Hepatotoxicity of flunitrazepam and alcohol in vitro

Toxicology in Vitro

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 393-401

  Assaf, M S ^a   Abdel Rahman, M S ^a  

^a RUTGERS NEW JERSEY MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALCOHOL; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; FLUNITRAZEPAM; GLUTATHIONE; PHENOBARBITAL;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL VIABILITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; LIVER CELL DAMAGE; LIVER MICROSOME METABOLISM; LIVER TOXICITY; MALE; NONHUMAN; RAT;

EID: 0032841061     PISSN: 08872333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0887-2333(99)00004-1     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Battiston L., Moretti M., Tulissi P., Michili L., Marchi P., Mazzoran L., Lunazzi G., Pozzato G. Hepatic glutathione determination after ethanol administration in rat: Evidence of the first pass metabolism of ethanol. Life Sciences. 56:1995;241-248.
2. Baur H., Kasperek S., Pfaff E. Criteria of viability of isolated liver cells. Physiological Chemistry. 356:1985;827-838.
3. Berry M.N., Halls H.J., Grivell M.B. Techniques for pharmacological and toxicological studies with isolated hepatocytes suspension. Life Sciences. 51:1992;1-16.
4. Beutler E., Duron O., Kelly B.M. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. Journal of Laboratory Clinical Medicine. 61:1963;882-888.
5. Boyer C.S., Petersen D.R. Hepatic biochemical changes as result of acute cocaine administration in the mouse. Hepatology. 14:1991;1209-1216.
6. Calhoun C.S., Wesson D.R., Galloway G.P., Smith D.E. Abuse of flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) and other benzodiazepine in Austin and south Texas. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 28:1996;183-189.
7. Colell A., Garcia-Ruiz C., Morales A., Ballesta A., Ookhtens M., Rodes J., Kaplowitz N., Fernandez-Checa J.C. Transport of reduced glutathione in hepatic mitochondria and mitoplasts from ethanol-treated rats: Effects of membrane physical properties and S-adenosyl-l-methionine. Hepatology. 26:1997;699-708.
8. CEWG (1995) Epidemiologic trends in drug abuse-advance report: Fact sheet on Rohypnol. Community Epidemiology Work Group National Institute on Drug Abuse, http://www.health.org/pubs/factsht/rohypnol.htm.
9. Deleve L.D., Kaplowitz N. Glutathione metabolism and its role in hepatotoxicity. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 52:1991;287-305.
10. Devi B.G., Henderson G.I., Frosto T.A., Schenker S. Effect of ethanol on rat fetal hepatocytes: Studies on cell replication, lipid peroxidation and glutathione. Hepatology. 18:1993;648-659.
11. Drummer O.H., Ranson D.L. Sudden death and benzodiazepines. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology. 17:1996;336-342.
12. Drummer O.H., Syrjanen M.L., Cordner S.M. Deaths involving the benzodiazepine flunitrazepam. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology. 14:1993;238-243.
13. Figliomeni M.L., Abdel-Rahman M.S. The role of ethanol exposure on cocaine metabolism in rat hepatocytes. Journal of Applied Toxicology. 17:1997;105-112.
14. Heyndrickx B. Fatal intoxication due to flunitrazepam. Journal of Analytical Toxicology. 11:1987;278.
15. Kachmer J. R. (1976) Enzymes. In Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry, ed. N. W. Teitz, pp. 674. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
16. Levine W.G. Glutathione and hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity. Drug Metabolism Reviews. 14:1983;909-930.
17. Lieber C.S. Mechanism of ethanol induced hepatic injury. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 46:1990;1-41.
18. Masini A., Ceccarelli D., Gallesi D., Giovannini F., Trenti T. Lipid hydroperoxide induced mitochondrial dysfunction following acute ethanol intoxication in rats. The critical role for mitochondrial reduced glutathione. Biochemical Pharmacology. 47:1994;217-224.
19. Mattila M.A.K., Larni H.M. Flunitrazepam: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use. Drugs. 20:1980;353-374.
20. Mills E.S., Jones A.L. Ultrastructure concepts of drug metabolism. II. The hepatocytes: phenobarbital and microsomal enzyme induction. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 1:1974;271-298.
21. NIH (1985) Guide for care and use of laboratory animals. 11-28. NIH Contact No. NOI-RR-2-2135. National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD.
22. Rej R. Aspartate aminotransferase activity and isozyme proportion in human liver tissues. Clinical Chemistry. 24:1978;1971-1979.
23. Roots I., Saalfrank K., Hildebrandt A.G. Comparison of methods to study enzyme induction in man. Advanced Experimental Medicine and Biology. 58:1975;485-502.
24. Ruch R., Jaber B., Hilton S., Goertz E. Oral benzodiazepines safety in overdose: 20 years of experience. Neuropsychopharmacology. 10:1994;227S.
25. Sato C., Matsuda Y., Lieber C.S. Increased hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen after chronic ethanol consumption in the rat. Gastroenterology. 80:1981;140-148.
26. Sato C., Nakano M., Lieber C.S. Prevention of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by acute ethanol administration in the rat: Comparison with carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 218:1981;805-809.
27. Seglen P.O. Preparation of rat liver cells. Methods in Cell Biology. 13:1976;29-83.
28. Smith M. T. and Orrenius S. (1984) Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, ed. J. R. Mitchell and M. G. Horning, pp. 71. Raven Press, New York.
29. Story D.L., Gee S.J., Tyson C.A. Response of isolated hepatocytes to organic and inorganic cytotoxins. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 11:1983;443-450.
30. Thompson M. L., Shuster L. and Shaw K. (1979) Cocaine induced hepatic necrosis in mice-the role of cocaine metabolism. Biochemical Journal 225, 565-572.
31. Wendel A., Feuerstein S. Drug induced lipid peroxidation in mice: Modulation by monoxygenase activity, glutathione and selenium status. Biochemical Pharmacology. 30:1981;2513-2520.
32. Woods J. H. and Winger G. (1997) Abuse liability of flunitrazepam. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 17 (Suppl. 2), 1S-57S.