Evaporation from snow in the central Sierra Nevada of California

Nordic Hydrology

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 81-108

  Leydecker, Al ^a   Melack, John M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EVAPORATION; MELTING; SNOW COVER;

CALIFORNIA; SIERRA NEVADA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0032844228     PISSN: 00291277     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2166/nh.1999.0005     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Anderson, E. A. (1976) A point energy and mass balance model of a snow cover, Technical Report NWS 19, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC.
2. Bernier, P. Y., and Edwards, G. C. (1990) Differences between air and snow surface temperatures during snow evaporation, Can. J. Forestry Res., Vol. 20, pp. 117-120.
3. Brutsaert, W. (1982) Evaporation into the Atmosphere, D. Reidel, Hingman Mass.
4. Brutsaert, W. (1992) Stability correction functions for the mean wind-speed and temperature in the unstable surface layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 19, pp. 469-472.
5. Cline, D. (1995) Snow surface energy exchanges and snowmelt at a continental alpine site, In: Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments (Ed. by K. Tonnessen, M. W. Williams and M. Tranter), IAHS Publ. no. 228, pp. 157-166.
6. Cline, D. (1997) Snow surface energy exchanges and snowmelt at a continental, midlatitude alpine site, Water Resour. Res., Vol. 33, pp. 689-701.
7. Halberstam, I., and Schieldge, J. P. (1981) Anomalous behavior of the atmospheric surface layer over a melting snowpack, J. Appl. Meteorol., Vol. 20, pp. 255-265.
8. Imberger, J., and Patterson, J. C. (1990) Physical Limnology, Academic Press.
9. Jordan, R. (1991) A one-dimensional temperature model for a snow-cover, Spec Rep. 91-16, U. S. Army Cold Reg. Res. and Eng. Lab., Hanover, N. H.
10. Kattelmann, R. C. (1995) Water Movement and Ripening Processes in Snowpacks of the Sierra Nevada, Ph. D. Thesis, Dept. of Geogr., Univ. of Calif., Santa Barbara.
11. Kattelmann, R., and Elder, K. (1991) Hydrologic characteristics and water balance of an alpine basin in the Sierra Nevada, Water Resour. Res., Vol. 27, pp. 1553-1562.
12. Katul, G. K., and Parlange, M. B. (1992) A Penman-Brutsaert model for wet surface evaporation, Water Resour. Res., Vol. 28, pp. 121-126.
13. Kuusisto, E. (1986) The energy balance of a melting snow cover in different environments, In: Modeling Snowmelt-Induced Processes, IAHS Publ. no. 155, pp. 37-45.
14. Male, D. H., and Granger, R. J. (1979) Energy and mass fluxes at the snow surface in a prairie environment, In: Proceedings, Modeling of Snow Cover Runoff (ed. by S. C. Colbeck and M. Ray), CRREL, Hanover New Hampshire, pp. 101-124.
15. Marks, D., Dozier, J., and Davis, R. E. (1992) Climate and energy exchange at the snow surface in the alpine region of the Sierra Nevada, 1. Meteorological measurements and monitoring, Water Resour. Res., Vol. 28, pp. 3029-3042.
16. Marks, D., and Dozier, J. (1992) Climate and energy exchange at the snow surface in the alpine region of the Sierra Nevada, 2. Snow cover energy balance, Water Resour. Res., Vol. 28, pp. 3043-3054.
17. Matthes, F. E. (1934) Ablation of snowfields at high altitudes by radiant solar heat, Trans. AGU, Vol. 2, pp. 380-385.
18. Melack, J. M., Sickman, J. O., Leydecker, A., and Marrett, D. (1997) Comparative Analysis of High-Altitude Lakes and Catchments in the Sierra Nevada: Susceptibility to Acidification, Calif. Air Resources Board, Project A032-188.
19. McKay, D. C., and Thurtell, G. W. (1978) Measurements of the energy fluxes involved in the energy budget of a snow cover, J. Appl. Meteorol., Vol. 17, pp. 339-349.
20. Moore, R. D. (1983) On the use of bulk aerodynamic formulae over melting snow, Nordic Hydrology, Vol. 14, pp. 193-206.
21. Morris, F. M. (1989) Turbulent transfer over snow and ice, J. Hydrology, Vol. 105, pp. 205-223.
22. Morton, F. I. (1983) Operational estimates of areal evapotranspiration and their significance to the science and practice of hydrology, J. Hydrology, Vol. 66, pp. 1-76.
23. Oke, T. R. (1987) Boundary Layer Climates, Routledge, New York, NY.
24. Parlange, M. B., and Brutsaert, W. (1989) Regional roughness of the Landes Forest and surface shear stress under neutral conditions, Boundary Layer Meteorol., Vol. 48, pp. 69-81.
25. Pluss, C., and Mazzoni, R. (1994) The role of turbulent heat fluxes in the energy balance of high alpine snow cover, Nordic Hydrology, Vol. 25, pp. 25-38.
26. Saucer, W. J. (1955) Principles of Meteorological Analysis, Univ. of Chicago Press.
27. Sharp, R. P. (1951) Melting versus evaporation in the Sierra Nevada, California, J. Glaciology, Vol. 1, p. 583.