Fractionation of halogenated organic matter present in rain and snow

Chemosphere

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 393-409

  Laniewski, Krzysztof ^a   Borén, Hans ^a   Grimvall, Anders ^b  

^a LINKÖPING UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1,4 DICHLOROBENZENE; BROMINE; CHLORINE; CHLOROACETIC ACID; ORGANOHALOGEN DERIVATIVE; RAIN; SNOW; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

HALOGEN; ORGANIC MATTER; PRECIPITATION QUALITY; RAINFALL; SNOW;

ADSORPTION; ARTICLE; EVAPORATION; EXTRACTION; FILTRATION; FRACTIONATION; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLLUTION; SAMPLE;

EUROPE;

EID: 0032889761     PISSN: 00456535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00181-7     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. M. Keller, AOX-Gehalte in Fliessgewässern der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Dtsch Gewaesserkd Mitt 31, 38-42 (1987).
2. M. Enell and L. Wennberg, Distribution of halogenated organic compounds (AOX) - Swedish transport to surrounding sea areas and mass balance studies in five drainage systems, Wat. Sci. Technol. 24, 385-395 (1991).
3. th Meeting (Edited by G. Angletti and A. Björseth), pp. 458-464. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1991).
4. E. Häsänen and P. K. G. Manninen, The total organochlorine and organobromine (AOC1, AOBr) concentrations in water courses and in snow in Finland, VDI Berichte 745, 395-400 (1989).
5. I. Renner and D. Mühlhausen, Gefährdung der Grundwasserqualität durch antropogene organische Luftverunreinigungen, VDI Berichte 837, 705-727 (1989).
6. R. Schleyer, I. Renner and D. Mühlhausen, Beeinflussung der Grundwasserqualität durch luftgetragene organische Schadstoffe, WaBoLu-Hefte 5, 31-57 (1991).
7. A. Grimvall, K. Laniewski, H. Borén, S. Jonsson and S. Kaugare, Organohalogens of natural or unknown origin in surface water and precipitation, Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 46, 183-196 (1994).
8. K. Laniewski, H. Borén, A. Grimvall, S. Jonsson and L. von Sydow, Chemical characterisation of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in precipitation. In: Naturally-Produced Organohalogens (Edited by A. Grimvall and E. B. W. de Leer), pp. 113-129. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1995).
9. W. M. J. Strachan, Toxic contaminants in rainfall in Canada: 1984, Environ. Tox. Chem. 7, 871-877 (1988).
10. S. Galassi, E. Gosso and G. Tartari, PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in rains of northern Italy, Chemosphere 27, 2287-2293 (1993).
11. R. M. Hoff, W. M. J. Strachan, C. W. Sweet, C. H. Chan, M. Shackleton, T. F. Bidleman, K. A. Brice, D. A. Burniston, S. Cussion, D. F. Gatz, K. Harlin and W. H. Schroeder, Atmospheric deposition of toxic chemicals to the Great Lakes: A review of data through 1994, Atmos. Environ. 30, 3505-3527 (1996).
12. H. Frank, Airborne chlorocarbons, photooxidants and forest decline, Ambio 20, 13-18 (1991).
13. R. Kohlert, F. Andreaus, F. Svabenicky, W. Hartl and G. Lorbeer, Determination of trichloroacetic acid in rainwater. Presented at Dioxin 93, Vienna (1993).
14. H. Frank, D. Renschen, A. Klein and H. Scholl, Trace analysis of airborne haloacetates, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 18, 83-88 (1995).
15. S. Reimann, K. Grob and H. Frank, Chloroacetic acids in rain water, Environ. Sci. Technol. 30, 2340-2344 (1996).
16. D. Zehavi and J. N. Seiber, An analytical method for trifluoroacetic acid in water and air samples using headspace gas chromatographic determination of the methyl ester, Anal. Chem. 68, 3450-3459 (1996).
17. S. Juuti, Trichloroacetic Acid in Forest Environment, Ph. D. thesis, University of Kuopio, Kuopio (1997).
18. M. P. Ligocki, C. Leuenberger and J. F. Pankow, Trace organic compounds in rain. II. Gas scavenging of neutral organic compounds, Atmos. Environ. 19, 1609-1617 (1985).
19. J. Czuczwa, C. Leuenberger and W. Giger, Seasonal and temporal changes of organic compounds in rain and snow, Atmos. Environ. 22, 907-916 (1989).
20. W. T. Jung, M. Fujita and D. H. Sohn, Levels of volatile hydrocarbons in Tokyo rain and their seasonal time series changes, Jpn. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 38, 490-497 (1992).
21. G. E. Likens, E. S. Edgerton and J. N. Galloway, The composition and deposition of organic carbon in precipitation, Tellus 35B:16-24 (1983).
22. M. A. Mazurek and B. R. T. Simoneit, Organic components in bulk and wet-only precipitation. In: Critical Reviews in Environmental Control (Edited by C. P. Straub), Vol 16, pp. 1-140. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL (1986).
23. K. Levsen, S. Behnert and H. D. Winkeler, Organic compounds in precipitation, Fresenius' J. Anal Chem. 340, 665-671 (1991).
24. K. Kawamura and I. R. Kaplan, Motor exhaust emission as a primary source for dicarboxylic acids in Los Angeles ambient air, Environ. Sci. Technol. 21, 105-110 (1987).
25. H. Borén, A. Grimvall, J. Palmborg, R. Sävenhed and B. Wigilius, Optimization of the open stripping system for the analysis of trace organics in water, J. Chromatogr. 348, 67-78 (1985).
26. DIN, Bestimmung der adsorbierbaren organisch gebundenen Halogene (AOX), DIN 38409, Teil 14, Summarische Wirkungs- und Stoffkenngrössen (Gruppe H), Beuth-Verlag, Berlin (1985).
27. L. S. Aston, J. Noda, J. N. Seiber and C. A. Reece, Organophosphate flame retardants in needles of Pinus ponderosa in the Sierra Nevada Foothills, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 57, 859-866 (1996).
28. B. F. Scott, E. Sverko and R. J. Maguire, Determination of benzothiazole and alkylphosphates in water samples from Great Lakes drainage basin by gas chromatography/atomic emission detection, Water Qual. Res. J. Canada 31, 2:341-360 (1996).
29. F. Wania and D. Mackay, Global fractionation and cold condensation of low volatility organochlorine compounds in polar regions, Ambio 22, 10-18 (1993).
30. 3, J. Geophys. Res. 100(D1), 1235-1251 (1995).
31. W. C. Keene, W. A. P. Pszenny, D. J. Jacob, R. A. Duce, J. N. Galloway, J. J. Schultz-Tokos, H. Sievering and J. F. Boatman, The geochemical cycling of reactive chlorine through the marine troposphere, Global Biogeochem. Cycles 4, 407-430 (1990).
32. C. Zetzsch and W. Behnke, Heterogeneous photochemical sources of atomic Cl in the troposphere, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 96, 488-493 (1992).
33. 3. In: Naturally-Produced Organohalogens (Edited by A. Grimvall and E. B. W. de Leer), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1995).