Comparing the biological and cultural inheritance of personality and social attitudes in the Virginia 30 000 study of twins and their relatives

Twin Research

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 62-80

  Eaves, Lindon ^a,d   Heath, Andrew ^b   Martin, Nicholas ^c   Maes, Hermine ^a   Neale, Michael ^a   Kendler, Kenneth ^a   Kirk, Katherine ^c   Corey, Linda ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^d VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Assortative mating; Attitudes; Behavior genetics; Cultural transmission; Heritability; Personality; Sex differences; Twins

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; BEHAVIOR GENETICS; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; ENVIRONMENT; FAMILY; GENE; HUMAN; INHERITANCE; PERSONALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RELATIVE; TWINS;

ADULT; ATTITUDE; BIOLOGY; CULTURE; DECEPTION; ENVIRONMENT; EXTRAVERSION (PSYCHOLOGY); FEMALE; GENETICS, BEHAVIORAL; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE; MALE; MILITARY SCIENCE; NEUROTIC DISORDERS; PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS; PEDIGREE; PERSONALITY; POLITICS; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; RELIGION; SEX; TAXES; TWINS; VIRGINIA;

EID: 0032821345     PISSN: 13690523     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1375/136905299320565933     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Loehlin JC, Nichols RC. Heredity, environment, and personality: a study of 850 sets of twins. University of Texas Press: Austin, 1976.
2. Floderus-Myrhed B, Pedersen N, Rasmuson I. Assessment of heritability for personality, based on a short-form of the Eysenck Personality Inventory: a study of 12,898 twin pairs. Behav Genet 1980; 10: 153-162.
3. Martin NG, Jardine R. Eysenck's contribution to behavior genetics. In: Modgil S, Modgil C (eds). Hans Eysenck: Consensus and Controversy. Falmer Press: Philadelphia, 1986, pp 13-47.
4. Rose RJ, Koskenvuo M, Kaprio J, Sarna S, Langinvainio H. Shared genes, shared experiences, and similarity of personality: data from 14,288 adult Finnish co-twins. J Pers Soc Psychol 1988; 54: 161-171.
5. Eaves LJ, Eysenck HJ, Martin NG. Genes, culture and personality: an empirical approach. Oxford University Press: London, 1989.
6. Shields J. Monozygotic Twins: Brought up Apart and Brought up Together. Oxford University Press: London, 1996.
7. Langinvainio H, Kaprio J, Koskenvuo M, Lonnqvist J. Finnish twins reared apart. III: Personality factors. Acta Genet Med Gemellol (Roma) 1984; 33: 259-264.
8. Tellegen A, Lykken DT, Bouchard TJ Jr, Wilcox KJ, Segal NL, Rich S. Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together. J Pers Soc Psychol 1988; 54: 1031-1039.
9. Pedersen NL, Plomin R, McClearn GE, Friberg L. Neuroticism, extraversion, and related traits in adult twins reared apart and reared together. J Pers Soc Psychol 1988; 55: 950-957.
10. Ahern FM, Johnson RC, Wilson JR, McClearn GE, Vandenberg SG. Family resemblances in personality. Behav Genet 1982; 12: 261-280.
11. Buss DM. Marital assortment for personality dispositions: assessment with three different data sources. Behav Genet 1984; 14: 111-123.
12. Scarr S, Webber PL, Weinberg RA, Wittig MA. Personality resemblance among adolescents and their parents in biologically related and adoptive families. J Pers Soc Psychol 1981; 40: 885-898.
13. Loehlin JC, Horn JM, Willerman L. Personality resemblance in adoptive families. Behav Genet 1981; 11: 309-330.
14. Loehlin JC, Willerman L, Horn JM. Personality resemblances between unwed mothers and their adopted-away offspring. J Pers Soc Psychol 1982; 42: 1089-1099.
15. Loehlin JC, Willerman L, Horn JM. Personality resemblances in adoptive families when the children are late-adolescent or adult. J Pers Soc Psychol 1985; 48: 376-392.
16. Rose RJ, Kaprio J. Frequency of social contact and intrapair resemblance of adult monozygotic cotwins - or does shared experience influence personality after all? Behav Genet 1988; 18: 309-328.
17. Eaves LJ. Computer simulation of sample size and experimental design in human psychogenetics. Psychol Bull 1972; 77: 144-152.
18. Heath AC, Kendler KS, Eaves LJ, Markell D. The resolution of cultural and biological inheritance: informativeness of different relationships. Behav Genet 1985; 15: 439-465.
19. Heath AC, Eaves LJ. Resolving the effects of phenotype and social background on mate selection. Behav Genet 1985; 15: 15-30.
20. Truett KR, Eaves LJ, Walters EE, Heath AC, Hewitt JK, Meyer JM, Silberg J, Neale MC, Martin NG, Kendler KS. A model system for analysis of family resemblance in extended kinships of twins. Behav Genet 1994; 24: 35-49.
21. Eaves LJ. The use of twins in the analysis of assortative mating. Heredity 1979; 43: 399-409.
22. Eaves LJ, Heath AC. Sex-limitation and 'asymmetric' assortative mating. Twin Research 3: Intelligence, Personality and Development 1981; 73-86.
23. Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SBG. Personality Questionnaire (junior and adult). Hodder and Stoughton Educational: Chigwell Press: Essex, 1975.
24. Lange K, Westlake J, Spence MA. Extensions to pedigree analysis. III. Variance components by the scoring method. Ann Hum Genet 1976; 39: 485-491.
25. McGue M, Wette R, Rao DC. Evaluation of path analysis through computer simulation: effect of incorrectly assuming independent distribution of familial correlations. Genet Epidemiol 1984; 1: 255-269.
26. Bouchard TJ Jr, Lykken DT, McGue M, Segal N, Tellegen A. Sources of human psychological differences: the Minnesota study of twins reared apart. Science 1990; 250: 223-228.
27. Corey LA, Nance WE. The monozygotic half-sib model: a tool for epidemiologic research. Prog Clin Biol Res 1978; 24 Pt A: 201-209.
28. Morton NE. Analysis of family resemblance I. Introduction. Am J Hum Genet 1974; 26: 318-330.
29. Heath AC. Human quantitative genetics: Some issues and applications. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oxford, Oxford, 1983.
30. Eaves LJ. Inferring the causes of human variation. J Roy Stat Soc, Series A 1977; 140: 324-355.
31. Fisher RA. The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Trans Roy Soc (Edinburgh) 1918; 52: 399-433.
32. Rao DC, Morton NE, Elston RC, Yee S. Causal analysis of academic performance. Behav Genet 1977; 7: 147-159.
33. Numerical Algorithms Group. NAG Fortran Library Manual, Mark 17. Numerical Algorithms Group Ltd: Oxford, 1995.
34. Rao DC, McGue M, Wette R, Glueck CJ. Path analysis in genetic epidemiology. In: Chakravarti A (ed.). Human Population Genetics: the Pittsburgh Symposium. Van Nostrand Reinhold: New York, 1984, pp 35-81.
35. Eaves LJ, Long J, Heath AC. A theory of developmental change in quantitative phenotypes applied to cognitive development. Behav Genet 1986; 16: 143-162.
36. Tambs K, Moum T. Low genetic effect and age-specific family effect for symptoms of anxiety and depression in nuclear families, halfsibs and twins. J Affective Disorders 1993; 27: 183-195.
37. Eaves LJ. A model for sibling effects in man. Heredity, 36: 205-214.
38. Carey G. Sibling imitation and contrast effects. Behav Genet 1986; 16: 319-341.
39. Zajonc RB, Markus GB. Birth order and intellectual development. Psychol Rev 1975; 82: 74-88.
40. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MW. Cultural versus biological inheritance: phenotypic transmission from parents to children. (A theory of the effect of parental phenotypes on children's phenotypes). Am J Hum Genet 1973; 25: 618-637.
41. Eaves LJ. Dominance alone is not enough. Behav Genet 1988; 18: 27-33.
42. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MW. Cultural Transmission and Evolution: a Quantitative Approach. Princeton University: Princeton, 1981.
43. Martin NG, Eaves LJ, Heath AC, Jardine R, Feingold LM, Eysenck HJ. Transmission of social attitudes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 4364-4368.
44. Gray JA. The psychophysiological basis of introversion-extraversion. Behav Res Ther 1970; 8: 249-266.
45. Dawkins R. The Extended Phenotype: the Gene as the Unit of Selection. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1982.