Cost of smoking to the Medicare program, 1993

Health Care Financing Review

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 179-196

  Zhang, Xiulan ^a   Miller, Leonard ^b   Max, Wendy ^a   Rice, Dorothy P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMBULATORY CARE; ARTICLE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEALTH STATUS; HOME CARE; HOSPITAL CARE; HUMAN; MEDICARE; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMICS;

AGED; AMBULATORY CARE; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; HEALTH STATUS; HOME CARE SERVICES; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; MALE; MEDICAID; MEDICARE; MODELS, ECONOMETRIC; NURSING HOMES; SMOKING; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0032820764     PISSN: 01958631     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Adams, E.K., Solanki, G., and Miller, L.S.: Medical care expenditures attributable to cigarette smoking during pregnancy-United States 1995. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 46(14):1048-1050, November 7, 1997.
2. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research: National Medical Expenditure Survey: Sample Design of the 1987 Household Survey. Methods 3. AHCPR Pub. No. 91-0037. Rockville, MD. 1991.
3. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research: Household survey: Disability days and medical conditions, calendar year 1987 [CD-ROM]. Rockville, MD. February 8, 1991.
4. Bartlett, J.C., Miller, L.S., Rice, D.P., and Max, W.: Medical Care Expenditures Attributable to Cigarette Smoking-United States, 1993. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 43(26):469-472, July 8, 1994.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Reducing the Health Consequences of Smoking: 25 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. DHHS Pub. No. 89-8411. Washington, DC. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1989.
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1993. Data tapes. Atlanta. 1993.
7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: State Tobacco Control Highlights - 1996. CDC Pub. No. 099-4895. Atlanta. 1996.
8. Heckman, J.: Sample selection bias as a specification error. Econometrica 47:153-61, 1979.
9. Hedrick, J.I.: The Economic Costs of Cigarette Smoking. HSMHA Health Reports 86(2):179-182, February 1971.
10. Kristein, M.M.: Economic Issues in Prevention. Preventive Medicine 6(2):252-264, June 1977.
11. Lee, L.F.: Estimation of limited dependent variable models by two-stage methods. Dissertation. Rochester, NY. University of Rochester, 1976.
12. Levit, K., Cowan, C., Braden, B., et al.: National Health Expenditures in 1997: More Slow Growth. Health Affairs 17(6):99-110, November/December 1998.
13. Levit, K., Lazenby, H.C., Cowan, C.A., et al.: State Health Expenditure Accounts: Building Blocks for State Health Spending Analysis. Health Care Financing Review 17(1):201-254, Fall 1995.
14. Luce, B., and Schweitzer, S.: Smoking and Alcohol Abuse: A Comparison of their Economic Consequences. New England Journal of Medicine 298(10):569-571, March 9, 1978.
15. McKelvey, R., and Zavoina, W.: A statistical model for the analysis of ordinal level dependent variables. Journal of Mathematical Sociology 4:103-20, summer, 1975.
16. Miller, L.S., Zhang, X., Novotny, T., et al.: State Estimates of Medicaid Expenditures Attributable to Cigarette Smoking, Fiscal Year 1993. Public Health Reports 113(2):140-151, March-April 1998a.
17. Miller, L.S., Zhang, X., Rice, D.P., and Max, W.: State Estimates of Total Medical Expenditures Attributable to Cigarette Smoking, 1993. Public Health Reports 113(5):447458, September-October 1998b.
18. Office of Technology Assessment: Smoking-Related Deaths and Financial Costs. Office of Technology Assessment Estimates for 1990. Statement before the Senate Special Committee on Aging. Washington, DC. May 1993.
19. Office of Technology Assessment: Smoking-Related Deaths and Financial Costs. OTA Staff Memorandum. Washington, DC. September 1985.
20. Olin, G.L., and Liu, H.: Health and Health Care of the Medicare Population: Data from the 1994 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey. Rockville, MD. Westat, November 1998.
21. Rao, J.N.K., Wu, C.F.J., and Yue, K: Some recent work on resampling methods for complex surveys. Survey Methodology 18:209-17, 1992.
22. Rice, D.P., Hodgson, T, Sinsheimer, P., Browner, W, and Kopstein, A.: The Economic Costs of the Health Effects of Smoking, 1984. Milbank Quarterly 64(4):489-547, 1986.