Functional and evolutionary implications of opposed bands, big mouths, and extensive oral ciliation in larval opheliids and echiurids (Annelida)

Biological Bulletin

Volumn 197, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 14-25

  Miner, Benjamin G ^a   Sanford, Eric ^b   Strathmann, Richard R ^c   Pernet, Bruno ^c   Emlet, Richard B ^d  

^a University of Florida   (United States)

^b OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OREGON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANNELIDA; ARMANDIA BREVIS; ECHIURA; ECHIURIDAE; EUKARYOTA; NEPHTYIDAE; OPHELIIDAE; OWENIIDAE; POLYNOIDAE; SERPULIDAE; URECHIS CAUPO;

EID: 0032827271     PISSN: 00063185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1542993     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Bhaud, M., and C. Cazaux. 1987. Description and identification of polychaete larvae; their implications in current biological problems. Oceanis 13: 595-753.
2. Emlet, R. B. 1990. Flow fields around ciliated larvae: the effects of natural and artificial tethers. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 63: 211-225.
3. Emlet, R. B., and R. R. Strathmann. 1994. Functional consequences of simple cilia in the mitraria of oweniids (an anomalous larva of an anomalous polychaete) and comparisons with other larvae. Pp. 143-157 in Reproduction and Development of Marine Invertebrates, W. H. Wilson, Jr., S. A. Stricker, and G. L. Shinn, eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
4. Gould, M. 1967. Echiurid worms: Urechis. Pp. 163-171 in Methods in Developmental Biology, F. H. Wilt and N. Wessels, eds. Crowell, New York.
5. Hatschek, B. 1880. Über die Entwicklungsgeschichte von Echiurus und die systematische Stellung der Echiuridae. Arbeiten Zool. Inst. Wien 3: 45-78, plates 1-6.
6. Hermans, C. O. 1964. The Reproductive and Developmental Biology of the Opheliid Polychaete, Armandia brevis. M. S. Thesis, University of Washington. 131 pp.
7. Hermans, C. O. 1978. Metamorphosis in the opheliid polychaete Armandia brevis. Pp. 113-126 in Settlement and Metamorphosis of Marine Invertebrate Larvae, F.-S. Chia and M. E. R. Rice, eds. Elsevier, New York.
8. Hoegh-Guldberg, O., and D. T. Manahan. 1995. Coulometric measurement of oxygen consumption during development of marine invertebrate embryos and larvae. J. Exp. Biol. 198: 19-30.
9. Jägersten, G. 1972. Evolution of the Metazoan Life Cycle. Academic Press, New York. 282 pp.
10. McEdward, L. R. 1984. Morphometric and metabolic analyses of the growth and form of an echinopluteus. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 82: 259-287.
11. McEdward, L. R., and R. R. Strathmann. 1987. The body plan of the cyphonautes larva of bryozoans prevents high clearance rates: comparisons with the pluteus and a growth model. Biol. Bull. 172: 30-45.
12. McHugh, D. 1997. Molecular evidence that echiurans and pogonophorans are derived annelids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 8006-8009.
13. McHugh, D., and G. W. Rouse. 1998. Life history evolution of marine invertebrates: new views from phylogenetic systematics. Trends Ecol. Evol. 13: 182-186.
14. Newby, W. W. 1940. The Embryology of the Echiuroid Worm Urechis caupo. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia. 219 pp.
15. Nielsen, C. 1995. Animal Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 467 pp.
16. Nielsen, C. 1998. Origin and evolution of animal life cycles. Biol. Rev. 73: 125-155.
17. Phillips, N. E., and B. Pernet. 1996. Capture of large particles by suspension-feeding scaleworm larvae (Polychaeta: Polynoidae). Biol. Bull. 191: 199-208.
18. Richter, G., and G. Thorson. 1975. Pelagische Prosobranchier-Larven des Golfes von Neapel. Ophelia 13: 109-185.
19. Rouse, G. W., and K. Fauchald. 1997. Cladistics and polychaetes. Zool. Scr. 26: 139-204.
20. Salensky, W. 1876. Über die Metamorphose des Echiurus. Morphologisches Jahrbuch 2: 319-327.
21. Sleigh, M. A. 1984. The integrated activity of cilia: function and coordination. J. Protozool. 31: 16-21.
22. Strathmann, R. R. 1987. Larval feeding. Pp. 465-550 in Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates. Vol. 9. General Aspects: Seeking Unity in Diversity, A. C. Giese, J. S. Pearse, and V. B. Pearse, eds. Blackwell, Palo Alto, CA.
23. Strathmann, R. R. 1993. Hypotheses on the origins of marine larvae. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 24: 89-117.
24. Strathmann, R. R., and D. J. Eernisse. 1994. What molecular phylogenies tell us about the evolution of larval forms. Am. Zool. 34: 502-512.
25. Strathmann, R. R., and E. Leise. 1979. On feeding mechanisms and clearance rates of molluscan veligers. Biol. Bull. 157: 524-535.
26. Strathmann, R. R., T. L. Jahn, and J. R. C. Fonseca. 1972. Suspension feeding by marine invertebrate larvae: clearance of particles by ciliated bands of a rotifer, pluteus, and trochophore. Biol. Bull. 142: 505-519.
27. Strathmann, R. R., L. Fenaux, A. T. Sewell, and M. F. Strathmann. 1993. Abundance of food affects relative size of larval and postlarval structures of a molluscan veliger. Biol. Bull. 185: 232-239.
28. Suer, A. L. 1982. Larval Settlement, Growth, and Reproduction of the Marine Echiuran Urechis caupo. Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Davis. 198 pp.