Interactive effects of herbivory and competition on blue vervain (Verbena hastata L.: Verbenaceae)

Wetlands

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 156-161

  Rachich, Jennifer ^a   Reader, Richard ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

Author keywords

Herbivore exclusion; Inflorescence mass; Neighbor removal; Plant survival; Substitutive interaction; Synergistic interaction

Indexed keywords

AQUATIC PLANT; BIOMASS; COMPETITION; HERBIVORY; SURVIVAL;

PHALARIS; PHALARIS AQUATICA; PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA; PHRAGMITES; VERBENA HASTATA; VERBENACEAE;

EID: 0032842953     PISSN: 02775212     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03161744     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Bazely, D. R. and R. L. Jefferies. 1986. Changes in the composition and standing crop of salt-marsh communities in response to the removal of a grazer. Journal of Ecology 74:693-706.
2. Belanger, L. and J. Bedard. 1994. Role of ice scouring and goose grubbing in marsh plant dynamics. Journal of Ecology 82:437-445.
3. Bertness, M. D. 1991. Interspecific interactions among high marsh perennials in a New England salt marsh. Ecology 72:125-137.
4. Burger, J. C. and S. M. Louda. 1994. Indirect versus direct effects of grasses on growth of a cactus (Opuntia fragilis): insect herbivory versus competition. Oecologia 99:79-87.
5. Chapman, A. R. O. 1990. Effects of grazing, canopy cover and substratum type on the abundances of common species of seaweeds inhabiting littoral fringe tide pools. Botanica Marina 33:319-326.
6. Collette, A. 1983. Effect of spring flooding on the structure of riparian communities along the Speed River in southern Ontario. MSc. Thesis. University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
7. Crawley, M. J. 1990. The population dynamics of plants. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: 330:125-140.
8. D'Antonio, C. M. 1993. Mechanisms controlling invasion of coastal plant communities by the alien succulent Carpobrotus edulis. Ecology 74:83-95.
9. Duggins, D. O. and M. N. Dethier. 1985. Experimental studies of herbivory and algal competition in a low intertidal habitat. Oecologia 67:183-191.
10. Ellison, A. M. 1987. Effects of competition, disturbance and herbivory on Salicornia europea. Ecology 68:576-586.
11. Gleason, H. A. and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd edition. The New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY, USA.
12. Grace, J. B. and R. G. Wetzel. 1981. Habitat partitioning and competitive displacement in cattails (Typha): experimental field studies. American Naturalist 118:463-474.
13. Harper, J. L. 1977. Population Biology of Plants. Academic Press, London, UK.
14. Hatcher, P. E. 1995. Three-way interactions between pathogenic fungi, herbivorous insects and their host plants. Biological Reviews 70:639-694.
15. Howe, H. F. 1990. Survival and growth of juvenile Virola surinamensis in Panama: effects of herbivory and canopy closure. Journal of Tropical Ecology 6:259-280.
16. Jensen, A. 1985. The effect of cattle and sheep grazing on salt-marsh vegetation at Skallingen, Denmark. Vegetatio 60:37-48.
17. Maron, J. L. 1997. Interspecific competition and insect herbivory reduce bush lupine (Lupinus arboreus) seedling survival. Oecologia 110:284-290.
18. McEvoy, P. B., N. T. Rudd, C. S. Cox, and M. Huso. 1993. Disturbance, competition, and herbivory effects on ragwort Senecio jacobaea populations. Ecological Monographs 63:55-75.
19. McPherson, G. R. 1993. Effects of herbivory and herb interference on oak establishment in a semi-arid temperate savanna. Journal of Vegetation Science 4:687-692.
20. Metcalfe, W. S., A. M. Ellison, and M. D. Bertness. 1986. Survivorship and spatial development of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. (Gramineae) seedlings in a New England salt marsh. Annals of Botany 58:249-258.
21. Mulder, C. P. H. and R. W. Ruess. 1998. Effects of herbivory on arrowgrass: interactions between geese, neighboring plants, and abiotic factors. Ecological Monographs 68:275-293.
22. Parker, M. A. and A. G. Salzman. 1985. Herbivore exclosure and competitor removal: effects on juvenile survivorship and growth in the shrub Gutierrezia microcephala. Journal of Ecology 73: 903-913.
23. Pennings, S. C. and R. M. Callaway. 1992. Salt marsh plant zonation: the relative importance of competition and physical factors. Ecology 73:681-690.
24. SAS Institute. 1996. SAS Release 6.12. SAS Institute Inc., Gary, NC, USA.
25. Sinclair, A. R. E. and R. P. Pech. 1996. Density dependence, stochasticity, compensation and predator regulation. Oikos 75:164-173.
26. Smith, T. J. 1983. Alteration of salt marsh plant community composition by grazing snow geese. Holarctic Ecology 6:204-210.
27. Sokal R. R. and F. J. Rohlf. 1995. Biometry. 3rd edition. W.H. Freeman, New York, NY, USA.
28. Swank, S. E. and W. C. Oechel. 1991. Interactions among the effects of herbivory, competition, and resource limitation on chapparal herbs. Ecology 72:104-115.
29. Taylor, K. L. and J. B. Grace. 1995. The effects of vertebrate herbivory on plant community structure in the coastal marshes of the Pearl river, Louisiana, USA. Wetlands 15:68-73.
30. Taylor, K. L., J. B. Grace, and B. D. Marx. 1997. The effects of herbivory on neighbor interactions along a coastal marsh gradient. American Journal of Botany 84:709-715.