Evaluating techniques to monitor elk movement across fence lines

Wildlife Society Bulletin

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 344-352

  Bauman, Peter J ^a,c   Jenks, Jonathan A ^a   Roddy, Daniel E ^b  

^a SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Wind Cave National Park   (United States)

^c THE NATURE CONSERVANCY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cameras; Cervus elaphus; Deer; Elk; Fence; Line weight; Movements; O. virginianus; Odocoileus hemionus; Tracks

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032859948     PISSN: 00917648     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. ALTMANN, M. 1956. Patterns of herd behavior in free-ranging elk of Wyoming, (Cervus canadensis nelsoní). Zoologica 41:65-71.
2. ALTMANN, M. 1960. The role of juvenile elk and moose in the social dynamics of their species. Zoologica 45:35-39.
3. BASILE, J. V., AND T. N. LONNER. 1979. Vehicle restrictions influence elk and hunter distribution in Montana. Journal of Forestry 77:155-159.
4. BAUMAN, P. J. 1997. Wind Cave National Park elk population history. Wind Cave National Park documents. QL737U5.3. Hot Springs, South Dakota.
5. BAUMAN, P. J. 1998. The Wind Cave National Park elk herd: Home ranges, seasonal movements, and alternative control methods.Thesis, South Dakota State University, Brookings.
6. BEAR, G. D. 1989. Seasonal distribution and population characteristics of elk in Estes Valley, Colorado. Special Report Number 65. Colorado Division of Wildlife.
7. BROOKS, R.T. 1996. Assessment of two camera-based systems for monitoring arboreal wildlife. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24:298-300.
8. CAYOT, L. J., J. PRUKOP, AND D. R. SMITH. 1979. Zootic climax vegetation and natural regulation of elk in Yellowstone National Park. Wildlife Society Bulletin 7:162-169.
9. CONAWAY, C. 1952. The age at sexual maturity in male elk (Cervus canadensis). Journal of Wildlife Management. 16:313-315.
10. CZECH, B. 1991. Elk behavior in response to human disturbance at Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument. Applied Animal Behavior Science 29:269-277.
11. EDGE, W. D., AND C. L. MARCUM. 1985. Movements of elk in relation to logging disturbances. Journal of Wildlife Management 9:926-930.
12. EDGE, W. D., C. L. MARCUM, S. L. OLSON, AND J. F. LEHMKUHL. 1986. Nonmigratory cow elk herd ranges as management units. Journal of Wildlife Management 50:660-663.
13. FLOOK, D. R. 1967. Unequal sex ratio of wapiti in national parks of Canada. Dissertation, University of Alberta, Edmonton.
14. HAYES, J. P., AND S. H. JENKINS. 1997. Individual variation in mammals. Journal of Mammalogy 78:274-293.
15. HERNANDEZ, F., D. ROLLINS, AND R. CANTU. 1997. An evaluation of Trailmaster® camera systems for identifying ground-nest predators. Wildlife Society Bulletin 25:848-853.
16. HOUSTON, D. B. 1982. The northern Yellowstone elk: ecology and management. Macmillan, New York, New York.
17. JENKINS, S. H. 1997. Perspectives on individual variation in mammals. Journal of Mammalogy 78:271-273.
18. KNIGHT, J. E., E. J. SWENSSON, AND H. SHERWOOD. 1997. Elk use of modified fence-crossing designs. Wildlife Society Bulletin 25:819-822.
19. KRISTAN, D. M., R.T. GOLIGHTLY, JR., AND S. M. TOMKIEWICZ, JR. 1996. A solar-powered transmitting video camera for monitoring raptor nests. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24:284-290.
20. LOVAAS, A. L. 1973. A cooperative elk trapping program in Wind Cave National Park.Wildlife Society Bulletin 1:93-100.
21. LYON, L. J. 1979. Habitat effectiveness for elk as influenced by roads and cover. Journal of Forestry 77:658-660.
22. MCCORQUODALE, S. M., L. E. EBERHARDT, AND G. A. SARGEANT. 1989. Antler characteristics in a colonizing elk population. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:618-621.
23. MILLSPAUGH, J. J. 1995. Seasonal movements, habitat use patterns, and the effects of human disturbances on elk in Custer State Park, South Dakota. Thesis, South Dakota State University, Brookings.
24. MURIE, O. J. 1951. The elk of North America. Stackpole, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
25. NAUGLE, D. E. 1994. Density, movements, and habitat use of white-tailed deer at Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge, South Dakota. Thesis, South Dakota State University, Brookings.
26. PICTON, H. D. 1980. Land use impacts on elk in the Gallatin Valley. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 35:93-95.
27. RICE, L.A. 1988. Evaluation of movements and habitat use of elk in the southern Black Hills. South Dakota, 1980-1986. Completion Report. W-75-R-28 Number 7524. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks, Pierre.
28. SCHULTZ, R. D., AND J.A. BAILEY. 1978. Responses of national park elk to human activity. Journal of Wildlife Management 42:91-100.
29. SQUIBB, R. C. 1985. Mating success of yearling and older bull elk. Journal of Wildlife Management 49:744-750.
30. STROHMEYER, D. C., AND J. M. PEEK. 1996 Wapiti home range and movement patterns in a sagebrush desert. Northwest Science 70:79-87.
31. THOMAS, J.W., AND D. E. TOWEILL. 1982. Elk of North America: Ecology and management. Wildlife Management Institute. Stackpole, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
32. VARLAND, K. L., A. L. LOVAAS, AND R. B. DAHLGREEN. 1978. Herd organization and movements of elk In Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota. United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Natural Resources Report Number 13.
33. WESTFALL, J. A. JR. 1989. Elk movements, habitat use, and population dynamics in Theodore Roosevelt National Park. Thesis, Montana State University, Bozeman.
34. WITMER, G. W., AND D. S. DECALESTA. 1985. Effect of forest roads on habitat use by Roosevelt elk. Northwest Science 59:122-125
35. WYDEVEN, A. P., AND R. B. DAHLGREN. 1985. Ungulate habitat relationships in Wind Cave National Park. Journal of Wildlife Management 49:805-813.