemic sequelae in Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. J Infect Dis 1989;160:994-8.
    • (1989) J Infect Dis , vol.160 , pp. 994-998
    • Ostroff, S.M.1    Tarr, P.I.2    Neill, M.A.3    Lewis, J.H.4    Hargrett Bean, N.5    Kobayashi, J.M.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.