Pulsatile hemodynamics in hypertension

Current Opinion in Cardiology

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 361-369

  Mitchell, Gary F ^a   Pfeffer, Marc A ^b  

^a CARDIOVASCULAR ENGINEERING INC   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DIURETIC AGENT; HYDRALAZINE; VASODILATOR AGENT; ZOFENOPRIL;

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; AORTA VALVE; DIASTOLE; HEART EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE MASS; HEART WORK; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PULSE PRESSURE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SYSTOLE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; VASODILATATION;

EID: 0032847872     PISSN: 02684705     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001573-199909000-00002     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. Kannel WB, Wolf PA, McGee DL, Dawber TR, McNamara P, Castelli WP: Systolic blood pressure, arterial rigidity, and risk of stroke: the Framingham study. JAMA 1981, 245:1225-1229.
2. Darne B, Girerd X, Safar M, Cambien F, Guize L: Pulsatile versus steady component of blood pressure: a cross-sectional analysis and a prospective analysis on cardiovascular mortality. Hypertension 1989, 13:392-400.
3. Benetos A, Safar M, Rudnichi A, Smulyan H, Richard J-L, Ducimetiere P, Guize L: Pulse pressure: a predictor of long-term cardiovascular mortality in a French male population. Hypertension 1997, 30:1410-1415.
4. Madhavan S, Ooi WL, Cohen H, Alderman MH: Relation of pulse pressure and blood pressure reduction to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Hypertension 1994, 23:395-401.
5. Fang J, Madhavan S, Cohen H, Alderman MH: Measures of blood pressure and myocardial infarction in treated hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 1995, 13:413-419.
6. Mitchell GF, Moye LA, Braunwald E, Rouleau J-L, Bernstein V, Geltman EM, et al.: Sphygmomanometrically determined pulse pressure is a powerful independent predictor of recurrent events after myocardial infarction in patients with impaired left ventricular function. Circulation 1997, 96:4254-4260.
7. Kobayashi S, Yano M, Kohno M, Obayashi M, Hisamatsu Y, Ryoke T, et al.: Influence of aortic impedance on the development of pressure-overload left ventricular hypertrophy in rats. Circulation 1996, 94:3362-3368.
8. Zile MR, Gaasch WH: Mechanical loads and the isovolumic and filling indices of left ventricular relaxation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1990, 32:333-346.
9. Hori M, Inoue M, Kitakaze M, Tsujioka K, Ishida Y, Fukunami M, et al.: Loading sequence is a major determinant of afterload dependent relaxation in intact canine heart. Am J Physiol 1985, 249:H747-H754.
10. Kohno F, Kumada T, Kambayashi M, Hayashida w, Ishikawa N, Sasayama S: Changes in aortic end-systolic pressure by alterations in loading sequence and its relation to left ventricular isovolumic relaxation. Circulation 1996, 93:2080-2087.
11. Watanabe H, Ohtsuka S, Kakihana M, Sugishita Y: Coronary circulation in dogs with an experimental decrease in aortic compliance. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993, 21:1497-1506.
12. Buckberg GD, Fixler DE, Archie JP, Hoffman JIE: Experimental subendocardial ischemia in dogs with normal coronary arteries. Circ Res 1972, 30:67-81.
13. Ferro G, Duilio C, Spinelli L, Liucci GA, Mazza F, Indolfi C: Relation between diastolic perfusion time and coronary artery stenosis during stress-induced myocardial ischemia. Circulation 1995, 92:342-347.
14. Nichols WW, O'Rourke MF, Avolio AP, Yaginuma T, Pepine CJ, Conti R: Ventricular/vascular interaction in patients with mild systemic hypertension and normal peripheral resistance. Circulation 1986, 74:455-462.
15. Avolio AP, Deng FQ, Li WQ, Luo YF, Huang ZD, Xing LF, O'Rourke MF: Effects of aging on arterial distensibility in populations with high and low prevalence of hypertension: comparison between urban and rural communities in China. Circulation 1985, 71:202-210.
16. Salomaa V, Riley W, Kark JD, Nardo C, Folsom AR: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations are associated with arterial stiffness indexes: the ARIC study. Circulation 1995, 91:1432-1443.
17. Riley WA, Freedman DS, Higgs NA, Barnes RW, Zinkgraf SA, Berenson GS: Decreased arterial elasticity associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors in the young: Bogalusa Heart Study. Arteriosclerosis 1986, 6:378-386.
18. Avolio, AP, Clyde KM, Beard TC, Cooke HM, Ho KKL, O'Rourke MF: Improved arterial distensibility in normotensive subjects on a low salt diet. Arteriosclerosis 1986, 6:166-169.
19. Avolio AP, Deng FQ, Li WQ, Luo YF, Huang ZD, Xing LF, O'Rourke MF: Effects of aging on arterial distensibility in populations with high and low prevalence of hypertension: comparison between urban and rural communities in China. Circulation 1985, 71:202-210.
20. Nichols WW, O'Rourke MF: Atherosclerosis. In McDonald's Blood Flow in Arteries: Theoretical, Experimental and Clinical Principles. London: Arnold; 1998:396-401. This chapter appears in the superbly written latest edition of a classic textbook that is a must for those interested in pulsatile hemodynamics. The chapter discusses the implications of local hemodynamic factors in atherogenesis.
21. Lyon RT, Runyon-Hass A, Davis HR, Glagov S, Zarins CK: Protection from atherosclerotic lesion formation by reduction of artery wall motion. J Vasc Surg 1987, 5:59-67.
22. Ryan SM, Waack BJ, Weno BL, Heistad DD: Increases in pulse pressure impair acetylcholine-induced vascular relaxation. Am J Physiol 1995, 268:H359-H363.
23. Alexander RW: Hypertension and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress and the mediation of arterial inflammatory response: a new perspective. Hypertension 1995, 25:155-161.
24. Cheng GC, Loree HM, Kamm RD, Fishbein MC, Lee RT: Distribution of circumferential stress in ruptured and stable atherosclerotic lesions: a structural analysis with histopathological correlation. Circulation 1993, 87:1179-1187.
25. Saba PS, Roman MJ, Pini R, Spitzer M, Ganau A, Devereux RB: Relation of arterial pressure waveform to left ventricular and carotid anatomy in normotensive subjects. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993, 22:1873-1880.
26. Baumbach GL, Siems JE, Heistad DD: Effects of local reduction in pressure on distensibility and composition of cerebral arterioles. Circ Res 1991, 68:338-351.
27. Christensen KL: Reducing pulse pressure in hypertension may normalize small artery structure. Hypertension 1991, 18:722-727.
28. Baumbach GL: Is pulse pressure a stimulus for altered vascular structure in chronic hypertension? Hypertension 1991, 18:728-729.
29. James MA, Watt PAC, Potter JF, Thurston H, Swales JD: Pulse pressure and resistance artery structure in the elderly. Hypertension 1995, 26:301-306.
30. Osei K: The impact of ethnicity and race on hyperinsulinemia, elastic properties of the aorta, and cardiovascular diseases in human subjects: a new hypothesis? In Functional Abnormalities of the Aorta. Edited by Boudoulas H, Toutouzas P, Wooley CF. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Co.; 1996:93-103.
31. Rajkumar C, Kingwell BA, Cameron JD, Waddell T, Mehra R, Christophidis N, et al.: Hormonal therapy increases arterial compliance in post-menopausal women. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997, 30:350-356.
32. Schieken RM, Moskowitz WB, Bodurtha J, Mosteller M, Eaves L, Nance W: Aortic stiffness: a new Doppler echocardiographic measure predictive of systolic blood pressure in children. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988, 11:1297-1300.
33. Lever AF, Harrap SB: Essential hypertension: a disorder of growth with origins in childhood? J Hypertens 1992, 10:101-120.
34. Franklin SS, Gustin W, Wong ND, Larson MG, Weber MA, Kannel WB, Levy D: Hemodynamic patterns of age-related changes in blood pressure: the Framingham heart study. Circulation 1997, 96:308-315.
35. Kannel WB, Dawber TR, McGee DL: Perspectives on systolic hypertension: the Framingham Study. Circulation 1980, 61:1179-1182.
36. Pasierski T, Pearson AC, Lavobitz AJ: Pathophysiology of isolated systolic hypertension in elderly patients: Doppler echocardiographic insights. Am Heart J 1991, 122:528-534.
37. Nichols WW, Nicolini FA, Pepine CJ: Determinants of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. J Hypertens 1992, 10(suppl 6):S73-S77.
38. O'Donnell CJ, Ridker PM, Glynn RJ, Berger K, Ajani U, Manson JE, Hennekens CH: Hypertension and borderline isolated systolic hypertension increase risks of cardiovascular disease and mortality in male physicians. Circulation 1997, 95:1132-1137.
39. SHEP Cooperative Research Group: Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension: final results of the systolic hypertension in the elderly program (SHEP). JAMA 1991, 65:3255-3264.
40. Staessen JA, Fagard R, Thijs L, Celis H, Arabidze GG, Birkenhager WH, et al.: Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Lancet 1997, 350:757-764.
41. Abernethy J, Borhani NO, Hawkins CM, Crow R, Entwisle G, Jones JW, et al.: Systolic blood pressure as an independent predictor of mortality in the hypertension detection and follow-up program. Am J Prev Med 1986, 2:123-132
42. Chae C, Pfeffer M, Glynn RJ, Mitchell GF, Taylor JO, Hennekens C: Increased pulse pressure and risk of heart failure in the elderly. JAMA 1999, 281:634-639 This article demonstrates increased risk of heart failure in elderly patients with elevated pulse pressure.
43. Franklin SS, Khan SA, Wong ND, Larson MG, Levy D: Is pulse pressure more important than systolic blood pressure in predicting coronary heart disease events? The Framingham Study [abstract]. Circulation 1998, 98:1324.
44. Domanski MJ, Mitchell GF, Norman J, Exener D, Pitt B, Pfeffer MA: Independent prognostic information provided by sphygmomanometrically determined pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999, 33:951-958. In this study, pulse pressure and mean pressure had opposite relationships with adverse events: higher pulse pressure and lower mean arterial pressure were associated with an adverse outcome, demonstrating that the association between increased pulse pressure and outcome was not merely a marker of increased distending pressure.
45. Simon AC, Safar ME, Levenson JA, Bouthier JE, Benetos A: Action of vasodilation drugs on small and large arteries of hypertensive patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1983, 5:626-631.
46. Shimamoto H, Shimamoto Y: Lisinopril improves aortic compliance and renal flow: comparison with nifedipine. Hypertension 1995, 25:327-334.
47. Shimamoto H, Shimamoto Y: Lisinopril reverses left ventricular hypertrophy through improved aortic compliance. Hypertension 1996, 28:457-463.
48. Chen CH, Ting CT, Lin SJ, Hsu TL, Yin FCP, Siu CO, et al.: Different effects of fosinopril and atenolol on wave reflections in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1995, 25:1034-1041.
49. Ting CT, Chen CH, Chang MS, Yin FCP: Short-and long-term effects of antihypertensive drugs on arterial reflections, compliance, and impedance. Hypertension 1995, 26:524-530.
50. Ting CT, Yang TM, Chen JW, Chang MS, Yin FCP: Arterial hemodynamics in human hypertension: effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Hypertension 1993, 22:839-846.
51. Safar ME, van Bortel LM, Struijker-Boudier HA: Resistance and conduit arteries following converting enzyme inhibition in hypertension. J Vasc Res 1997, 34:67-81.
52. Girerd X, Giannattasio C, Moulin C, Safar M, Mancia G, Laurent S: Regression of radial artery wall hypertrophy and improvement of carotid artery compliance after long-term antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998, 31:1064-1073. This article shows that a low-dose, potassium-sparing diuretic has a favorable effect on conduit vessel hypertrophy and stiffness as converting enzyme inhibition in elderly patients. This finding is consistent with the favorable effects of a low-salt diet on conduit vessel function.
53. Ekbom T, Dahlof B, Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Schersten B, Wester PO: Antihypertensive efficacy and side effects of three beta-blockers and a diuretic in elderly hypertensives: a report from the STOP-Hypertension study. J Hypertens 1992, 10:1525-1530.
54. Heesen WF, Beltman FW, Smit AJ, May JF, de Graeff PA, Havinga TK, et al.: Effect of quinapril and triamterene/hydrochlorothiazine on cardiac and vascular end-organ damage in isolated systolic hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1998, 31:187-194 Similar to the study by Girerd et al. (J Am Coll Cardiol 1998, 31:1064-1073), this study suggests that a low-dose, potassium-sparing diuretic may be as beneficial as a converting enzyme inhibition for conduit vessel hypertrophy and stiffness in elderly patients.
55. Heesen WF, Beltman FW, Smit AJ, May JF, de Graeff PA, Havinga TK, et al.: Effect of quinapril and triamterene/hydrochlorothiazine on cardiac and vascular end-organ damage in isolated systolic hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1998, 31:187-194 Similar to the study by Girerd et al. (J Am Coll Cardiol 1998, 31:1064-1073), this study suggests that a low-dose, potassium-sparing diuretic may be as beneficial as a converting enzyme inhibition for conduit vessel hypertrophy and stiffness in elderly patients.
56. De Cesaris R, Ranieri G, Filitti V, Andriani A: Large artery compliaznce in essential hypertension: effects of calcium antagonism and beta-blocking. Am J Hypertens 1992, 5:624-628.
57. Cholley BP, Shroff SG, Sandelski J, Korcarz C, Balasia BA, Jain S, et al.: Differential effects of chronic oral antihypertensive therapies on systemic arterial circulation and ventricular energetics in African-American patients. Circulation 1995, 91:1052-1062.
58. Pannier BM, Lafleche AB, Girerd XJM, London GM, Safar ME: Arterial stiffness and wave reflections following acute calcium blockade in essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1994, 7:168-176.
59. Pfeffer MA, Pfeffer JM: Pharmacologic regression of cardiac hypertrophy in experimental hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1984, 6(suppl 6): S865-S869.
60. Frohlich ED: Cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension. N Engl J Med 1987, 317:831-833.
61. Pfeffer MA, Pfeffer JM: Reversing cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990, 322:1388-1390.
62. Gottdiener JS, Reda DJ, Massie BM, Materson BJ, Williams DW, Anderson RJ, et al.: Effect of single-drug therapy on reduction of left ventricular mass in mild to moderate hypertension. Circulation 1997, 95:2007-2014.
63. Dahlof B, Pennert K, Hansson L: Reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients: a metaanalysis of 109 treatment studies. Am J Hypertens 1992, 5:95-110.
64. Cruickshank J, Lewis J, Moore V, Dodd C: Reversibility of left ventricular hypertrophy by differing types of antihypertensive therapy. J Hum Hypertens 1992, 6:85-90.
65. Liebson PR, Grandits GA, Dianzumba S, Prineas RJ, Grimm RH, Neaton JD, et al.: Comparison of five antihypertensive monotherapies and placebo for change in left ventricular mass in patients receiving nutritional-hygienic therapy in the treatment of mild hypertension study (TOMHS). Circulation 1995, 91:698-706.
66. Schulman SP, Weiss JL, Becker LC, Gottleib SO, Woodruff DW, Anderson RJ, et al.: The effects of antihypertensive therapy on left ventricular mass in elderly patients. N Engl J Med 1990, 322:1350-1356.
67. Mitchell GF, Pfeffer MA, Finn PV, Pfeffer JM: Equipotent antihypertensive agents variously affect pulsatile hemodynamics and regression of cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Circulation 1996, 94:2923-2929.
68. Kelly RP, Gibbs HH, O'Rourke MF, Daley JE, Mang K, Morgan JJ, Avolio AP: Nitroglycerin has more favourable effects on left ventricular afterload than apparent from measurement of pressure in a peripheral artery. Eur Heart J 1990, 11:138-144.
69. Simkus GJ, Fitchett DH: Radial arterial pressure measurements may be a poor guide to the beneficial effects of nitroprusside on left ventricular systolic pressure in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1990, 66:323-326.
70. Yaginuma T, Avolio AP, O'Rourke MF, Nichols WW, Morgan J, Roy P, et al.: Effect of glyceryl trinitrate on peripheral arteries alters left ventricular hydraulic load in man. Cardiovasc Res 1986, 20:153-160.
71. Remington JW, Wood EH: Formation of peripheral pulse contour in man. J Appl Physiol 1956, 9:433-442.