Catalytic reduction of calcium sulfate to calcium sulfide by carbon monoxide

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Volumn 38, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 3333-3337

  Li, Hongjian ^a   Zhuang, Yahui ^a  

^a RESEARCH CENTER FOR ECO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON MONOXIDE; CATALYSIS; CATALYSTS; COMPOSITION EFFECTS; IRON; NICKEL; REDUCTION; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; THERMAL EFFECTS; X RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS;

BRUNAUER-EMMETT-TELLER (BET) MEASUREMENTS; CALCIUM SULFATE; CALCIUM SULFIDE;

CALCIUM COMPOUNDS;

CALCIUM SULFATE; CARBON MONOXIDE; SULFIDE;

ARTICLE; CATALYSIS; CATALYST; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; REACTION ANALYSIS; REACTION TIME; REDUCTION; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 0032833640     PISSN: 08885885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ie9901628     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Harben, P. W.; Bates, R. L. Geology of the Nonmetallics; Metal Bulletin, Inc.: New York, 1984.
2. Ellison, W.; Hammer, E. FGD-gypsum use penetrates US wallboard industry. Power 1988, 132 (2), 29.
3. Sliger, A. G. The M. W. Kellogg company Kel-S process. Proc. Int. Symp. Phosphogypsum, 2nd 1986, 2, 83.
4. Ragin, M. M.; Brooks, D. R. Recovery of sulfur from phosphogypsum. Part 1. Conversion of calcium sulfate to calcium sulfide. Proc. Int. Symp. Phosphogypsum, 2nd 1986, 2, 117.
5. Rice, D. A.; Carter, O. C.; Alexander, J. M.; Ragin, M. M.; Swanton, R. G. Recovery of sulfur from phosphogypsum: Conversion of calcum sulfide to sulfur. RI 9297; Bur. Mines Rep. Invest. 1990.
6. Zhuang, Y. H.; Li, H. J. A process of reduction FGD waste, phosphogypsum or natural gypsum. Chinese Patent 98101761.4, 1998.
7. Biswas, S. C.; Sabharwal, V. P.; Dutta, B. K. Sulfur from gypsum: Reduction of gypsum to calcium sulfide. Technology 1971, 8 (1), 52.
8. Smith, J. C.; Reinhardt, J. R. Increasing the rate of reaction in reducing calcium sulfate to calcium sulfide. U.S. Patent 3,640,-682, 1972.
9. Jha, A.; Grieveson, P. Calcination of calcium sulphate in the presence of carbon and calcium sulphide. Scand. J. Metall. 1990, 19, 39.
10. Kale, B. B.; Pande, A. R.; Gokarn, A. N. Studies in the carbothermic reduction of phosphogypsum. Metall. Trans. B 1992, 23B, 567.
11. Ragin, M. M.; Brooks, D. R. Recovery of sulfur from phosphogypsum: Conversion of calcium sulfate to calcium sulfide. RI 9323; Bur. Mines Rep. Invest. 1990.
12. Trikkel, A.; Kuusik, R. Tallinna Tehnikaulik. Toim. 1994, 742, 45.
13. Zadick, T. W.; Zavaleta, R.; McCandless, F. P. Catalytic reduction of calcium sulfate to calcium sulfide with carbon monoxide. Ind. Eng. Chem. Proc. Des. Dev. 1972, 11, 283.
14. Turkdogan, E. T. The Physical Chemistry of High-Temperature Technology; Academic Press: London, 1980.
15. Zhang, C. L.; Li, S.; Wang, L. J.; Wu, T. H. Temperature-programmed reduction of ferrites. Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 12 (2), 244.