Surface energy balance complexity in GCM land surface models

Climate Dynamics

Volumn 15, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 389-403

  Desborough, C E ^a  

^a MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE MODELING; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; LAND SURFACE;

EID: 0032855603     PISSN: 09307575     EISSN: 14320894     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s003820050289     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Budyko MI (1956) The heat balance of the Earth's surface. Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 255 pp
2. Chen TH, Henderson-Sellers A, Milly PCD, Pitman AJ, Beljaars ACM, Polcher J, Abramopoulos F, Boone A, Chang S, Chen F, Dai Y, Desborough CE, Dickinson RE, Dumenil L, Ek M, Garratt JR, Gedney N, Gusev YM, Kim J, Koster R, Kowalczyk EA, Laval K, Lean J, Lettenmaier D, Liang X, Mahfouf J-F, Mengelkamp H-T, Mitchell K, Nasonova ON, Noilhan J, Polcher J, Robock A, Rosenzweig C, Schaake J, Schlosser CA, Schulz J-P, Shmakin AB, Verseghy DL, Wetzel P, Wood EF, Xue Y, Yang Z-L, Zeng Q (1997) Cabauw experimental results from the project for intercomparison of land surface parametrization schemes. J Clim 10:1144-1215
3. Cogley JG, Pitman AJ, Henderson-Sellers A (1990) A land surface for large-scale climate models. Trent University Technical Note 90_1, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9 J 7B8, Canada, 129 pp
4. Deardorff JW (1978) Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture, with inclusion of a layer of vegetation. J Geophys Res 83:1889-1903
5. Desborough CE (1997) Evaporative surface stress in land surface models: impact of inter-model parametrisation differences. PhD Thesis, Macquarie University, 136 pp
6. Desborough, CE, Pitman AJ (1998) The BASE land surface model. Global Planet Change 19:3-18
7. Dickinson RE, Henderson-Sellers A, Kennedy PJ (1993) Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS) Version le as coupled to the NCAR Community Climate Model. NCAR Tech. Note TN383 + STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 72 pp
8. Ducoudre NI, Laval K, Perrier A (1993) SECHIBA: a new set of parametrizations of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD atmospheric general circulation model. J Clim 6:248-273
9. Henderson-Sellers A, Yang Z-L, Dickinson RE (1993) The project for intercomparison of land-surface parametrisation schemes. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 74:1335-1349
10. Henderson-Sellers A, Pitman AJ, Love PK, Irranejad P, Chen TH (1995) The project for intercomparison of land-surface parametrisation schemes (PILPS): phases 2 and 3. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 76:489-503
11. Henderson-Sellers A, McGuffie K, Pitman AJ (1996) The project for intercomparison of land-surface parametrization schemes (PILPS): 1992 to 1995. Clim Dyn 12:849-859
12. Jarvis PG (1976) The interpretation of the variations in leaf water potential and stomatal conductance found in canopies in the field. Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B 273: 593-610
13. Kelliher FM, Leuning R, Raupach MR, Schulze E-D (1995) Maximum conductance for evaporation from global vegetation types. Agr and Forest Meteorology 73:1-16
14. Koster RD, Milly PCD (1997) The interplay between transpiration and runoff formulations in land surface schemes used with atmospheric models. J Clim 10:1578-1591
15. Koster RD, Suarez MJ (1992) Modelling the land surface boundary in climate models as a composite of independent vegetation stands. J Geophys Res 97:2697-2715
16. Koster RD, Suarez MJ (1994) The components of a SVAT scheme and their effects on a GCM's hydrological cycle. Adv Water Res 17:61-78
17. Louis J-F (1979) A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 17:187-202
18. Manabe S (1969) Climate and the ocean circulation: 1, The atmospheric circulation and the hydrology of the Earth's surface. Mon Weather Rev 97:739-805
19. Noilhan J, Planton S (1989) A simple parametrization of land surface processes for meteorological models. Mon Weather Rev 117:536-549
20. Peylin P, Polcher J, Bonan G, Williamson DL, Laval K (1997) Comparison of two complex land surface schemes coupled to the National Centre for Atmospheric Research general circulation model. J Geophy Res 102:19 413-19 431
21. Pitman AJ, Desborough CE (1996) Brief description of bare essentials of surface transfer and results from simulations with the HAPEX-MOBILHY data. Global Plan 13:135-143
22. Pitman AJ, Henderson-Sellers A, Abramopoulos F, Avissar R, Bonan G, Boone A, Cogley JG, Dickinson RE, Ek M, Entekhabi D, Famiglietti J, Garratt JR, Frech M, Hahmann A, Koster R, Kowalczyk EA, Laval K, Lean L, Lee TJ, Lettenmaier D, Liang X, Mahfouf J-F, Mahrt L, Milly PCD, Mitchell K, Noblet Nd, Noilhan J, Pan H, Pielke R, Robock A, Rosenzweig CE, Running SW, Schlosser CA, Scott R, Suarez M, Thompson S, Verseghy D, Wetzel PJ, Wood E, Xue Y, Yang Z-L, Zhang L (1993) Results from the off-line control simulation phase of the project for Intercomparison of Land surface Parametrisation Schemes (PILPS). GEWEX Technical Note, IGPO Publication Series 7, 47 pp
23. Polcher J, Laval K, Dumenil L, Lean J, Rowntree PR (1996) Comparing three land surface schemes used in general circulation models. J Hydrol 180:373-394
24. Robock A, Vinikov KY, Schlosser A (1995) Use of midlatitude soil moisture and meteorological observations to validate soil moisture simulations with biosphere and bucket models. J Clim 8:15-35
25. Sato N, Sellers PJ, Randall DA, Schneider EK, Shukla J, Kinter JL, Hou YY, Albertazzi E (1989) Effects of implementing the Simple Biosphere Model (SiB) in a general circulation model. J Atmos Sci 46:2757-2782
26. Schlosser CA, Slater AG, Robock A, Pitman AJ, Vinnikov KY, Henderson-Sellers A, Speranskaya NA, Mitchell K, Boone A, Braden H, Cox P, DeRosney P, Desborough CE, Dai Y-J, Duan Q, Entin J, Etchevers P, Gedney N, Gusev YM, Habets F, Kim J, Kowalczyk E, Nasonova O, Noilhan J, Polcher J, Shmakin A, Smirnova T, Verseghy D, Wetzel P, Xue Y, Yang Z-L (1999) Simulations of a boreal grassland hydrology at Valdai, Russia: PILPS phase2(d). Accepted by Monthly Weather Review.
27. Sellers PJ, Mintz Y, Sud YC, Dalcher A (1986) A Simple Biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models. J Atmos Science 43:503-531
28. Shao Y, Henderson-Sellers A (1996) Validation of soil moisture simulation in landsurface parametrisation schemes with HAPEX data. Global Plan 13:11-46
29. Verseghy DL, McFarlane NA, Lazare M (1993) CLASS - a Canadian land surface scheme for GCMs. II: vegetation model and coupled runs. Int J Clim 13:347-370
30. Warrilow D, Sangster A, Slingo A (1986) Modelling of land surface processes and their influence on European climate. Tech Rep No. 38, Meteorological office, Bracknell, 94 pp
31. Wetzel PJ, Boone A (1995) A parameterization for land-atmosphere-cloud exchange (PLACE): documentation and testing of a detailed process model of the partly cloudy boundary layer over heterogeneous land. J Clim 8:1810-1837
32. Xue Y, Sellers PJ, Kinter JL, Shukla J (1991) A simplified biosphere model for climate studies. J Clim 4:345-364