A stochastic model for the sea level in the Estonian coastal area

Journal of Marine Systems

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 69-87

  Raudsepp, Urmas ^a   Toompuu, Aleksander ^a   Kõuts, Tarmo ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TARTU   (Estonia)

^b Estonian National Maritime Board   (Estonia)

Author keywords

Baltic Sea; Optimal analysis; Sea level; Stochastic model

Indexed keywords

NUMERICAL MODEL; SEA LEVEL; TIME DEPENDENT BEHAVIOR;

BALTIC SEA;

EID: 0032882068     PISSN: 09247963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0924-7963(99)00031-7     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Barnett T.P. The estimation of 'global' sea level change: a problem of uniqueness. J. Geophys. Res. 89:1984;7980-7988.
2. Bergström S., Carlsson B. River runoff to the Baltic Sea: 1950-1990. Ambio. 23:1994;280-287.
3. Bretherton F.P., Davis R.E., Fandry C.B. A technique for objective analysis and design of oceanographic experiments applied to MODE-73. Deep-Sea Res. 23:1976;559-582.
4. Cressie N. Statistics for Spatial Data. 1991;Wiley.
5. Ekman M. The world's longest continued series of sea level observation. Pure and Appl. Geophys. 127:1988;73-77.
6. Ekman M., Mäkinen J. Mean sea surface topography in the Baltic Sea and its transition area to the North Sea: a geodetic solution and comparisons with oceanographic models. J. Geophys. Res. 101:1996;11993-11999.
7. Emery K.O., Aubrey D.G. Sea Levels, Land Levels and Tide Gauges. 1991;Springer-Verlag.
8. Gandin L.S. Objective Analysis of Meteorological Fields. 1965;. Jerusalem.
9. Hernandez F., Le Traon P.-Y., Morrow R. Mapping mesoscale variability of the Azores Current using TOPEX/POSEIDON and ERS 1 altimetry, together with hydrographic and Lagrangian measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 100:1995;24995-25006.
10. Hiller W., Käse R. Objective Analysis of Hydrographic Data Sets From Mesoscale Surveys. 1983;Berichte Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany. Nr. 116.
11. Kõuts T. Thermohaline structures in Gulf of Riga. Kõuts T., Håkansson B. Observations of Water Exchange, Currents, Sea Levels and Nutrients in the Gulf of Riga. SMHI RO. 23:1995;4-19. Norköpping, Sweden.
12. Kullenberg G. Physical oceanography. Voipio A. The Baltic Sea. 1981;135-275. Elsevier Oceanography Series 30.
13. Lass H.U., Matthäus W. On temporal wind variations forcing salt water inflows into the Baltic Sea. Tellus. 48A:1996;663-671.
14. Lazarenko N.N. Kolebanija Urovnja Baltiiskovo Morja. 1961;39-127 Trudõ gosudarstvennogo okeanografitseskogo instituta, Leningrad, Soviet Union. in Russian.
15. Lilover M.-J., Raudsepp U., Kõuts T. Variability of the velocity field and its relation to the external forcing in the Gulf of Riga. Elken J., Toompuu A. Hydrographic Studies Within the Gulf of Riga Project, 1993-1994. EMI Report Series. (1):1995;35-82. Tallinn, Estonia.
16. Lips U., Lilover M.-J., Raudsepp U., Talpsepp L. Water renewal processes and related hydrographic structures in the Gulf of Riga. Elken J., Toompuu A. Hydrographic Studies Within the Gulf of Riga Project, 1993-1994. EMI Report Series. (1):1995;1-34. Tallinn, Estonia.
17. Lisitzin E. Day-to-day variation in sea level along the Finnish coast. Geophysica. 9:1967;259-275.
18. Lisitzin E. Sea Level Changes. 1974;Elsevier, Amsterdam.
19. Preisendorfer R.W. Principal Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography. 1988;Elsevier, Amsterdam.
20. Sachs L. Applied Statistics. 1982;Springer Verlag.
21. Samuelsson M., Stigebrandt A. Main characteristics of the long-term sea level variability in the Baltic Sea. Tellus. 48A:1996;672-683.
22. Sjöberg L.E., Fan H. Studies on the Secular Land Uplift and Long Periodic Variations of the Sea Level Around the Coast of Sweden. 1986;Royal Inst. of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. Research reports from the Department of Geodesy, Trita Geod 1003.
23. Toompuu A., Wulff F. Spatial large-scale correlations for optimal interpolation of temperature, salinity and nutrient concentrations in the Gulf of Finland. Environmetrics. 6:1995;55-72.
24. Toompuu A., Wulff F. Optimum analysis of monitoring data on temperature, salinity and nutrient concentrations in the Baltic Proper. Environ. Monitoring and Assessment. 43:1996;283-308.
25. Vermeer M., Kakkuri J., Mälkki P., Boman H., Kahma K.K., Leppäranta M. Land uplift and sea level variability spectrum using fully measured monthly means of tide gauge readings. Finnish Marine Res. 256:1988;3-75.
26. Võsumaa Ü, Eilola K., Stigebrandt A. Application of an enhanced one-dimensional model to the Gulf of Riga. Elken J., Toompuu A. Hydrographic Studies Within the Gulf of Riga Project, 1993-1994. EMI Report Series. (1):1995;121-142. Tallinn, Estonia.
27. Wunch C., Stammer D. The global frequency-wavenumber spectrum of oceanic variability estimated from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetric measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 100:1995;24859-24910.