Biodiversity, habitat and range-size aspects of a flora from a winter-rainfall desert in north-western Namaqualand, South Africa

Plant Ecology

Volumn 142, Issue 1-2, 1999, Pages 23-33

  Desmet, P G ^a   Cowling, R M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Dune; Gravel pavement; Growth form diversity; Leaf succulent plants; Rock outcrop; Succulent Karoo

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; ENDEMISM; FLORA; PHYLOGENY; SPECIES RICHNESS;

NAMAQUALAND; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 0032869204     PISSN: 13850237     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/a:1009814109891     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Arnold, T. H. & De Wet, B. C. 1993. Plant of southern Africa: names and distribution. Memoirs Bot. Surv. S. Afr. 62: 1-825.
2. Bittrich, V. & Hartmann, H. E. K. 1988. The Aizoaceae - a new approach. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 97: 239-254.
3. Bond, P. & Goldblatt, P. 1984. Plants of the Cape Flora. A descriptive catalogue. J. S. Afr. Bot. Suppl. 13: 1-455.
4. Burns, M. 1994. ALEXKOR Environmental Management Programme Report Vol. 3. Report Number EMAS-C 94, EMATEK, Stellenbosch.
5. Cowling, R. M., Gibbs Russell, G. E., Hoffman, M. T. & Hilton-Taylor, C. 1989. Patterns of plant species diversity in southern Africa. Pp. 19-50. In: Huntley, B. J. (ed.), Biotic diversity in southern Africa. Concepts and conservation. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.
6. Cowling, R. M. & Hilton-Taylor, C. 1994. Patterns of plant diversity and endemism in southern Africa: an overview. Pp. 31-52. In: Huntley, B. J. (ed.), Botanical diversity in southern Africa. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
7. Cowling, R. M. & Hilton-Taylor, C. Plant biogeography, endemism and diversity. In: Dean, W. R. J. & Milton, S. J. (eds.), The Karoo - ecological patterns and processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (in press).
8. Cowling, R. M. & Holmes, P. M. 1992. Flora and vegetation. Pp. 23-61. In: Cowling, R. M. (ed.), The ecology of fynbos. Nutrients, fire and diversity. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.
9. Cowling, R. M., Rundel, P. W., Desmet, P. G. & Esler, K. J. 1998. Extraordinarily high regional-scale plant diversity in southern African arid lands: subcontinental and global comparisons. Div. Distrib. 4: 27-36.
10. Cowling, R. M., Esler, K. J. & Rundel, P. W. 1999. Namaqualand, South Africa - an overview of a unique winter-rainfall desert ecosystem. Plant Ecol. 142: 3-21 (this issue).
11. Danin, A. 1978. Plant species diversity and ecological districts of the Sinai Desert. Vegetatio 36: 83-93.
12. Danin, A. 1996. Vegetation of Israel and Sinai. Bot. Zh. 81: 14-31.
13. Danin, A. 1997. Contributions of the flora of Jordan: new and interesting plants from Dana Nature Reserve, SW Jordan. Willdenowia 27: 161-175.
14. Desmet, P. G. 1996. The vegetation and restoration potential of the vegetation of the arid coastal belt between Port Nolloth and Alexander Bay, Namaqualand, South Africa. MSc Thesis. University of Cape Town.
15. Desmet, P. G. & Cowling, R. M. 1998. The climate of the Karoo. A functional approach. In: Dean, W. R. J. & Milton, S. J. (eds.), The Karoo - ecological patterns and processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (in press).
16. Desmet, P. G., Ellis, A. G. & Cowling, R. M. 1998. Speciation in the Mesembryanthema. Aloe 35: 38-43.
17. Esler, K. J. in press. Plant reproductive ecology. In: Dean, W. R. J. & Milton, S. J. (eds), The Karoo - ecological patterns and processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (in press).
18. Hammer, S. A. 1993. The genus Conophytum. A conograph. Succulent Plant Publications, Pretoria.
19. Hartmann, H. E. K. 1975. Speciation in Mesembryanthemaceae. Boissiera 24: 255-261.
20. Hartmann, H. E. K. 1991. Mesembryanthema. Contrib. Bol. Herb. 13: 75-157.
21. Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Patterns and characteristics of the flora of the Succulent Karoo Biome, southern Africa. Pp. 58-72. In van der Maesen, L. J. E., van der Burgt, X. M. & van Medenbach de Rooy, J. M. (eds.), The biodiversity of African plants. Kluwer, Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
22. Ihlenfeldt, H-D. 1994. Diversification in an arid world - the Mesembryanthemaceae. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25: 521-46.
23. Jürgens, N. 1986. Untersuchungen zur Ökologie sukkulenter Pflanzen des südlichen Afrika. Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg. 21: 139-365.
24. Jürgens, N. 1991. A new approach to the Namib Region. I: Phytogeographic subdivision. Vegetatio 97: 21-38.
25. Jürgens, N., Gotzmann, I. H. & Cowling, R. M. 1999. Remarkable medium-term dynamics of leaf succulent Mesembryanthema (Aizoaceae) in the winter-rainfall desert of northwestern Namaqualand, South Africa. Plant Ecol. 142: 87-96 (this issue).
26. Jürgens, N. & Niebel, A. 1991. The unknown lichen hill. Veld Flora 77: 24-26.
27. Jürgens, N. & Niebel-Lohmann, A. 1995. Geobotanical observations on Lichen Fields of the southern Namib Desert. Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 25: 135-156.
28. Le Houèrou, H. N. 1992. Outline of the biological history of the Sahara. J. Arid Environ. 22: 3-30.
29. Le Roux, A. & Schelpe, T. 1988. Namaqualand - South African wild flower guide 1. Botanical Society of S. Afr., Claremont.
30. Manning, J. & Goldblatt, P. 1996. West Coast - South African wild flower guide 7. Botanical Society of S. Afr., Claremont.
31. Milton, S. J., Yeaton, R. I., Dean, W. R. J. & Vlok, J. H. J. 1997. Succulent Karoo. Pp. 131-166. In: Cowling, R. M., Richardson, D. M. & Pierce, S. M. (eds), The vegetation of southern Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
32. Noy-Meir, I. 1973. Desert ecosystems: environment and producers. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4: 25-51.
33. Pietruszka, R. D. & Seely, M. K. 1985. Predictability of two moisture sources in the Namib Desert. S. Afr. J. Sci. 81: 682-685.
34. Preston-Whyte, R. A. & Tyson, P. D. 1988. The atmosphere and weather of southern Africa. Oxford University Press, Cape Town.
35. Porembski, S., Szarzynski, J., Mund, J-P. & Barthlott, W. 1996. Biodiversity and vegetation of small-sized inselbergs in a West African rain forest (Taï, Ivory Coast). J. Biogeog. 23: 47-55.
36. Robinson, E. R. 1978. Phytogeography of the Namib Desert of South West Africa (Namibia) and its significance to discussions of the age and uniqueness of this desert. Palaeoecol. Africa 10: 67-74.
37. Rosenzweig, M. L. 1995. Species diversity in space and time. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
38. Rutherford, M. C. & Westfall, R. H. 1978. Biomes of southern Africa - an objective categorization. Memoirs Bot. Surv. S. Afr. 54: 1-98.
39. Schmiedel, U. & Jürgens, N. 1999. Community structure on unusual habitat islands: quartz fields in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa. Plant Ecol. 142: 57-69 (this issue).
40. Schultze, B. R. (ed) 1965. Climate of South Africa. Part 8. General Survey (WB28). The Government Printer and Weather Bureau, Pretoria.
41. Schultze, R. E. & McGee, O. S. 1978. Climatic indices and classification in relation to the biogeography of southern Africa. Pp. 19-52. In: Werger, M. J. A. (ed.), Biogeography and ecology of southern Africa. Dr W Junk bv. Publishers, The Hague.
42. Shmida, A. 1985. Biogeography of the desert flora. Pp. 43-75. In: Evenari, M. (ed.), Hot deserts and arid shrublands. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam.
43. Von Willert, D. J., Werger, M. J. A., Brinckmann, E., Ihlenfeldt, H-D. & Eller, B. M. 1992. Life strategies of succulents in deserts: with special reference to the Namib Desert. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
44. Werger, M. J. A. 1978. The Karoo-Namib Region. Pp. 233-299. In: Werger, M. J. A. (ed.), Biogeography and ecology of southern Africa. Dr W. Junk bv Publishers, The Hague.
45. Williamson, G. 1997. Preliminary account of the floristic zones of the Sperrgebiet (Protected Diamond Area) in southwest Namibia. Dinteria 25: 1-68.