Children's understanding that utterances emanate from minds: Using speaker belief to aid interpretation

Cognition

Volumn 72, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 45-66

  Mitchell, Peter ^a   Robinson, Elizabeth J ^b   Thompson, Doreen E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^c UK   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Effective listening; Interpretation; Utterances

Indexed keywords

AMBIGUITY; ARTICLE; CHILD; COMPREHENSION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPEECH PERCEPTION; TASK PERFORMANCE;

AGE FACTORS; CHILD; CHILD PSYCHOLOGY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COGNITION; CULTURE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT; MALE; PSYCHOLINGUISTICS;

EID: 0032886889     PISSN: 00100277     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0010-0277(99)00030-X     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Ackerman B.P. Form and function in children's understanding of ironic utterances. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 35:1983;487-508.
2. Baldwin D.A. Infants' ability to consult the speaker for clues to word reference. Journal of Child Language. 20:1993;395-418.
3. Baldwin, D.A., Moses, L.J., 1994. Early understanding of referential intent and attentional focus: evidence from language and emotion. In: Lewis, C., Mitchell, P. (Eds.), Children's Early Understanding of mind: Origins and Development. Erlbaum, Hove, pp. 133-156.
4. Baldwin D.A., Markman E.M., Bill B., Desjardins R.N., Irwin J.M., Tidball G. Infants' reliance on a social criterion for establishing word-object relations. Child Development. 67:1996;3135-3153.
5. Barquero, B., Schnotz, W., 1997. Adult's competence in representing and accepting fictional characters' beliefs. Poster presented at VIII European Conference on Developmental Psychology. Rennes, France, September, 1997.
6. Bjork, R.A., 1972. Theoretical implications of directed forgetting. In: Melton, A.W., Martin, E. (Eds.), Coding Processes in Human Memory. Wiley, New York, pp. 217-235.
7. Demorest A., Meyer C., Phelps E., Gardner H., Winner E. Words speak louder than actions: understanding deliberately false words. Child Development. 55:1984;1527-1534.
8. Donaldson, M., 1978. Children's Minds. Fontana/Collins, Glasgow.
9. Fabricius W.V., Sophian C., Wellman H. Young children's sensitivity to logical necessity in their inferential search behavior. Child Development. 58:1987;409-423.
10. Gibbs R.W. On the psycholinguistics of sarcasm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 115:1986;3-15.
11. Gilbert D.T. How mental systems believe. American Psychologist. 46:1991;107-119.
12. Gilbert D.T., Tafarodi R.W., Malone P.S. You can't not believe everything you read. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 65:1993;221-233.
13. Gopnik A., Astington J.W. Children's understanding of representational change, and its relation to the understanding of false belief and the appearance-reality distinction. Child Development. 59:1988;26-37.
14. Gopnik A., Graf P. Knowing how you know: young children's ability to identify and remember the sources of their beliefs. Child Development. 59:1988;1366-1371.
15. Johnson M.K., Hashtroudi S., Lindsay D.S. Source monitoring. Psychological Bulletin. 114:1993;3-28.
16. Leslie A.M. Pretending and believing: issues in the theory of ToMM. Cognition. 50:1994;211-238.
17. Mitchell, P., 1996. Acquiring a Conception of Mind: A Review of Psychological Research and Theory. Psychology Press, Hove.
18. Mitchell P., Robinson E.J. When do children overestimate their knowledge of unfamiliar targets? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 50:1990;81-101.
19. Mitchell P., Robinson E.J. Children's understanding of the evidential connotation of 'know' in relation to overestimation of their own knowledge. Journal of Child Language. 19:1992;167-182.
20. Mitchell P., Robinson E.J. Discrepant utterances resulting from a false belief: children's evaluations. Child Development. 65:1994;1214-1227.
21. Mitchell P., Russell J. Young children's understanding of the say-mean distinction in referential speech. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 47:1989;468-490.
22. Mitchell, P., Taylor, L.M., 1999. Shape constancy and theory of mind: is there a link? Cognition, in press.
23. Mitchell P., Robinson E.J., Nye R.M., Isaacs J.E. When speech conflicts with seeing: young children's understanding of informational priority. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 64:1997;276-294.
24. Mitchell P., Robinson E.J., Isaacs J.E., Nye R.M. Contamination in reasoning about false belief: an instance of realist bias in adults but not children. Cognition. 59:1996;1-21.
25. O'Neill D.K., Gopnik A. Young children's ability to identify the sources of their beliefs. Developmental Psychology. 27:1991;390-397.
26. Olson, D.R., 1994. The World on Paper. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
27. Perner J., Ruffman T. Episodic memory and autonoetic consciousness: developmental evidence and a theory of childhood amnesia. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 59:1995;516-548.
28. Perner J., Leekam S., Wimmer H. Three-year-olds' difficulty with false belief: the case for a conceptual deficit. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 5:1987;125-137.
29. Robinson, E.J., 1994. What people say, what they think and what is really the case: children's understanding of utterances as sources of knowledge. In: Lewis, C., Mitchell, P. (Eds.), Children's Early Understanding of mind: Origins and Development. Erlbaum, Hove, pp. 355-381.
30. Robinson E.J., Mitchell P. Children's interpretation of messages from a speaker with a false belief. Child Development. 63:1992;639-652.
31. Robinson E.J., Mitchell P. Young children's false belief reasoning: interpretation of messages is no easier than the classic task. Developmental Psychology. 30:1994;67-72.
32. Robinson E.J., Whittaker S.J. Children's conceptions of meaning-message relationships. Cognition. 22:1986;41-60.
33. Robinson E.J., Champion H., Mitchell P. Children's ability to infer utterance veracity from speaker informedness. Developmental Psychology. 35:1999;535-546.
34. Robinson E.J., Mitchell P., Nye R.M. Young children's treating of utterances as unreliable sources of knowledge. Journal of Child Language. 22:1995;663-685.
35. Searle, J.R., 1983. Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
36. Somerville S.C., Hadkinson B.A., Greenberg C. Two levels of inferential behavior in young children. Child Development. 50:1979;119-131.
37. Sophian C., Somerville S.C. Early developments in logical reasoning: considering alternative possibilities. Cognitive Development. 3:1988;183-222.
38. Sperber, D., Wilson, D., 1986. Relevance, Communication and Cognition. Blackwell, Oxford.
39. Wimmer H., Hogrefe G.-J., Perner J. Children's understanding of informational access as a source of knowledge. Child Development. 59:1988;386-396.
40. Winner E., Rosentiel A.K., Gardner H. The development of metaphoric understanding. Developmental Psychology. 12:1976;289-297.
41. Wyer R.S., Budesheim T.L. Person memory and judgments: the impact of information that one is told to disregard. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 48:1987;533-549.
42. Zuckerman, M., Depaulo, B.M.R., Rosenthal, R., 1981. Verbal and nonverbal communication of deception. In: Berkowitz, L. (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, Vol. 14, pp. 1-59.