The 'second gas effect' is not a valid concept

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 88, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 188-192

  Sun, Xing Guo ^a   Su, Feng ^b   Shi, Yang Qiang ^b   Lee, Chingmuh ^a  

^a HARBOR UCLA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b WEIFANG MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENFLURANE; NITROUS OXIDE;

ADULT; ARTERIAL BLOOD; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG UPTAKE; HUMAN; INHALATIONAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; INTRAVENOUS ANESTHESIA; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; ANESTHESIA, GENERAL; ANESTHETICS, INHALATION; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ENFLURANE; HUMANS; MALE; NITROUS OXIDE; PULMONARY ALVEOLI;

EID: 0032902153     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199901000-00035     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Epstein RM, Rackow H, Salanitre E, Wolf GL. Influence of' the concentration effect on the uptake of anesthetic mixtures: the second gas effect. Anesthesiology 1964;25:364-71.
2. Stevens WC, Kingston HGG. Inhalation anesthesia. In: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoeling RK, eds. Clinical anesthesia. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:359-83.
3. Eger EI II. The effect of inspired concentration on the rate of rise of alveolar concentration. Anesthesiology 1963;24:153-7.
4. 2O administration compared to bilateral administration. Anesth Analg 1993;76:76-69.
5. Severinghaus JW. Rate of uptake of nitrous oxide in man. J Clin Invest 1954;33:1183-9.
6. Severinghaus JW. Role of lung factors. In: Papper EM, Kitz RJ, eds. Uptake and distribution of anesthetic agents. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963:59-71.
7. Lowe HJ, Ernst EA. The quantitative practice of anesthesia. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1981.
8. Mapleson WW. Circulation-time models of the uptake of inhalation anesthetics and data for quantifying them. Br J Anaesth 1973;45:319-34.
9. Lin CY, Wang JS. Supramaximal second gas effect: a nonexistent phenomenon. Anesth Analg 1993;77:870-2.
10. Sun XG, Shi YQ, Huang XQ, et al. A clinical investigation on the "second gas effect" [abstract]. Anesth Analg 1998;86:S511.
11. Sun XG, Su F, Shi YQ, Lee CM. The "second gas effect" is a nonexistent phenomenon in clinical anesthesia [abstract]. Anesthesiology 1998;89(Suppl):A1211.
12. Sun XG, Su F, Shi YQ, et al. The clinical study for inhalation anesthesia. J Weifang Med Coll 1998;20:1-5.
13. Zheng F, Shi K. Measurement of volatile anesthetics in respiratory gases using chromatography. Chin J Med 1979;59:495-7.
14. Zheng F, Shi K. Measurement of blood volatile anesthetics with directive injection method by chromatography. Chin J Med 1980;60:68-9.
15. Yasuda N, Lockhart SH, Eger EI II, et al. Kinetics of desflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in humans. Anesthesiology 1991;74: 489-98.
16. Eger EI II. Anesthetic uptake and action. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1974:77-96.
17. Stoelting RK, Eger EI II. An additional explanation for the second gas effect: a concentrating effect. Anesthesiology 1969; 30:273-7.
18. Eger EI II. Uptake and distribution. In: Miller RD, ed. Anesthesia. 4th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1994:101-23.
19. Kitahata LM, Taub A, Conte AJ. The effect of nitrous oxide on alveolar carbon dioxide tension: a second-gas effect. Anesthesiology 1971;35:607-11.
20. Eger EI II, Smith RA, Koblin DA. The concentration effect can be mimicked by a decrease in blood solubility. Anesthesiology 1978;49:282-4.
21. Yammamura H, Wakasugi B, Okuma Y, Maki K. The effect of ventilation on the absorption and elimination of inhalation anesthetics. Anaesthesia 1963;18:427-38.
22. Eger EI II. Application of mathematical model of gas uptake. In: Papper EM, Kitz R, eds. Uptake and distribution of anesthetic agents. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963:88-103.
23. Pavlin EG, Su JY. Cardiopulmonary pharmacology. In: Miller RD, ed. Anesthesia. 4th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1994:125-56.
24. Eger EI II, Smith N, Stoelting R. Cardiovascular effects of halothane in man. Anesthesiology 1970;32:396-409.
25. Calverley R, Smith N, Prys-Roberts C, et al. Cardiovascular effects of enflurane anesthesia during controlled ventilation in man. Anesth Analg 1978;57:619-28.
26. Weiskopf R, Cahalan M, Eger EI II, et al. Cardiovascular actions of desflurane in normocarbic volunteers. Anesth Analg 1991;73: 143-56.
27. Inada T, Inada K, Kawachi S, et al. Haemodynamic comparison of sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia in surgical patients. Can J Anaesth 1997;44:140-5.