Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An increasing problem in a diabetic foot clinic

Diabetic Medicine

Volumn 16, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 767-771

  Tentolouris, N ^a   Jude, Edward B ^a,b   Smirnof, I ^a   Knowles, E A ^a   Boulton, A J M ^a  

^a Diabetic Foot Clinic   (United Kingdom)

^b MANCHESTER ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Diabetes mellitus; Foot ulceration; Infections; MRSA

Indexed keywords

METICILLIN;

ADULT; AGED; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; DIABETIC FOOT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; TISSUE CULTURE; WOUND HEALING;

AGED; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIABETIC FOOT; HUMANS; METHICILLIN RESISTANCE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

EID: 0032886146     PISSN: 07423071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00132.x     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Palumbo PJ, Melton LJ. Peripheral vascular disease and diabetes. In Harris MI, Hamman RF eds. Diabetes in America (NIH Publication No. 85-1468). Washington: US Government Printing Office, 1985: 1-21.
2. Abbott CA, Vileikyte L, Williamson SH, Carrington A, Boulton AJM. Multicenter study of the incidence and predictive risk factors for diabetic foot ulceration. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1071-1075.
3. Bentkover JD, Champion AH. Economic evaluation of alternative methods of treatment for diabetic foot ulcer patients: cost-effectiveness of platelet releasate and wound care clinics. Wounds 1993; 5: 207-215.
4. Steed DL, Donohoe D, Webster MW, Lindsley L, and the Diabetic Ulcer Study Group. Effect of extensive debridement and treatment on the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. J Am Coll Surg 1996; 183: 61-64.
5. Most RS, Sinnock P. The epidemiology of lower extremity amputation in diabetic individuals. Diabetes Care 1983; 6: 87-91.
6. Williams DRR. The size of the problem: epidemiological and economic aspects of foot problems in diabetes. In Boulton AJM, Connor H, Cavanagh PR eds. The Foot in Diabetes, 2nd edn. New York: Wiley, 1994: 15-24.
7. Caputo GM, Cavanagh PR, Ulbrecht JS, Gibbons GW, Karchmer AW. Assessment and management of foot disease in patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 854-860.
8. Lipsky BA, Pecoraro RF, Larson SA. Outpatient management of uncomplicated lower-extremity infections in diabetic patients. Arch Intern Med 1990; 150: 790-797.
9. Grayson ML. Diabetic foot infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1995; 9: 143-161.
10. Sapico FL, Bessman AN, Canawati HN. Bacteremia in diabetic patients with infected lower extremities. Diabetes Care 1982; 5: 101-104.
11. Wheat LJ, Allen SD, Henry M, Kernek CB, Siders JA, Kuebler T et al. Diabetic foot infections. Bacteriologic analysis. Arch Intern Med 1986; 146, 1935-1940.
12. Mulligan ME, Murray-Leisure KA, Ribner BS, Standiford HC, John JF, Korvick JA et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a consensus review of the microbiology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology with implications for prevention and management. Am J. Med 1993; 94: 313-328.
13. Edmonds ME, Foster AM. Classification and management of neuropathic and neuroischaemic ulcers. In Boulton AJM, Connor H, Cavanagh Peds. The Diabetic Foot, 2nd edn. Chichester: Willey, 1994: 109-120.
14. Wagner FW. Algorithms of diabetic foot care. In Levin ME, O'Neal LW eds. The Diabetic Foot, 2nd edn. St Louis: Mosby Yearbook, 1983: 201-302.
15. Gibbons GW, Eliopoulos GM. Infection of the diabetic foot. In Kozak GP, Campbell DR, Frykberg RG, Habershaw GM eds. Management of Diabetic Foot Problems. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1995: 121.
16. Goldstein EJC, Citron DM, Nesbit CA. Diabetic foot infections. Bacteriology and activity of 10 oral antimicrobials agents against bacteria isolated from consecutive cases. Diabetes Care 1996; 19: 638-641.
17. Sharp CS, Bessman AN, Wagner FW Jr, Garland D. Microbiology of deep tissue in diabetic gangrene. Diabetes Care 1978; 1: 289.
18. Sharp CS, Bessman AN, Wagner FW Jr, Garland D, Reece E. Microbiology of superficial and deep tissues in infected diabetic gangrene. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1979; 149: 217.
19. Sapico FL, Canawati HN, Witte JL, Montgomery JZ, Wagner FW Jr, Bessman AN. Quantitative aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of infected diabetic feet. J Clin Microbiol 1980; 12: 413.
20. Sapico FL, Witte JL, Canawati HN, Montgomerie JZ, Bessman AN. The infected diabetic foot of the diabetic patient: quantitative microbiology and analysis of clinical features. Rev Infect Dis 1984; 6: 171.
21. Lipsky BA, Baker PD, Landon GC, Fernau R. Antibiotic therapy for diabetic foot infections: comparison of two parenteral-to-oral regumens. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24: 643-648.
22. Gough A, Clapperton M, Rolando N, Foster AVM, Philpott-Howard JP, Edmonds ME. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in diabetic foot infection. Lancet 1997; 350: 855-859.
23. Rosenberg J. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the community: who's watching? N Engl Med 1995; 346: 132-133.
24. Chantelau E, Tanudjaja T, Altenhofer F, Ersanli Z, Lacigova S, Metzer C. Antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated forefoot ulcers in diabetes: a controlled trial. Diabetic Med 1996; 13: 156-159.
25. Foster A, McColgan M, Edmonds M. Should oral antibiotics be given to 'clean' foot ulcers with no cellulitis? Diabetic Med 1998; 15: A27.
26. Piddock LJV. Fluoroquinolone resistance. Br Med J 1998; 317: 1029-1030.
27. Hart CA. Antibiotic resistance: an increasing problem. Br Med J 1998; 316: 1255-1256.
28. Abbasi K. Report calls for action on antibiotic resistance. Br Med J 1998; 316: 1261.
29. Doebbeling BN. The epidemilogy of methicillin-resistant colonisation and infection. J Chemother 1995; 7: 99-103.
30. Rao GG. Risk factors for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Drugs 1998; 55: 323-330.
31. Anonymous. Tackling antimicrobial resistance. Drug Therapeut Bull 1999; 37: 9-16.