Who mans the world fleet? A follow-up to the BIMCO/ISF manpower survey

Maritime Policy and Management

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 295-303

  Li, K X ^a   Wonham, J ^a  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LABOR SUPPLY; MARITIME TRANSPORTATION; SHIPPING;

EID: 0032854040     PISSN: 03088839     EISSN: 14645254     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/030888399286907     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. BIMCO/ISF. 1995. The Worldwide Demand for and Supply of Seafarers, Manpower Update:Main Report, The University of Warwick—Institute for Employment Research. The survey shows a shortage of 18000 officers worldwide in 1995, and forecasts that the shortage will increase to 30000 in the year 2000, and to 42000 in the year of 2005
2. McConville, J., Glen, D. R., and Dowden, J., 1998. UK Seafarers Analysis 1997. International Transport Management, 1:3
3. Art. VI, International Convention on Standards of Training, Certifications and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978/1995; International Labour Organisation (ILO) Convention No. 147, Vocational Training (Seafarers) Recommendation, 1970 (No. 137), Officers' Competency Certificates Convention, 1936 (No. 53) Convention of Able Seamen Convention, 1946 (No. 74)
4. 1998. Lloyd's List, 13 October:5
5. The Stationery Office. Merchant Fleet Statistics 1996 86
6. Marine Department, Hong Kong. Statistical Table (Annul). Korea Maritime Institute, Shipping Statistical Handbook (Annual)
7. Li, K. X., and Wonham, J., 1999. A method for estimating employment of seamen on open registry ships. The Logistic and Transportation Review, to be published
8. Chinese ships must bemanned by Chinese citizens. Art. 7”. In Regulations Governing of Ship Registration of PRC
9. Chen, W., and Chen, J., 1997. Measures to be taken to make China the largest crew-supplying country. Journal of Shanghai Maritime University (Quarterly), 3:48
10. See [1]. Table on p. 37, in which the demand of officers is 427000, and the balance is - 18000, thus the shortage is 4.22% of the total demand
11. See [1]. Note on p. 4, which includes Anguilla, Antigua Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Brunei, Cambodia, Cayman Islands, Channel Islands, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominica Republic, Faeroes, Falkland Islands, French Antarctic Territory, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greenland, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Malta, Turkmenistan, and United Arab Emirates
12. Mainly includes Australia, Bahamas, Brazil, China, Cyprus, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea (South), Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Panama, Philippines, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (‘St. Vincent’), Singapore, Taiwan, and Turkey
13. Mainly includes Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Liberia, Netherlands, Norway, Peru, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, UK and USA
14. The BIMCO/ISFsurvey[1] forecasts that the demand of seafarers of theGreek flag will increase from 50994 in 1995 to 52209 in the year 2000 and to 53486 in the year 2005
15. Frankel, E. G., 1998. China's maritime developments. Maritime Policy & Management, 25:249
16. ‘International seamen’ here refer to those whowork on ship flying flag of not ‘their’ own nationality
17. In 1995, there were 3679 back-up seamen for non-UK-flag vessels with members of Chamber of Shipping only. See the Stationery Office, Merchant Fleet Statistics 1996, p. 86
18. Panama, Cyprus, Liberia, Bahamas, Malta, St. Vincent, Antigua & Barbuda, Isle of Man, Netherlands Antilles & Aruba (N. Antilles & A.), Vanuatu, Honduras, Bermuda and Marshall Islands
19. A contract between China and Japan to annually supply 20 000 Chinese seamen has already been signed. A maritime training centre was established in Shenzhen, south of China, by Hong Kong investment. Norwegian shipping operators have a very positive viewon the quality of Chinese seamen, and further co-operation on training is underway [9]